Miladys Standard Cosmetology - Chapter 8
Nail structure and growth
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The hard protective plate found at the ends of fingers and toes are
- A.
Nail grooves
- B.
Natural nails
- C.
Nail ends
- D.
Mantles
Correct Answer
B. Natural nailsExplanation
The hard protective plate found at the ends of fingers and toes are known as natural nails. They are made up of a protein called keratin and serve to protect the fingertips and toes. The natural nails grow from the nail matrix located at the base of the nail, and they can be trimmed and maintained for hygiene and aesthetic purposes.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The area under a healthy nail plate should appear
- A.
Bluish
- B.
Redish
- C.
Pinkish
- D.
Brownish
Correct Answer
C. PinkishExplanation
The area under a healthy nail plate should appear pinkish. This is because the nail bed, which is located underneath the nail plate, contains blood vessels that give it a pink color. The pinkish hue indicates good blood circulation and overall nail health.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A nail protein that is found in natural nails is
- A.
Water
- B.
Keratin
- C.
Cuticle
- D.
Melanin
Correct Answer
B. KeratinExplanation
Keratin is the correct answer because it is a protein that is found in natural nails. Keratin is a tough, fibrous protein that forms the structural component of hair, skin, and nails. It provides strength and durability to the nails, making them hard and resistant to damage.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Nails are an appendage of the skin and are part of what body system
- A.
Digestive system
- B.
Respiratory system
- C.
Nervous system
- D.
Integumentary system
Correct Answer
D. Integumentary systemExplanation
Nails are an appendage of the skin and are primarily made up of a protein called keratin. The integumentary system is responsible for protecting the body from external threats, regulating body temperature, and providing sensory information. Nails play a role in protecting the fingertips and enhancing the sense of touch, which is why they are considered part of the integumentary system. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food, the respiratory system is responsible for breathing, and the nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A healthy nail is smooth shiny and
- A.
Dark grey
- B.
Translucent gray
- C.
Bluish
- D.
Translucent
Correct Answer
D. TranslucentExplanation
A healthy nail is smooth, shiny, and translucent. Translucent means that light is able to pass through the nail, giving it a slightly see-through appearance. This is a characteristic of a healthy nail, indicating that it is well-nourished and hydrated. Dark grey, bluish, or opaque nails may indicate underlying health issues or conditions such as poor circulation, lack of oxygen, or fungal infections. Therefore, the correct answer is translucent.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The portion of the living skin on which the nail plate sits is the
- A.
Nail bed
- B.
Cuticle
- C.
Nail fold
- D.
Ligament
Correct Answer
A. Nail bedExplanation
The correct answer is nail bed. The nail bed is the portion of the living skin where the nail plate rests. It provides support and nourishment to the nail plate, helping it grow and remain healthy. The nail bed is responsible for the pink color of the nail, as it contains blood vessels that give it a pinkish hue.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The nail bed is attached to the nail plate by a thin layer of tissue called the
- A.
Natural edge
- B.
Free edge
- C.
Bed epitheluim
- D.
Nil groove
Correct Answer
C. Bed epitheluimExplanation
The correct answer is "bed epithelium." The nail bed is the area of skin beneath the nail plate, and it is attached to the nail plate by a thin layer of tissue called the bed epithelium. This layer helps to anchor the nail plate in place and provides nourishment to the nail as it grows. The other options mentioned, such as natural edge, free edge, and nail groove, are not anatomical terms related to the attachment of the nail bed and nail plate.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Nails cells are formed in what part of the nail structure
- A.
Matrix
- B.
Mantle
- C.
Cuticle
- D.
Muscles
Correct Answer
A. MatrixExplanation
The matrix is the part of the nail structure where nail cells are formed. It is located at the base of the nail, underneath the cuticle. The matrix is responsible for producing new cells that push the old cells forward, causing the nail to grow.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The nail plate is guided and helped along during its growth by a thin layer of tissue called
- A.
Matrix cells
- B.
Bed epitheluim
- C.
Nail groove
- D.
Nail enhancement
Correct Answer
B. Bed epitheluimExplanation
The nail plate is guided and helped along during its growth by a thin layer of tissue called the bed epithelium. This layer of tissue is located beneath the nail plate and is responsible for producing new nail cells. It provides nourishment and support to the growing nail, ensuring its healthy development. The bed epithelium also plays a role in determining the shape and thickness of the nail plate.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The matrix continues to create news cells provided that
- A.
It is conditioned with regular manicures
- B.
It receives nutrition and is kept healthy
- C.
It is attached to the free edge
- D.
It extends beyond the free edge
Correct Answer
B. It receives nutrition and is kept healthyExplanation
The correct answer is "it receives nutrition and is kept healthy." This answer is supported by the statement that the matrix continues to create new cells. In order for the matrix to continue producing new cells, it needs to receive nutrition and be kept healthy. Without proper nutrition and health, the matrix may not have the necessary resources and conditions to produce new cells.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin is the
- A.
Cuticle
- B.
Root
- C.
Lunula
- D.
Bulb
Correct Answer
C. LunulaExplanation
The lunula is the visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin. It is a crescent-shaped area located at the base of the nail, near the cuticle. The lunula is usually whitish in color and is more visible on some nails than others. It represents the area where new nail cells are formed and is an important part of nail health.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The most visible and funtional part of the nail module is the
- A.
Nail plate
- B.
Free edge
- C.
Cuticle
- D.
Lunula
Correct Answer
A. Nail plateExplanation
The nail plate is the most visible and functional part of the nail module. It is the hard, translucent portion of the nail that covers the nail bed. It is responsible for protecting the underlying structures of the nail, providing strength and support to the nail, and allowing for the growth of the nail. The nail plate is also the part of the nail that can be seen and decorated with nail polish or nail art.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The nail plate is constructed of how many layers of nail cells
- A.
10
- B.
20
- C.
50
- D.
100
Correct Answer
D. 100Explanation
The nail plate is constructed of 100 layers of nail cells. This suggests that the nail plate is composed of multiple layers of cells stacked on top of each other, providing strength and durability to the nail. Having 100 layers of cells also implies that the nail plate is thick and can withstand external forces.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is the
- A.
Free edge
- B.
Manual edge
- C.
Nail root
- D.
Nail groove
Correct Answer
A. Free edgeExplanation
The correct answer is the free edge. The free edge of the nail plate is the part that extends beyond the fingertip or toe. It is the visible part of the nail that can be trimmed and shaped. The free edge is typically white in color and is the part of the nail that is most prone to breaking or chipping.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The dead colorless tissue attached to the nail plate is
- A.
Groove
- B.
Matrix
- C.
Cuticle
- D.
Eponychium
Correct Answer
C. CuticleExplanation
The cuticle is the dead colorless tissue that is attached to the nail plate. It forms a protective barrier between the nail plate and the surrounding skin, preventing bacteria and other harmful substances from entering the nail bed. The cuticle also helps to keep the nail plate moisturized and flexible.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The living skin at the base of the nail plate covering the matrix area is the
- A.
Eponychium
- B.
Hyonychium
- C.
Cuticle
- D.
Free edge
Correct Answer
A. EponychiumExplanation
The correct answer is eponychium. The eponychium is the living skin at the base of the nail plate that covers the matrix area. It is also known as the "cuticle" and helps protect the matrix and the growing nail.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The slightly thickened layer of skin that lies underneath the free edge of the nail plate is the
- A.
Hyponychium
- B.
Cuticle
- C.
Eponychium
- D.
Nail fold
Correct Answer
A. HyponychiumExplanation
The hyponychium is the slightly thickened layer of skin that lies underneath the free edge of the nail plate. It acts as a barrier, sealing the space between the nail plate and the fingertip, protecting it from bacteria and debris. The cuticle refers to the thin layer of skin that covers the base of the nail plate. The eponychium is the living skin at the base of the nail plate that extends onto the nail plate. The nail fold refers to the fold of skin that surrounds the sides and base of the nail plate.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Tough bands of fiberous tissues that connect bones are
- A.
Arteries
- B.
Ligaments
- C.
Tendons
- D.
Mantle
Correct Answer
B. LigamentsExplanation
Ligaments are tough bands of fibrous tissues that connect bones. They provide stability and support to joints by connecting bones together. Unlike tendons, which connect muscles to bones, ligaments connect bones to other bones. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, and the term "mantle" does not refer to a type of tissue. Therefore, the correct answer is ligaments.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The slits or furrows on the sides of the nail plate are
- A.
Artificial nails
- B.
Natural nails
- C.
Nail mantles
- D.
Nail grooves
Correct Answer
D. Nail groovesExplanation
The slits or furrows on the sides of the nail plate are referred to as nail grooves. These grooves are natural features of the nail and can vary in depth and appearance from person to person. They are not artificial nails, which are extensions placed over the natural nail. Nail mantles refer to the folds of skin at the base of the nail, while nail grooves specifically pertain to the indentations on the sides of the nail plate.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The length width and curvature of the nails are determined by the
- A.
Matrix shape
- B.
Bed epitheluim
- C.
Groove shape
- D.
Furrow shape
Correct Answer
A. Matrix shapeExplanation
The matrix shape determines the length, width, and curvature of the nails. The matrix is the area at the base of the nail where new nail cells are produced. It is responsible for the growth and shape of the nail. The cells produced by the matrix push the older cells forward, causing the nail to grow in length. The shape of the matrix determines the overall shape and curvature of the nail.Rate this question:
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- 21.
In the normal adult the average rate of nail growth is about
- A.
1/16 inch per month
- B.
1/4 in per month
- C.
1 inch per year
- D.
1/10 inch per month
Correct Answer
D. 1/10 inch per monthExplanation
The normal rate of nail growth in adults is approximately 1/10 inch per month. This means that on average, nails grow about 1/10 of an inch in length every month.Rate this question:
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- 22.
A healthy natural nail will continue to grow provided there is no damage to the
- A.
Cuticle
- B.
Groove
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Edge
Correct Answer
C. MatrixExplanation
The matrix is the area at the base of the nail where the nail plate is formed. It contains cells that produce new nail cells, which then push forward and cause the nail to grow. As long as the matrix is undamaged, the nail will continue to grow. The cuticle, groove, and edge are not directly involved in nail growth. The cuticle is a layer of skin that protects the nail matrix, the groove is a depression on the side of the nail, and the edge is the outermost part of the nail.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Replacement of the natural fingernail usually takes about
- A.
6 to 12 months
- B.
4 to 6 months
- C.
4 to 8 weeks
- D.
2 to 8 months
Correct Answer
B. 4 to 6 monthsExplanation
The replacement of a natural fingernail typically takes about 4 to 6 months. During this time, the damaged or lost nail gradually grows back and fully regenerates. This process may vary slightly depending on individual factors such as overall health, nail care, and any underlying conditions that may affect nail growth. However, on average, it takes several months for a new nail to completely replace the old one.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What fingernail grows the fastest
- A.
Middle finger
- B.
Thumb
- C.
Toenails
- D.
Damaged nails
Correct Answer
A. Middle fingerExplanation
The middle finger is the correct answer because it typically grows faster than the other fingers. This is due to the fact that the middle finger has a higher blood flow compared to the other fingers, which promotes faster nail growth. Additionally, the middle finger is often used more frequently for activities such as typing or writing, which can also contribute to its faster growth rate.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The nail has a water content between
- A.
10 and 15 percent
- B.
1 and 5 percent
- C.
20 and 45 percent
- D.
15 and 25 percent
Correct Answer
D. 15 and 25 percentExplanation
The correct answer is 15 and 25 percent. This is because nails typically have a water content between these percentages. Water content in nails is important as it affects their strength and durability. Too little water can make nails brittle and prone to breaking, while too much water can cause them to swell and become weaker. Therefore, maintaining a water content within the range of 15 to 25 percent is ideal for ensuring the optimal performance of nails.Rate this question:
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Sep 26, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 25, 2012Quiz Created by
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