Hybrid Book - Chapter 8

A resolver creates a sine waveform. Resolvers are electromechanical devices used to measure the angular position of a rotating object. They convert the mechanical rotation into an electrical signal, which is typically a sine waveform. This waveform represents the position of the rotating object and can be used for various applications such as control systems or feedback mechanisms.

An induction/PM machine requires a speed-sensing or rpm-sensing device to provide an input signal to the controller. This signal is used by the controller to calculate the appropriate slip percentage or phase advance/retard needed to control the machine effectively. By monitoring the speed of the machine, the controller can adjust the slip or phase angle to maintain optimal performance and efficiency.

An oscillator is a device that generates an AC sine-wave output. In this context, the oscillator is used to generate a pulsed AC sine-wave output, which serves as the reference signal for measuring the sine and cosine outputs. The resolver, which is not mentioned in the question, relies on this reference signal to accurately measure the sine and cosine outputs. Therefore, an oscillator is necessary in this scenario.

The Toyota Prius uses a resolver sensor. A resolver sensor is a type of position sensor that converts mechanical motion into an electrical signal. It is commonly used in automotive applications to determine the position of various components, such as the throttle or steering wheel. In the case of the Toyota Prius, the resolver sensor is likely used to accurately measure the position of the hybrid powertrain components, such as the electric motor or generator. This information is crucial for the vehicle's control system to optimize performance and efficiency.

The correct answer is encoder and resolver. Encoder sensors are commonly used to measure motor speed by converting the rotational motion into electrical signals. They provide accurate speed and position feedback. Resolver sensors are also used to sense motor speed by converting the mechanical motion into electrical signals. They are particularly useful in applications where high accuracy and reliability are required. Both encoder and resolver sensors play a crucial role in sensing motor speed.

An induction/PM controller needs at least two internal power-inverter current sensors to safely measure 3-phase current. This is because a 3-phase system requires the measurement of current in each phase, which can be achieved by using two sensors. One sensor alone would only provide the measurement of current in one phase, which is insufficient for accurately monitoring the 3-phase current. Therefore, two sensors are necessary for the controller to safely measure the current in a 3-phase system.

An encoder is a device that provides a digital, square-wave output. It is used in electric machine motor controllers to count and determine the approximate rotor position and speed. This makes it an essential component in motor control systems as it helps in accurately monitoring and controlling the motor's operation.

The Ford Escape Hybrid uses a resolver sensor. A resolver is a type of sensor that is commonly used in automotive applications to measure position and speed. It is a rotary sensor that converts mechanical motion into an electrical signal. Resolvers are known for their durability and accuracy, making them suitable for use in vehicles. They are also resistant to environmental factors such as temperature and vibration, which makes them ideal for automotive applications.

The Honda Civic Hybrid uses a magnetoresistive proximity sensor. This type of sensor is commonly used in hybrid vehicles to detect the position of the crankshaft and camshaft. It operates by measuring changes in magnetic fields, allowing it to accurately determine the position of rotating components. The magnetoresistive proximity sensor is known for its high sensitivity and reliability, making it an ideal choice for automotive applications.