Informative quiz on the history of biotechnology

Dolly, the sheep, was the first-ever mammal to be successfully cloned. This breakthrough in cloning technology occurred in 1996 when scientists at the Roslin Institute in Scotland used a technique called somatic cell nuclear transfer to create an identical genetic copy of an adult sheep. Dolly's birth marked a significant advancement in the field of genetics and opened up new possibilities for cloning other mammals.

Humulin was the name of the first synthetically produced insulin that was FDA approved.

Alexander Fleming is credited with discovering penicillin. In 1928, he observed that a mold called Penicillium notatum had contaminated one of his petri dishes, and noticed that the bacteria around the mold were being killed. This accidental discovery led to the development of the first antibiotic, penicillin, which revolutionized medicine and saved countless lives.

Károly Ereky is credited with coining the term "biotechnology." He introduced the word in 1919 to describe the application of biological processes in industrial production. Ereky's concept of biotechnology emphasized the use of living organisms and their components to create useful products and solve practical problems. This term has since become widely used to encompass a range of scientific and technological advancements in fields such as medicine, agriculture, and environmental science.

The term biotechnology was coined in 1919.

Kary B. Mullis created the PCR technique in 1983.

Maize was the first crop to have its genome fully decoded and cataloged. This means that scientists were able to determine the complete set of genetic instructions or DNA sequence for maize. By decoding and cataloging the genome of maize, researchers can better understand its genetic makeup, which can help in improving crop yield, disease resistance, and other desirable traits.

The Human Genome Project started in 1990. This international scientific research project aimed to determine the sequence of nucleotide base pairs that make up human DNA and identify and map all of the genes of the human genome. It involved scientists from various countries and was a significant milestone in the field of genomics.

Cohen and Boyer received a legal patent for gene cloning in 1980.

In 1997, the first artificial chromosome was created. This breakthrough in genetic engineering allowed scientists to manipulate and study specific genes more effectively. By creating artificial chromosomes, researchers could isolate and analyze individual genes in a controlled manner, leading to advancements in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology.