Humanities @ Gwinnett Tech - Midterm Review

1. This person lived from ~356 BCE to 323 BCE. He created a legacy that established Greece as the model against which all cultures in the West had to measure themselves. He founed over 70 cities throughout his empire, naming many of them after himself. Who was he?

The person described in the question is Alexander the Great, also known as Alexander of Macedonia. He lived from approximately 356 BCE to 323 BCE and his legacy established Greece as the standard by which all Western cultures were measured. He founded over 70 cities in his empire and named many of them after himself, showcasing his influence and power.

Explanation

The person described in the question is Alexander the Great, also known as Alexander of Macedonia. He lived from approximately 356 BCE to 323 BCE and his legacy established Greece as the standard by which all Western cultures were measured. He founded over 70 cities in his empire and named many of them after himself, showcasing his influence and power.

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2.

This opening in the dome of the Pantheon is called what?

The opening in the dome of the Pantheon is called the oculus.

Explanation

The opening in the dome of the Pantheon is called the oculus.

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3.

This Roman temple's name literally translates to "all gods", built circa 118-125 CE. What is it?

The correct answer is "Pantheon" or "the Pantheon." The Pantheon is a Roman temple that was built around 118-125 CE. Its name translates to "all gods" in Greek, reflecting its original purpose as a place of worship for all the gods of ancient Rome. The Pantheon is renowned for its impressive dome structure and is considered one of the best-preserved ancient Roman buildings.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Pantheon" or "the Pantheon." The Pantheon is a Roman temple that was built around 118-125 CE. Its name translates to "all gods" in Greek, reflecting its original purpose as a place of worship for all the gods of ancient Rome. The Pantheon is renowned for its impressive dome structure and is considered one of the best-preserved ancient Roman buildings.

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4. _____ _______________ were four attempts (1096-1204) to retake the holy lands from Muslim control. The first of which was inspired by Pope Urban II. It was motivated by factors such as; religious zeal, the desire to reduce conflict at home by sending off Europe's feuding aristocrats, defending Christendom from barbarity, the promise of monetary reward, and the hot blood and sense of adventure of the nobility.

The Crusades were a series of four attempts made between 1096 and 1204 to retake control of the holy lands from Muslim rule. The first Crusade was inspired by Pope Urban II and had various motivations including religious zeal, the need to reduce conflict within Europe by sending feuding aristocrats away, defending Christendom from perceived barbarity, the promise of financial gain, and the desire for adventure among the nobility.

Explanation

The Crusades were a series of four attempts made between 1096 and 1204 to retake control of the holy lands from Muslim rule. The first Crusade was inspired by Pope Urban II and had various motivations including religious zeal, the need to reduce conflict within Europe by sending feuding aristocrats away, defending Christendom from perceived barbarity, the promise of financial gain, and the desire for adventure among the nobility.

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5. What is a pyramidal temple structure consisting of successive platforms with outside staircases and a shrine at the top?

A ziggurat is a pyramidal temple structure that is composed of multiple platforms with outside staircases leading to a shrine at the top. This architectural design was common in ancient Mesopotamia and was used as a religious center. The ziggurat served as a link between the heavens and the earth, and it was believed to be a sacred place where the gods would descend to communicate with humans. The word "ziggurat" comes from the Akkadian language, meaning "to build on a raised area." These structures were significant landmarks in ancient cities and symbolized the power and authority of the ruling class.

Explanation

A ziggurat is a pyramidal temple structure that is composed of multiple platforms with outside staircases leading to a shrine at the top. This architectural design was common in ancient Mesopotamia and was used as a religious center. The ziggurat served as a link between the heavens and the earth, and it was believed to be a sacred place where the gods would descend to communicate with humans. The word "ziggurat" comes from the Akkadian language, meaning "to build on a raised area." These structures were significant landmarks in ancient cities and symbolized the power and authority of the ruling class.

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6. An ancient region of southwest Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq. Probably settled before 5000 b.c., the area was the home of numerous early civilizations, including Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria. It declined in importance after Mongol invaders destroyed its extensive irrigation system in a.d. 1258.

Mesopotamia is the correct answer because it refers to the ancient region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq. This region was home to several early civilizations such as Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria. It was settled before 5000 b.c. and experienced a decline in importance after the Mongol invaders destroyed its irrigation system in a.d. 1258.

Explanation

Mesopotamia is the correct answer because it refers to the ancient region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq. This region was home to several early civilizations such as Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria. It was settled before 5000 b.c. and experienced a decline in importance after the Mongol invaders destroyed its irrigation system in a.d. 1258.

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7. The sacred chest that the Hebrews used to carry the ten commandments given to Moses, as told by the Bible?

The correct answer is the Ark of the Covenant. This refers to the sacred chest that the Hebrews used to carry the ten commandments given to Moses, as mentioned in the Bible. The Ark of the Covenant held great religious and historical significance for the Hebrews and was considered a symbol of God's presence among them. It was believed to be a powerful artifact that represented the covenant between God and the Israelites.

Explanation

The correct answer is the Ark of the Covenant. This refers to the sacred chest that the Hebrews used to carry the ten commandments given to Moses, as mentioned in the Bible. The Ark of the Covenant held great religious and historical significance for the Hebrews and was considered a symbol of God's presence among them. It was believed to be a powerful artifact that represented the covenant between God and the Israelites.

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8.

This famous site built circa 72-80 CE is called what?

The correct answer is The Colosseum. The site built circa 72-80 CE is known as The Colosseum. It is a famous ancient amphitheater located in Rome, Italy. The Colosseum is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world and is considered a masterpiece of Roman architecture. It was primarily used for gladiatorial contests and other public spectacles in ancient Rome. Today, it is a popular tourist attraction and a symbol of the grandeur and power of the Roman Empire.

Explanation

The correct answer is The Colosseum. The site built circa 72-80 CE is known as The Colosseum. It is a famous ancient amphitheater located in Rome, Italy. The Colosseum is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world and is considered a masterpiece of Roman architecture. It was primarily used for gladiatorial contests and other public spectacles in ancient Rome. Today, it is a popular tourist attraction and a symbol of the grandeur and power of the Roman Empire.

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9.

This monument to one of Rome's "Five Good Emperors" is called what?

The correct answer is "Column of Trajan". The monument is called the Column of Trajan, which is a famous Roman monument dedicated to the Emperor Trajan. It is a large column located in Rome and is known for its detailed reliefs depicting Trajan's military campaigns.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Column of Trajan". The monument is called the Column of Trajan, which is a famous Roman monument dedicated to the Emperor Trajan. It is a large column located in Rome and is known for its detailed reliefs depicting Trajan's military campaigns.

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10. The Bayeux Tapestry sewn between 1070 and 1080 was commissioned by Bishop Odo of Bayeux to commemorate the conquest of England in 1066 by whom?

The Bayeux Tapestry was commissioned by Bishop Odo of Bayeux to commemorate the conquest of England in 1066. The conqueror was William, duke of Normandy, also known as William the Conqueror.

Explanation

The Bayeux Tapestry was commissioned by Bishop Odo of Bayeux to commemorate the conquest of England in 1066. The conqueror was William, duke of Normandy, also known as William the Conqueror.

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11. The purpose of the _________ ___________ program in all Gothic cathedrals was to tell the stories of the Bible in a compelling way to an audience which was largely illiterate. These works of art were donated by the royal family, noblemen, and by merchant guilds.

The purpose of the stained glass program in all Gothic cathedrals was to tell the stories of the Bible in a compelling way to an audience which was largely illiterate. These works of art were donated by the royal family, noblemen, and by merchant guilds. Stained glass windows were used to depict various scenes from the Bible, allowing the illiterate audience to visually understand and connect with the stories. The vibrant colors and intricate designs of stained glass added a sense of awe and beauty to the cathedrals, enhancing the religious experience for the worshippers.

Explanation

The purpose of the stained glass program in all Gothic cathedrals was to tell the stories of the Bible in a compelling way to an audience which was largely illiterate. These works of art were donated by the royal family, noblemen, and by merchant guilds. Stained glass windows were used to depict various scenes from the Bible, allowing the illiterate audience to visually understand and connect with the stories. The vibrant colors and intricate designs of stained glass added a sense of awe and beauty to the cathedrals, enhancing the religious experience for the worshippers.

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12. Name the title character from the oldest english epic poem? The poem, created sometime between the 8th and 11th centrury, is considered to be one of most important Anglo-Saxon works.

Beowulf is the correct answer because it is the title character of the oldest English epic poem. This poem, which was created between the 8th and 11th century, is highly regarded as one of the most significant Anglo-Saxon works.

Explanation

Beowulf is the correct answer because it is the title character of the oldest English epic poem. This poem, which was created between the 8th and 11th century, is highly regarded as one of the most significant Anglo-Saxon works.

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13. The ______________ order of column is considered the lightest and smallest of the three orders. It is also considerably more elaborate than the other two orders. It's distinguished by it's flowery burst of leaves.

Corinthian

Ionic

Doric

The Corinthian order of column is considered the lightest and smallest of the three orders. It is also considerably more elaborate than the other two orders. It is distinguished by its flowery burst of leaves.

Explanation

The Corinthian order of column is considered the lightest and smallest of the three orders. It is also considerably more elaborate than the other two orders. It is distinguished by its flowery burst of leaves.

14. The set of shared values and behaviours shared by a group of people, developed over time, and passed down from one generation to the next is best defined as:

Community

Culture

History

Songs

Culture refers to the set of shared values and behaviors that are developed and passed down from one generation to the next within a group of people. It encompasses beliefs, customs, traditions, language, arts, and other aspects of a society. Culture plays a significant role in shaping the identity and norms of a community, influencing their social interactions, practices, and way of life. Therefore, culture is the best definition among the given options.

Explanation

Culture refers to the set of shared values and behaviors that are developed and passed down from one generation to the next within a group of people. It encompasses beliefs, customs, traditions, language, arts, and other aspects of a society. Culture plays a significant role in shaping the identity and norms of a community, influencing their social interactions, practices, and way of life. Therefore, culture is the best definition among the given options.

15. Polythiesm means to hold a belief in multiple:

Governments

Gods

Chiefs

Sacred texts

Polytheism refers to the belief in multiple gods. This belief system is characterized by the worship and recognition of numerous deities, each with their own specific powers and responsibilities. Polytheistic religions, such as ancient Greek, Roman, and Hindu religions, often involve rituals, sacrifices, and prayers to different gods for various aspects of life. This stands in contrast to monotheism, which believes in the existence of a single god.

Explanation

Polytheism refers to the belief in multiple gods. This belief system is characterized by the worship and recognition of numerous deities, each with their own specific powers and responsibilities. Polytheistic religions, such as ancient Greek, Roman, and Hindu religions, often involve rituals, sacrifices, and prayers to different gods for various aspects of life. This stands in contrast to monotheism, which believes in the existence of a single god.

16. A form of writing invited by the ancient Egyptians using pictograms, phonograms and determintives meaning "writing of the gods" is called hieroglyphs.

True

False

Hieroglyphs were indeed a form of writing used by the ancient Egyptians. They consisted of pictograms, which represented objects or ideas, as well as phonograms, which represented sounds. Additionally, determinatives were used to clarify the meaning of words. The term "writing of the gods" refers to hieroglyphs because they were believed to be a divine form of communication. Therefore, the statement that hieroglyphs are a form of writing invited by the ancient Egyptians is true.

Explanation

Hieroglyphs were indeed a form of writing used by the ancient Egyptians. They consisted of pictograms, which represented objects or ideas, as well as phonograms, which represented sounds. Additionally, determinatives were used to clarify the meaning of words. The term "writing of the gods" refers to hieroglyphs because they were believed to be a divine form of communication. Therefore, the statement that hieroglyphs are a form of writing invited by the ancient Egyptians is true.

17. _____________ meaning "miadens"was a genre of sculptural renderings that were typically smaller/shorter than their male counter parts. They were probably votive offerings to Athena.

Kouros

Kore

The given correct answer is "kore". The explanation for this is that "kore" refers to a genre of sculptural renderings that were smaller or shorter than their male counterparts. They were often depicted as female figures and were believed to be votive offerings to the goddess Athena.

Explanation

The given correct answer is "kore". The explanation for this is that "kore" refers to a genre of sculptural renderings that were smaller or shorter than their male counterparts. They were often depicted as female figures and were believed to be votive offerings to the goddess Athena.

18. An empire established by Augustus in 27 BC and divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the eastern or Byzantine Empire; at its peak lands in Europe and Africa and Asia were ruled by ancient Rome is commonly called what?

Imperial Rome is the correct answer because it accurately describes the empire established by Augustus in 27 BC. This empire was divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the eastern or Byzantine Empire. At its peak, it ruled over lands in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Therefore, Imperial Rome is the commonly used term to refer to this empire.

Explanation

Imperial Rome is the correct answer because it accurately describes the empire established by Augustus in 27 BC. This empire was divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the eastern or Byzantine Empire. At its peak, it ruled over lands in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Therefore, Imperial Rome is the commonly used term to refer to this empire.

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19. In art, representations that imitate the reality in appearance of natural objects is best defined as:

Naturalism

Abstract

Messianic

Humanism

Naturalism in art refers to the representation of objects in a realistic and lifelike manner, imitating the appearance of nature. It involves capturing the details, proportions, and colors of natural objects with precision, often portraying them as they are seen in real life. Naturalistic art aims to create an accurate depiction of the physical world, emphasizing the observation and imitation of nature. This term is commonly used to describe artworks that closely resemble the natural world, whether it is in painting, sculpture, or other forms of visual art.

Explanation

Naturalism in art refers to the representation of objects in a realistic and lifelike manner, imitating the appearance of nature. It involves capturing the details, proportions, and colors of natural objects with precision, often portraying them as they are seen in real life. Naturalistic art aims to create an accurate depiction of the physical world, emphasizing the observation and imitation of nature. This term is commonly used to describe artworks that closely resemble the natural world, whether it is in painting, sculpture, or other forms of visual art.

20. The principal character(s) in opposition to the main character in a play or literary work is called the _______________.

Sophist

Antagonist

Protagonist

Cyclops

The principal character(s) in opposition to the main character in a play or literary work is called the antagonist. The antagonist serves as a source of conflict and obstacles for the protagonist, creating tension and driving the plot forward. They may have conflicting goals, values, or beliefs, and their actions often directly oppose those of the main character. The presence of an antagonist adds depth and complexity to the story, as the protagonist must overcome their opposition in order to achieve their objectives.

Explanation

The principal character(s) in opposition to the main character in a play or literary work is called the antagonist. The antagonist serves as a source of conflict and obstacles for the protagonist, creating tension and driving the plot forward. They may have conflicting goals, values, or beliefs, and their actions often directly oppose those of the main character. The presence of an antagonist adds depth and complexity to the story, as the protagonist must overcome their opposition in order to achieve their objectives.

21. This is an example of which order of columns?

Doric

Ionic

Corinthian

This question is asking for the order of columns, specifically the type of column known as Corinthian. The correct answer is Corinthian, which is the third and final order of columns in classical architecture, following Doric and Ionic. The Corinthian order is characterized by its ornate capital, featuring acanthus leaves and scrolls.

Explanation

This question is asking for the order of columns, specifically the type of column known as Corinthian. The correct answer is Corinthian, which is the third and final order of columns in classical architecture, following Doric and Ionic. The Corinthian order is characterized by its ornate capital, featuring acanthus leaves and scrolls.

22. This is inner coffin of _________ _______________'s sarcophagus, from his tomb, Valley of the Kings, Western Thebes. Dynasty 18, circa 1335-1327 BCE.

This is the inner coffin of King Tutankamun's sarcophagus, from his tomb in the Valley of the Kings, Western Thebes. It belongs to Dynasty 18 and dates back to circa 1335-1327 BCE.

Explanation

This is the inner coffin of King Tutankamun's sarcophagus, from his tomb in the Valley of the Kings, Western Thebes. It belongs to Dynasty 18 and dates back to circa 1335-1327 BCE.

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23. This type of statuary is usually called ___________. The genre is the celebration of the male body which is distinctly Greek as no other Mediterranean culture emphasized the male nude. These figures date to around 600 BCE.

Korai

Kouros

Kore

Kouriae

The correct answer is Kouros. Kouros is a term used to describe a type of statuary that represents the male body. It is distinctly Greek as no other Mediterranean culture emphasized the male nude. These figures date back to around 600 BCE.

Explanation

The correct answer is Kouros. Kouros is a term used to describe a type of statuary that represents the male body. It is distinctly Greek as no other Mediterranean culture emphasized the male nude. These figures date back to around 600 BCE.

24. In antient Greece, a ____________ was an amusing or light hearted play designed to make its audience laugh.

Comedy

Tragedy

Satyr

Tetralogies

In ancient Greece, a comedy was a type of play that aimed to entertain the audience and make them laugh. These plays typically had humorous plots, witty dialogue, and exaggerated characters. Unlike tragedies, which focused on serious and often tragic events, comedies provided a lighthearted and amusing experience for the spectators. Satyr plays were also a form of comedy, but they had a more bawdy and satirical nature. Tetralogies, on the other hand, were a series of four connected plays, usually consisting of three tragedies and one satyr play.

Explanation

In ancient Greece, a comedy was a type of play that aimed to entertain the audience and make them laugh. These plays typically had humorous plots, witty dialogue, and exaggerated characters. Unlike tragedies, which focused on serious and often tragic events, comedies provided a lighthearted and amusing experience for the spectators. Satyr plays were also a form of comedy, but they had a more bawdy and satirical nature. Tetralogies, on the other hand, were a series of four connected plays, usually consisting of three tragedies and one satyr play.

25. In ancient Greece, a _____________ often explored the physical and moral depths to which human life can descend.

Comedy

Tragedy

Satyr

Tetralogies

In ancient Greece, a tragedy often explored the physical and moral depths to which human life can descend. Tragedies were dramatic plays that depicted the downfall of a noble or heroic character, usually due to a fatal flaw or a combination of circumstances. They often dealt with themes of fate, hubris, and the consequences of actions. Tragedies aimed to evoke pity and fear in the audience and were considered to be a serious and profound form of storytelling.

Explanation

In ancient Greece, a tragedy often explored the physical and moral depths to which human life can descend. Tragedies were dramatic plays that depicted the downfall of a noble or heroic character, usually due to a fatal flaw or a combination of circumstances. They often dealt with themes of fate, hubris, and the consequences of actions. Tragedies aimed to evoke pity and fear in the audience and were considered to be a serious and profound form of storytelling.

26. This is an example of which order of columns?

Doric

Ionic

Corinthian

This question is asking for the order of columns, specifically in relation to the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian styles. The correct answer is "Ionic," which suggests that the Ionic order is the second in the sequence, following the Doric order and preceding the Corinthian order.

Explanation

This question is asking for the order of columns, specifically in relation to the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian styles. The correct answer is "Ionic," which suggests that the Ionic order is the second in the sequence, following the Doric order and preceding the Corinthian order.

27.

The above peice, from tomb 779, cemetery at Ur (modern Muqaiyir, Iraq), circa 2600 BCE is titled what?

Royal Standard of Ur

Royal Pillow of Ur

Standard Pillow of Ur

Royal Happiness of Ur

The correct answer is "Royal Standard of Ur". The given piece from tomb 779 in the cemetery at Ur is titled as the Royal Standard of Ur. This artifact, dating back to circa 2600 BCE, is a significant archaeological find from ancient Mesopotamia. It is a wooden box-shaped object with intricate mosaics depicting scenes of war, peace, and various aspects of life in Ur. The term "standard" refers to a type of ceremonial object or flag used in ancient times, and the "Royal" signifies its association with the ruling elite of Ur.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Royal Standard of Ur". The given piece from tomb 779 in the cemetery at Ur is titled as the Royal Standard of Ur. This artifact, dating back to circa 2600 BCE, is a significant archaeological find from ancient Mesopotamia. It is a wooden box-shaped object with intricate mosaics depicting scenes of war, peace, and various aspects of life in Ur. The term "standard" refers to a type of ceremonial object or flag used in ancient times, and the "Royal" signifies its association with the ruling elite of Ur.

28. Goddess of war, but also, through her association with Athens, of civilization; the daughter of Zeus, born from his head. Often helmeted, shield and spear in hand. The owl and the olive tree are sacred to her.

Aphrodite

Athena

Demeter

Persephone

The given description mentions that the goddess is associated with war and civilization, and is the daughter of Zeus. She is often depicted with a helmet, shield, and spear, which are symbols of war. Additionally, the owl and the olive tree are sacred to her. Based on these characteristics, the correct answer is Athena, who is known as the goddess of wisdom, warfare, and civilization in Greek mythology.

Explanation

The given description mentions that the goddess is associated with war and civilization, and is the daughter of Zeus. She is often depicted with a helmet, shield, and spear, which are symbols of war. Additionally, the owl and the olive tree are sacred to her. Based on these characteristics, the correct answer is Athena, who is known as the goddess of wisdom, warfare, and civilization in Greek mythology.

29. The main character in a play or other literary work is called the ______________.

Sophist

Antagonist

Protagonist

Cyclops

A protagonist is the main character in a play or literary work. They are usually the central figure around whom the story revolves, and their actions and decisions drive the plot forward. The protagonist is often the character with whom the audience or readers sympathize and connect the most, and their journey and development are key elements of the narrative.

Explanation

A protagonist is the main character in a play or literary work. They are usually the central figure around whom the story revolves, and their actions and decisions drive the plot forward. The protagonist is often the character with whom the audience or readers sympathize and connect the most, and their journey and development are key elements of the narrative.

30.

After the Persians destoryed Athens in 479 BCE, the entire city, including this site had to be rebuilt. What is the name of this place?

The Fortress

The Overlook

The Acropolis

The Acromonion

After the Persians destroyed Athens in 479 BCE, the entire city had to be rebuilt. The Acropolis is the name of the place that had to be rebuilt. The Acropolis is a famous ancient citadel located on a rocky outcrop above the city of Athens. It is home to several ancient buildings and structures, including the Parthenon, which is one of the most famous landmarks in Greece. The Acropolis holds great historical and cultural significance and is considered a symbol of ancient Greek civilization.

Explanation

After the Persians destroyed Athens in 479 BCE, the entire city had to be rebuilt. The Acropolis is the name of the place that had to be rebuilt. The Acropolis is a famous ancient citadel located on a rocky outcrop above the city of Athens. It is home to several ancient buildings and structures, including the Parthenon, which is one of the most famous landmarks in Greece. The Acropolis holds great historical and cultural significance and is considered a symbol of ancient Greek civilization.

31. The king of the gods and master of the sky, usually bearded and associated with the eagle and the thunder bolt.

Ares

Apollo

Zeus

Hermes

Zeus is the correct answer because he is commonly known as the king of the gods and is associated with the sky. He is often depicted with a beard and is symbolized by the eagle and the thunderbolt. Ares is the god of war, Apollo is the god of the sun, and Hermes is the messenger of the gods, so they do not fit the description given in the question.

Explanation

Zeus is the correct answer because he is commonly known as the king of the gods and is associated with the sky. He is often depicted with a beard and is symbolized by the eagle and the thunderbolt. Ares is the god of war, Apollo is the god of the sun, and Hermes is the messenger of the gods, so they do not fit the description given in the question.

32. ____________ meaning "young man" was a widespread genre of sculpture that celebrated the male body. The celebration of the nude male form is distinctly Greek.

Kouros

Kore

The correct answer is "kouros." Kouros refers to a widespread genre of sculpture in ancient Greece that specifically depicted young men. These sculptures celebrated the male body in its nude form, highlighting the idealized beauty and strength of the male physique. The term "kouros" is derived from Greek and signifies a young man. This genre of sculpture was prevalent in Greek art and played a significant role in their artistic expression and cultural ideals.

Explanation

The correct answer is "kouros." Kouros refers to a widespread genre of sculpture in ancient Greece that specifically depicted young men. These sculptures celebrated the male body in its nude form, highlighting the idealized beauty and strength of the male physique. The term "kouros" is derived from Greek and signifies a young man. This genre of sculpture was prevalent in Greek art and played a significant role in their artistic expression and cultural ideals.

33. Built circa 1300 BCE this gate found in Mycenae Greece is called what?

Dwarf's Gate

Peasant's Gate

Lion Gate

Tiger Gate

The correct answer is Lion Gate. The Lion Gate is a famous archaeological site in Mycenae, Greece, built around 1300 BCE. It is named after the two large lion sculptures that guard the entrance of the gate. The gate is significant because it is one of the best-preserved examples of Mycenaean architecture and is considered a symbol of the Mycenaean civilization.

Explanation

The correct answer is Lion Gate. The Lion Gate is a famous archaeological site in Mycenae, Greece, built around 1300 BCE. It is named after the two large lion sculptures that guard the entrance of the gate. The gate is significant because it is one of the best-preserved examples of Mycenaean architecture and is considered a symbol of the Mycenaean civilization.

34. A heavy cloth woven with rich, often varicolored designs or scenes, usually hung on walls for decoration and sometimes used to cover furniture.

Painting

Mosaic

Tapestry

Carving

A tapestry is a heavy cloth woven with rich, often varicolored designs or scenes, usually hung on walls for decoration and sometimes used to cover furniture. This definition perfectly matches the given description, making tapestry the correct answer. Painting, mosaic, and carving are all different art forms that do not involve the use of heavy cloth with woven designs.

Explanation

A tapestry is a heavy cloth woven with rich, often varicolored designs or scenes, usually hung on walls for decoration and sometimes used to cover furniture. This definition perfectly matches the given description, making tapestry the correct answer. Painting, mosaic, and carving are all different art forms that do not involve the use of heavy cloth with woven designs.

35. What ancient Roman site could hold more than 50,000 spectators, employed the newly invented concrete in it's 76 vaulted arcades, had a wooden floor which could be flooded for mock sea battles, and each level employed a different architectual order?

The Parthenon

The Pantheon

The Colosseum

The Forum

The correct answer is the Colosseum. The Colosseum is an ancient Roman site that could hold more than 50,000 spectators. It employed the newly invented concrete in its 76 vaulted arcades, which allowed for its impressive size and durability. The Colosseum also had a wooden floor that could be flooded for mock sea battles, adding to its versatility and entertainment value. Additionally, each level of the Colosseum employed a different architectural order, showcasing the architectural skills and diversity of the Roman Empire.

Explanation

The correct answer is the Colosseum. The Colosseum is an ancient Roman site that could hold more than 50,000 spectators. It employed the newly invented concrete in its 76 vaulted arcades, which allowed for its impressive size and durability. The Colosseum also had a wooden floor that could be flooded for mock sea battles, adding to its versatility and entertainment value. Additionally, each level of the Colosseum employed a different architectural order, showcasing the architectural skills and diversity of the Roman Empire.

36. This is formed when a round arch is extended and supported by buttresses.

Gothic arch

Barrel vault

Groin vault

Buttress vault

A barrel vault is formed when a round arch is extended and supported by buttresses. This architectural structure is characterized by a series of semi-circular arches placed side by side, creating a long, continuous roof or ceiling. The barrel vault provides strength and stability to the structure, allowing for the distribution of weight and the support of heavy loads. It is commonly found in Gothic architecture, where it was used to cover large spaces such as cathedrals and churches.

Explanation

A barrel vault is formed when a round arch is extended and supported by buttresses. This architectural structure is characterized by a series of semi-circular arches placed side by side, creating a long, continuous roof or ceiling. The barrel vault provides strength and stability to the structure, allowing for the distribution of weight and the support of heavy loads. It is commonly found in Gothic architecture, where it was used to cover large spaces such as cathedrals and churches.

37. ______________ was originally a derogatory term for this style of architecture. It was believed that the classical traditions had been destroyed by Germanic invaders. It began springing up in town after town in France in the twelfth century. It is distinctive because of the pointed arches, flying buttresses, and the ribbed vaults it displays.

Romanesque

Gothic

Modern

Frakenstein

Gothic architecture was originally a derogatory term for this style of architecture. It was believed that the classical traditions had been destroyed by Germanic invaders. It began springing up in town after town in France in the twelfth century. Gothic architecture is distinctive because of the pointed arches, flying buttresses, and the ribbed vaults it displays.

Explanation

Gothic architecture was originally a derogatory term for this style of architecture. It was believed that the classical traditions had been destroyed by Germanic invaders. It began springing up in town after town in France in the twelfth century. Gothic architecture is distinctive because of the pointed arches, flying buttresses, and the ribbed vaults it displays.

38. The period when humans grouped together in small societies such asbands, and subsisted by gathering plants and hunting or scavenging wild animals, and used stone tools is best defined as:

Neolithic Era

Paleolithic Era

Mesolithic Era

Common Age

The Paleolithic Era refers to the time period when humans lived in small societies, relied on gathering plants and hunting or scavenging wild animals for sustenance, and used stone tools. This era is characterized by the development of early human culture and the use of basic tools made from stone. During this time, humans were nomadic and had not yet developed agriculture or settled communities.

Explanation

The Paleolithic Era refers to the time period when humans lived in small societies, relied on gathering plants and hunting or scavenging wild animals for sustenance, and used stone tools. This era is characterized by the development of early human culture and the use of basic tools made from stone. During this time, humans were nomadic and had not yet developed agriculture or settled communities.

39. The oldest story ever recorded is about a Sumerian king named ___________.

Ishtar

Iliad

Homer

Gilgamesh

The correct answer is Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh is considered to be the oldest recorded story in human history. It is an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia, specifically Sumeria, which tells the tale of Gilgamesh, a legendary king. The story explores themes of heroism, friendship, and the search for immortality. It is believed to have been written around 2100 BCE and provides valuable insights into the culture and beliefs of the Sumerian civilization.

Explanation

The correct answer is Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh is considered to be the oldest recorded story in human history. It is an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia, specifically Sumeria, which tells the tale of Gilgamesh, a legendary king. The story explores themes of heroism, friendship, and the search for immortality. It is believed to have been written around 2100 BCE and provides valuable insights into the culture and beliefs of the Sumerian civilization.

40. Which Fertile Crescent culture was monotheistic and forced out of their homeland in about 2000 BCE?

Egyptians

Hebrews

Akkadians

Sumarians

The Hebrews were a Fertile Crescent culture that was monotheistic and forced out of their homeland around 2000 BCE. This refers to the biblical account of the Hebrews' exodus from Egypt and their journey to Canaan. The Hebrews' monotheistic beliefs, centered around the worship of one God, set them apart from other cultures in the region. The Hebrews' expulsion from their homeland is a significant event in their history and is documented in the biblical book of Exodus.

Explanation

The Hebrews were a Fertile Crescent culture that was monotheistic and forced out of their homeland around 2000 BCE. This refers to the biblical account of the Hebrews' exodus from Egypt and their journey to Canaan. The Hebrews' monotheistic beliefs, centered around the worship of one God, set them apart from other cultures in the region. The Hebrews' expulsion from their homeland is a significant event in their history and is documented in the biblical book of Exodus.

41.

The object seen here is know as what? (from Hierakonpolis, Dynasty 1, circa 3000 BCE)

Narmer's Palette

Palette of Narmer

Ritual disc

Ritual shield

The object seen here is known as the Palette of Narmer. The Palette of Narmer is an ancient Egyptian artifact from the First Dynasty, dating back to around 3000 BCE. It is a ceremonial palette that was used for grinding and mixing cosmetics. The palette is decorated with intricate carvings depicting scenes of Narmer, a pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period, engaged in various rituals and battles. The palette is significant because it provides valuable insights into the early development of Egyptian art and symbolism.

Explanation

The object seen here is known as the Palette of Narmer. The Palette of Narmer is an ancient Egyptian artifact from the First Dynasty, dating back to around 3000 BCE. It is a ceremonial palette that was used for grinding and mixing cosmetics. The palette is decorated with intricate carvings depicting scenes of Narmer, a pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period, engaged in various rituals and battles. The palette is significant because it provides valuable insights into the early development of Egyptian art and symbolism.

42. This is an example of which order of columns?

Doric

Ionic

Corinthian

The given answer is Doric. The question is asking about the order of columns, and the options provided are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Doric is one of the three classical orders of ancient Greek and Roman architecture, characterized by its simple and sturdy design. It is known for its plain, fluted columns with no base and a simple capital consisting of a rounded echinus and a square abacus. The Doric order is the oldest and most basic of the three orders, and it is often associated with strength and masculinity.

Explanation

The given answer is Doric. The question is asking about the order of columns, and the options provided are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Doric is one of the three classical orders of ancient Greek and Roman architecture, characterized by its simple and sturdy design. It is known for its plain, fluted columns with no base and a simple capital consisting of a rounded echinus and a square abacus. The Doric order is the oldest and most basic of the three orders, and it is often associated with strength and masculinity.

43. This image is found where?

Lascaux Cave, Dordogen France

Susa, southwest Iran

Chauvet Cave, Vallon-Pond-d;arc, Ardeche gorge, France

The correct answer is Lascaux Cave, Dordogen France. This is because the image is found in the Lascaux Cave in Dordogne, France. The Lascaux Cave is famous for its prehistoric cave paintings, which date back to the Upper Paleolithic period. The cave is known for its well-preserved and intricate paintings of animals, including horses, deer, and bulls. These paintings provide valuable insights into the lives and artistic abilities of our ancient ancestors.

Explanation

The correct answer is Lascaux Cave, Dordogen France. This is because the image is found in the Lascaux Cave in Dordogne, France. The Lascaux Cave is famous for its prehistoric cave paintings, which date back to the Upper Paleolithic period. The cave is known for its well-preserved and intricate paintings of animals, including horses, deer, and bulls. These paintings provide valuable insights into the lives and artistic abilities of our ancient ancestors.

44. This amphora (Greek jar with an egg shaped body and two curved handles used for storing oil or wine) dating back to circa 540-530 BCE is entitled what?

Baskin Robins amphora

Botkin Class amphora

Basketball Hoop amphora

Botany Class amphora

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

45.

Located at Epidaurus, Greece, this _______________ dates back to the early 3rd century BCE. It is renowned for it's democratic design - not only is every viewer equally well situated, but the acoustics of the space are unparalleled. A person sitting in the very top row can hear a pin drop on the orchestra floor.

Arena

Theater

Stage

Forum

The correct answer is theater. The passage describes a structure in Epidaurus, Greece, that dates back to the early 3rd century BCE and is known for its democratic design and exceptional acoustics. The word "theater" is the most appropriate choice as it refers to a venue specifically designed for performing arts, including plays, musicals, and other live performances. The other options, such as arena, stage, and forum, do not fully capture the characteristics mentioned in the passage.

Explanation

The correct answer is theater. The passage describes a structure in Epidaurus, Greece, that dates back to the early 3rd century BCE and is known for its democratic design and exceptional acoustics. The word "theater" is the most appropriate choice as it refers to a venue specifically designed for performing arts, including plays, musicals, and other live performances. The other options, such as arena, stage, and forum, do not fully capture the characteristics mentioned in the passage.

46.

The name of this figure is?

Venus of Vienna

Venus of Neolith

Venus of Lawrenceville

Venus of Willendorf

The correct answer is Venus of Willendorf. The Venus of Willendorf is a small figurine depicting a woman, believed to be a fertility symbol. It was discovered in Willendorf, Austria in 1908 and is estimated to have been created around 25,000 years ago. The figurine is made of limestone and is notable for its exaggerated features, such as the large breasts, belly, and thighs. It is considered an important artifact in the field of archaeology and provides insight into the beliefs and culture of prehistoric societies.

Explanation

The correct answer is Venus of Willendorf. The Venus of Willendorf is a small figurine depicting a woman, believed to be a fertility symbol. It was discovered in Willendorf, Austria in 1908 and is estimated to have been created around 25,000 years ago. The figurine is made of limestone and is notable for its exaggerated features, such as the large breasts, belly, and thighs. It is considered an important artifact in the field of archaeology and provides insight into the beliefs and culture of prehistoric societies.

47. Born to aristocratic parents in the provence of Shandong in 551 BCE, this person had begun teaching a way of life based on self discipline and proper relations among people. Traditional Chinese values such as self control, propriety and respect for one's elders lie at the core of this system. Who is this person?

Buddah

Confucius

Shiva

Tutankamun

Confucius is the correct answer to this question. Confucius was born in Shandong in 551 BCE and is known for teaching a way of life based on self-discipline and proper relations among people. His teachings emphasized traditional Chinese values such as self-control, propriety, and respect for one's elders. Confucius had a significant influence on Chinese culture and philosophy, and his teachings continue to be influential today.

Explanation

Confucius is the correct answer to this question. Confucius was born in Shandong in 551 BCE and is known for teaching a way of life based on self-discipline and proper relations among people. His teachings emphasized traditional Chinese values such as self-control, propriety, and respect for one's elders. Confucius had a significant influence on Chinese culture and philosophy, and his teachings continue to be influential today.

48.

This type of arch is called what?

Round arch

Barrel arch

Roman arch

Greek arch

The correct answer is round arch. A round arch is a type of arch that forms a complete circle. It is commonly used in architecture and engineering to provide structural support and distribute weight evenly. This type of arch is known for its stability and ability to withstand heavy loads, making it a popular choice in many historical and modern buildings.

Explanation

The correct answer is round arch. A round arch is a type of arch that forms a complete circle. It is commonly used in architecture and engineering to provide structural support and distribute weight evenly. This type of arch is known for its stability and ability to withstand heavy loads, making it a popular choice in many historical and modern buildings.

49. The law code of Hammurabi survives on a giant structure know as what? (created in Susa, modern Shush, Iran, circa 1760 BCE) It records decisions or decrees made by Hamurabi over 40 years of his reign.

Stele of Law

Stele of Shamash

Stele of Hammurabi

Stele of Babylon

The correct answer is "Stele of Hammurabi." The Stele of Hammurabi is a giant structure that was created in Susa, modern Shush, Iran, around 1760 BCE. It serves as a record of decisions or decrees made by Hammurabi during his 40-year reign.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Stele of Hammurabi." The Stele of Hammurabi is a giant structure that was created in Susa, modern Shush, Iran, around 1760 BCE. It serves as a record of decisions or decrees made by Hammurabi during his 40-year reign.

50. The ______________ order of column is considered more elegant in detail, it's capital characterized by a scroll like motif.

Corinthian

Ionic

Doric

The Ionic order of column is considered more elegant in detail, with its capital characterized by a scroll-like motif. This style of column is known for its graceful and ornate design, featuring volutes or spiral scrolls on the capital. The Ionic order is often associated with a sense of sophistication and refinement, making it a popular choice in classical architecture.

Explanation

The Ionic order of column is considered more elegant in detail, with its capital characterized by a scroll-like motif. This style of column is known for its graceful and ornate design, featuring volutes or spiral scrolls on the capital. The Ionic order is often associated with a sense of sophistication and refinement, making it a popular choice in classical architecture.

51.

The ziggurat at Ur, modern Muqaiyir, Iraq was built when?

Circa 1200 BCE

Circa 2100 BCE

Circa 1200 CE

Circa 2100 CE

The ziggurat at Ur, modern Muqaiyir, Iraq was built circa 2100 BCE. This is based on historical and archaeological evidence that suggests the construction of the ziggurat during the Early Bronze Age in Mesopotamia. The ziggurat served as a religious and administrative center in the city of Ur, and its construction during this time period aligns with the flourishing of the Sumerian civilization in the region.

Explanation

The ziggurat at Ur, modern Muqaiyir, Iraq was built circa 2100 BCE. This is based on historical and archaeological evidence that suggests the construction of the ziggurat during the Early Bronze Age in Mesopotamia. The ziggurat served as a religious and administrative center in the city of Ur, and its construction during this time period aligns with the flourishing of the Sumerian civilization in the region.

52. The ___________ order of column is considered sturdy and simple. It is also the heaviest of columns.

Corinthian

Ionic

Doric

The Doric order of column is considered sturdy and simple. It is characterized by its plain, unadorned design and is known for its heavy and solid appearance. The Doric order is the oldest and most basic of the three classical orders of architecture. It is typically used in ancient Greek and Roman buildings, and its simplicity and strength make it suitable for supporting heavy structures.

Explanation

The Doric order of column is considered sturdy and simple. It is characterized by its plain, unadorned design and is known for its heavy and solid appearance. The Doric order is the oldest and most basic of the three classical orders of architecture. It is typically used in ancient Greek and Roman buildings, and its simplicity and strength make it suitable for supporting heavy structures.

53. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) was a Dominican monk who is partially credited with creating a brand of theological inquiry which was not so much a philosophy or a theology as a method of learning, it places a strong emphasis on dialectical reasoning to extend knowledge by inference, and to resolve contradictions. What is this method called?

Introspection

Scholasticism

Day Dreaming

Rationalization

Scholasticism is the correct answer because it refers to the method of learning and inquiry that Thomas Aquinas is credited with creating. Scholasticism emphasizes dialectical reasoning, which is the process of using logical arguments and evidence to extend knowledge and resolve contradictions. It is a distinct approach to learning that combines philosophy and theology in order to understand and interpret religious teachings.

Explanation

Scholasticism is the correct answer because it refers to the method of learning and inquiry that Thomas Aquinas is credited with creating. Scholasticism emphasizes dialectical reasoning, which is the process of using logical arguments and evidence to extend knowledge and resolve contradictions. It is a distinct approach to learning that combines philosophy and theology in order to understand and interpret religious teachings.

54. In ancient Greece, ________ were a category of teachers who specialized in using the tools of philosophy and rhetoric for the purpose of teaching arete - excellence, or virtue - predominantly to young statesmen and nobility.

Humanists

Thespians

Sophists

Pre-Socratics

Sophists were a specific group of teachers in ancient Greece who focused on using philosophy and rhetoric to teach excellence or virtue, particularly to young statesmen and nobility. They were known for their skills in persuasive speaking and argumentation, and their teachings often emphasized practical knowledge and the art of persuasion rather than seeking ultimate truth or knowledge. This answer is correct because it accurately identifies the group of teachers who specialized in teaching arete to the target audience.

Explanation

Sophists were a specific group of teachers in ancient Greece who focused on using philosophy and rhetoric to teach excellence or virtue, particularly to young statesmen and nobility. They were known for their skills in persuasive speaking and argumentation, and their teachings often emphasized practical knowledge and the art of persuasion rather than seeking ultimate truth or knowledge. This answer is correct because it accurately identifies the group of teachers who specialized in teaching arete to the target audience.

55. A distinctive kind of monumental stone architecture that were constructed without the use of mortar and represent the most basic form of architectural contrstuction.

Pyramid

Ziggurat

Megalith

Cave

Megaliths are a distinctive kind of monumental stone architecture that were constructed without the use of mortar. They represent the most basic form of architectural construction as they consist of large stones that are stacked or arranged in a specific way to create structures such as tombs, dolmens, or stone circles. These structures were built by ancient civilizations and are often associated with religious or ceremonial purposes. The term "megalith" itself means "large stone" and refers to the size and significance of these structures.

Explanation

Megaliths are a distinctive kind of monumental stone architecture that were constructed without the use of mortar. They represent the most basic form of architectural construction as they consist of large stones that are stacked or arranged in a specific way to create structures such as tombs, dolmens, or stone circles. These structures were built by ancient civilizations and are often associated with religious or ceremonial purposes. The term "megalith" itself means "large stone" and refers to the size and significance of these structures.

56. The _________________ _____ was ushered in when Alexander the Great defeated the forces of Athens and Thebes and unified Greece. Alexander established the greatest empire in the known world. Aristotle taught that by observing the material world one could come to know universal truths. The art of this period displayed a sense of animation, drama and psychological complexity.

Golden Era

Hellenistic Age

Peaceful Period

Philosopher's Rule

The correct answer is Hellenistic Age. The Hellenistic Age refers to the period of time after Alexander the Great's conquests when Greek culture spread throughout the known world. This era was characterized by a blending of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and other cultures, resulting in a rich and diverse artistic and intellectual landscape. The art of this period often depicted dynamic and emotional scenes, reflecting the influence of Greek drama and philosophy. The Hellenistic Age was a time of great cultural and intellectual flourishing, making it the most fitting answer for the given description.

Explanation

The correct answer is Hellenistic Age. The Hellenistic Age refers to the period of time after Alexander the Great's conquests when Greek culture spread throughout the known world. This era was characterized by a blending of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and other cultures, resulting in a rich and diverse artistic and intellectual landscape. The art of this period often depicted dynamic and emotional scenes, reflecting the influence of Greek drama and philosophy. The Hellenistic Age was a time of great cultural and intellectual flourishing, making it the most fitting answer for the given description.

57. This place is a flat-topped rock that rises 150 m (490 ft) above sea level in the city of Athens with a surface area of about 3 hectacres. It served as the city's citadel (a fortress meant for protecting a town).

Acropolis

Parthenon

Theater

Sanctuary

The correct answer is Acropolis. The description provided matches the characteristics of the Acropolis in Athens. It is a flat-topped rock that rises above sea level, serving as the city's citadel. The Acropolis has a surface area of about 3 hectares and is home to iconic structures such as the Parthenon.

Explanation

The correct answer is Acropolis. The description provided matches the characteristics of the Acropolis in Athens. It is a flat-topped rock that rises above sea level, serving as the city's citadel. The Acropolis has a surface area of about 3 hectares and is home to iconic structures such as the Parthenon.

58. The architectural ornament consisting of a horizontal sculptured band between the architrave and the cornice is called what?

Metope

Frieze

Pediment

A frieze is a horizontal sculptured band that is located between the architrave and the cornice in architecture. It is a decorative element that can feature various designs, such as reliefs or carvings. The frieze is an important component of classical architecture and can be found in buildings such as temples or public buildings. It adds visual interest and detail to the overall design of the structure.

Explanation

A frieze is a horizontal sculptured band that is located between the architrave and the cornice in architecture. It is a decorative element that can feature various designs, such as reliefs or carvings. The frieze is an important component of classical architecture and can be found in buildings such as temples or public buildings. It adds visual interest and detail to the overall design of the structure.

59. This monument was built to give thanks to Athena for the salvation of Athens and Greece in the Persian wars, but it was also a tangible sign of the power and might of the Athenian state. It is the centerpiece of the Acropolis. It's architects, Ictinus and Callicrates, used the Doric order in it's perfect form. Construction was concluded in 432 BCE.

Temple of Athena Nike

Parthenon

Alter of Zeus

Pantheon

The Parthenon is the correct answer because it was built to give thanks to Athena for the salvation of Athens and Greece in the Persian wars. It also served as a symbol of the power and might of the Athenian state. The architects of the Parthenon, Ictinus and Callicrates, used the Doric order in its perfect form. Construction of the Parthenon was completed in 432 BCE.

Explanation

The Parthenon is the correct answer because it was built to give thanks to Athena for the salvation of Athens and Greece in the Persian wars. It also served as a symbol of the power and might of the Athenian state. The architects of the Parthenon, Ictinus and Callicrates, used the Doric order in its perfect form. Construction of the Parthenon was completed in 432 BCE.

60.

This marble figure entitled Figurine of a Woman from the Cyclades was created when?

Circa 10,000 BCE

Circa 2500 BCE

Circa 200 BCE

Circa 2012

The correct answer is circa 2500 BCE. This is because the figurine of a woman from the Cyclades was created around this time period. The use of the term "circa" indicates that the exact date is not known, but it is estimated to be around 2500 BCE.

Explanation

The correct answer is circa 2500 BCE. This is because the figurine of a woman from the Cyclades was created around this time period. The use of the term "circa" indicates that the exact date is not known, but it is estimated to be around 2500 BCE.

61. This culture flourished on Crete after the collapse of Knossos from about 1450 BCE. They lived in communities surrounding fortified hilltops and battle and hunting scenes dominate their art. They were essentially feudal in nature. They engaged in trade, especially for copper and tin to make bronze.

Minoan culture

Mycenean culture

Cycladic culture

The correct answer is Minoan culture. The Minoan culture flourished on Crete after the collapse of Knossos around 1450 BCE. They lived in communities surrounding fortified hilltops and their art often depicted battle and hunting scenes. The Minoans were known for their trade, particularly for copper and tin which they used to make bronze. They were essentially feudal in nature, with a hierarchical social structure.

Explanation

The correct answer is Minoan culture. The Minoan culture flourished on Crete after the collapse of Knossos around 1450 BCE. They lived in communities surrounding fortified hilltops and their art often depicted battle and hunting scenes. The Minoans were known for their trade, particularly for copper and tin which they used to make bronze. They were essentially feudal in nature, with a hierarchical social structure.

62. Considered the most complete artistic statement of Rome's military character consisting of a spiral of 150 seperate scenes from his mitary campagin in Dacia, this monument is a tribute to one of the so called "Five Good Emprerors". Built in approximately 106-113 CE.

The Arch of Titus

The Column of Trajan

The Column of Nero

The Arch of Ceasar

The correct answer is the Column of Trajan. The given description mentions that the monument consists of a spiral of 150 separate scenes from his military campaign in Dacia, which aligns with the historical facts about the Column of Trajan. This monument is indeed considered a tribute to one of the "Five Good Emperors" and was built during the mentioned time period in the answer.

Explanation

The correct answer is the Column of Trajan. The given description mentions that the monument consists of a spiral of 150 separate scenes from his military campaign in Dacia, which aligns with the historical facts about the Column of Trajan. This monument is indeed considered a tribute to one of the "Five Good Emperors" and was built during the mentioned time period in the answer.

63. Built in Rome circa 118-125 CE, this site's name literally translates to "all gods" or a temple for all the gods.

The Pantheon

The Parthenon

The Colosseum

The Forum

The correct answer is The Pantheon. The Pantheon is a famous ancient Roman temple located in Rome, Italy. It was built between 118 and 125 CE and is known for its impressive dome. The name "Pantheon" translates to "all gods," indicating that it was intended as a place of worship for all the gods in the Roman pantheon. The Pantheon is considered a remarkable architectural achievement and is still standing today, attracting millions of visitors each year.

Explanation

The correct answer is The Pantheon. The Pantheon is a famous ancient Roman temple located in Rome, Italy. It was built between 118 and 125 CE and is known for its impressive dome. The name "Pantheon" translates to "all gods," indicating that it was intended as a place of worship for all the gods in the Roman pantheon. The Pantheon is considered a remarkable architectural achievement and is still standing today, attracting millions of visitors each year.

64. The Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy in Conques, Auvergne, France built circa 1050-1120 is significant for being the oldest of the pilgrimage churches. It is one of the earliest examples of a style of architecture "in the manner of Romans" called ______________.

Gothic

Romanesque

Greek

Romantical

The Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy in Conques, Auvergne, France, built circa 1050-1120, is significant for being the oldest of the pilgrimage churches. It is one of the earliest examples of a style of architecture called "Romanesque." Romanesque architecture was characterized by thick walls, rounded arches, and small windows, and it drew inspiration from Roman architecture. This style was prevalent during the medieval period and is known for its grandeur and solidity. The Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy is a prime example of this architectural style and its historical significance.

Explanation

The Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy in Conques, Auvergne, France, built circa 1050-1120, is significant for being the oldest of the pilgrimage churches. It is one of the earliest examples of a style of architecture called "Romanesque." Romanesque architecture was characterized by thick walls, rounded arches, and small windows, and it drew inspiration from Roman architecture. This style was prevalent during the medieval period and is known for its grandeur and solidity. The Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy is a prime example of this architectural style and its historical significance.

65.

This figure was created when?

8,000-5,000 BCE

15,000-13,000 BCE

25,000-20,000 BCE

18,000-16,000 BCE

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

66. This music introduced the possibility of polyphony as opposed to the monophonic quality of Gregorian chants.

Monastic

Choral

Rap

A Capella

Choral music refers to music that is performed by a choir or a group of singers. This type of music allows for multiple voices or parts to be sung simultaneously, creating a polyphonic texture. In contrast, Gregorian chants, which are monophonic, consist of a single melodic line without any accompanying harmonies. Therefore, choral music introduced the possibility of polyphony, allowing for a richer and more complex musical texture.

Explanation

Choral music refers to music that is performed by a choir or a group of singers. This type of music allows for multiple voices or parts to be sung simultaneously, creating a polyphonic texture. In contrast, Gregorian chants, which are monophonic, consist of a single melodic line without any accompanying harmonies. Therefore, choral music introduced the possibility of polyphony, allowing for a richer and more complex musical texture.

67. The Equestrian statue of ____________, created in the early 9th century of bronze with trace gilt was in celebration of this leader who brought one after another pagan tribes to submitting forcing them to give up their brand of Christianity and submit to Rome's Nicene Creed. For this, he was given the title of Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day in 800.

Mark Anthony

Nero

Charlemagne

Pope John IV

The correct answer is Charlemagne. The equestrian statue was created in the early 9th century to celebrate Charlemagne, who brought pagan tribes to submit to Rome's Nicene Creed and forced them to give up their brand of Christianity. Charlemagne was given the title of Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day in 800.

Explanation

The correct answer is Charlemagne. The equestrian statue was created in the early 9th century to celebrate Charlemagne, who brought pagan tribes to submit to Rome's Nicene Creed and forced them to give up their brand of Christianity. Charlemagne was given the title of Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day in 800.

68. These statues found in Chartres Cathedral are called what? (specific genre of statue)

Monastic statues

Religious statues

Jamb statues

Gothic statues

The statues found in Chartres Cathedral are called jamb statues. These statues are specifically located on the jambs, which are the vertical sides of a doorway or window. Jamb statues are a common feature in Gothic architecture and are often used to depict religious figures or scenes. They serve as decorative elements and also have symbolic significance in religious contexts.

Explanation

The statues found in Chartres Cathedral are called jamb statues. These statues are specifically located on the jambs, which are the vertical sides of a doorway or window. Jamb statues are a common feature in Gothic architecture and are often used to depict religious figures or scenes. They serve as decorative elements and also have symbolic significance in religious contexts.

69. This is the site of the best preserved of all Greek theaters, built in the early third century BCE.

Athens

Sparta

Epidaurus

Lawrenceville

Epidaurus is the best preserved Greek theater, built in the early third century BCE.

Explanation

Epidaurus is the best preserved Greek theater, built in the early third century BCE.

70.

This image, taken from Liber Scivias, circa 1150-1200, which contained 33 visionary tracts which were acknowledged by the church as divine, depicts _____________'s Vision.

Mary

Hildegard

Helga

Joan of Arc

The image, taken from Liber Scivias, depicts Hildegard's Vision. Liber Scivias is a collection of visionary tracts that were considered divine by the church. Hildegard of Bingen, a medieval mystic and visionary, wrote the tracts and had numerous visions throughout her life. She was widely acknowledged by the church for her spiritual insights and contributions to theology and mysticism. The image likely represents one of her visions as described in Liber Scivias.

Explanation

The image, taken from Liber Scivias, depicts Hildegard's Vision. Liber Scivias is a collection of visionary tracts that were considered divine by the church. Hildegard of Bingen, a medieval mystic and visionary, wrote the tracts and had numerous visions throughout her life. She was widely acknowledged by the church for her spiritual insights and contributions to theology and mysticism. The image likely represents one of her visions as described in Liber Scivias.

71. The Great Wall, near Bejing, China begun in the ________ _____ __________ BCE is approximately 4,100 miles long with an average height of 25 feet.

Late 4th century

Early 4th century

Late 3rd century

Early 3rd century

The correct answer is "late 3rd century". The Great Wall, near Beijing, China, began construction in the late 3rd century BCE. It is approximately 4,100 miles long and has an average height of 25 feet.

Explanation

The correct answer is "late 3rd century". The Great Wall, near Beijing, China, began construction in the late 3rd century BCE. It is approximately 4,100 miles long and has an average height of 25 feet.

72.

This type of arch is when two barrel vaults meet each other. What is is called?

Barrel vault

Gothic arch

Round arch

Groin vault

A groin vault is a type of arch where two barrel vaults intersect at a right angle. This architectural feature is commonly used in Romanesque and Gothic architecture to distribute weight and create a stable structure. The crossing of the barrel vaults forms a diagonal rib, which adds strength and allows for larger open spaces. The groin vault is characterized by its angular appearance and is often used in the construction of cathedrals, churches, and other grand buildings.

Explanation

A groin vault is a type of arch where two barrel vaults intersect at a right angle. This architectural feature is commonly used in Romanesque and Gothic architecture to distribute weight and create a stable structure. The crossing of the barrel vaults forms a diagonal rib, which adds strength and allows for larger open spaces. The groin vault is characterized by its angular appearance and is often used in the construction of cathedrals, churches, and other grand buildings.

73. A blanket term used to describe someone who held indigenous, usually polytheistic, views of religion.

Monk

Pagan

Polytheist

Roman

The correct answer is "pagan." The term "pagan" is used to describe someone who holds indigenous, usually polytheistic, views of religion. This term is often associated with ancient cultures and belief systems that worship multiple gods or deities. It is a broad term that encompasses various indigenous religions and practices that are not part of mainstream or organized religions.

Explanation

The correct answer is "pagan." The term "pagan" is used to describe someone who holds indigenous, usually polytheistic, views of religion. This term is often associated with ancient cultures and belief systems that worship multiple gods or deities. It is a broad term that encompasses various indigenous religions and practices that are not part of mainstream or organized religions.

74. The ______________ was considered by the Greeks to be the most beautiful of all proportions. They recognized that it could easily be divided and subdivided into identically proportioned sections.

Golden Rule

Golden Section

Golden Rectangle

Golden Arrow

The Greeks believed that the Golden Rectangle was the most beautiful of all proportions because it could be divided and subdivided into identical sections. This proportion, also known as the Golden Section, is a mathematical ratio that is aesthetically pleasing to the eye. It is often found in art, architecture, and design, as it is believed to create a sense of harmony and balance.

Explanation

The Greeks believed that the Golden Rectangle was the most beautiful of all proportions because it could be divided and subdivided into identical sections. This proportion, also known as the Golden Section, is a mathematical ratio that is aesthetically pleasing to the eye. It is often found in art, architecture, and design, as it is believed to create a sense of harmony and balance.

75.

This cup entitled Vaphio Cup, from a tomb at Vaphio, south of Sparta, Greece was created circa 1650-1450 BCE. What culture did it originate from?

Mycenean

Minoan

Akkadian

Cycladic

The Vaphio Cup is associated with the Minoan culture. It was discovered in a tomb at Vaphio, located south of Sparta in Greece. The cup's style and design are characteristic of the Minoan civilization, which thrived on the island of Crete during the Bronze Age. The Minoans were known for their advanced art and pottery techniques, as well as their maritime trade and sophisticated society. The cup's origin from the Minoan culture is supported by its location of discovery and its stylistic features.

Explanation

The Vaphio Cup is associated with the Minoan culture. It was discovered in a tomb at Vaphio, located south of Sparta in Greece. The cup's style and design are characteristic of the Minoan civilization, which thrived on the island of Crete during the Bronze Age. The Minoans were known for their advanced art and pottery techniques, as well as their maritime trade and sophisticated society. The cup's origin from the Minoan culture is supported by its location of discovery and its stylistic features.

76. This image was created approximately when?

25,000-20,000 BCE

15,000-13,000 BCE

8,000-5,000 BCE

18,000-16,000 BCE

The image was created approximately between 15,000-13,000 BCE.

Explanation

The image was created approximately between 15,000-13,000 BCE.

77. Music that was designed to illuminate spiritual truths. Hidegard is responsible for more surviving compositions than any other musician. Usually a plain chant, monophonic, often sung a cappella.

Monastic

Choral

Organum

Polyphonic

The correct answer is monastic. This is because the given description mentions that the music was designed to illuminate spiritual truths, which aligns with the monastic tradition of creating music for religious purposes. Additionally, it is stated that the music is usually a plain chant, monophonic, and often sung a cappella, all of which are characteristics commonly associated with monastic music.

Explanation

The correct answer is monastic. This is because the given description mentions that the music was designed to illuminate spiritual truths, which aligns with the monastic tradition of creating music for religious purposes. Additionally, it is stated that the music is usually a plain chant, monophonic, and often sung a cappella, all of which are characteristics commonly associated with monastic music.