Hematology Chapter 21 The Lymphomas

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  • 1/46 Questions

    Lymphocyte exhibits large numbers of lymphocytes and small numbers of Reed-Sternberg. This describes what type of Lymphoma?

    • Lymphocyte Rich Hodgkin Lymphoma
    • Lymphocyte Depletion Hodgkin Lymphoma
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About This Quiz

Explore key aspects of lymphomas in this focused quiz. Topics include Reed-Sternberg cells, features of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, and specific cell types like lacunar cells. Essential for medical students and professionals in hematology and oncology.

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  • 2. 

    In Ann Arbor Classification Stage 3 has lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm or one side?

    • Both sides

    • One side

    Correct Answer
    A. Both sides
    Explanation
    In Ann Arbor Classification, Stage 3 indicates the presence of lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm. This means that the cancer has spread to lymph nodes located above and below the diaphragm, which is a muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen. The presence of lymph nodes on both sides suggests a more advanced stage of cancer compared to Stage 1 or Stage 2, where lymph nodes are affected only on one side.

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  • 3. 

    Lymphomas develop due to damage of genetic code that regulates growth and reporduction of immune system cells: transolcations, deletions, mutations etc.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Lymphomas are a type of cancer that develop from immune system cells. The genetic code that regulates the growth and reproduction of these cells can become damaged, leading to the development of lymphomas. This damage can occur through various mechanisms such as translocations, deletions, and mutations. Therefore, the statement that lymphomas develop due to damage of the genetic code that regulates the growth and reproduction of immune system cells is true.

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  • 4. 

    Growth regulating genes that function abnormally when translocated are called oncogenes.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Oncogenes are genes that have the potential to cause cancer when they are abnormally activated. These genes can be mutated or translocated, leading to their abnormal function. When growth regulating genes are translocated and start functioning abnormally, they are referred to as oncogenes. Therefore, the statement "growth regulating genes that function abnormally when translocated are called oncogenes" is true.

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  • 5. 

    In Ann Arbor classification(Cotswold modification) stage 4 has extra nodal sites ("B" designates what?)

    • Asymptomatic

    • Symptomatic

    Correct Answer
    A. Symptomatic
    Explanation
    In the Ann Arbor classification (Cotswold modification), the designation "B" in stage 4 indicates the presence of systemic symptoms. This means that in addition to the cancer being present in multiple nodal sites, the patient also experiences symptoms such as fever, night sweats, or unexplained weight loss. These symptoms indicate a more advanced stage of the disease and may require more aggressive treatment.

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  • 6. 

    Female predominance, associated with anterior mediastinal mass, adenopathy( gland enlargement), usually asymptomatic at first presentation

    • Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma

    • Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma
    Explanation
    Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma is the correct answer because it is associated with female predominance, anterior mediastinal mass, and adenopathy. It is usually asymptomatic at first presentation. Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma, on the other hand, does not typically present with an anterior mediastinal mass and is not associated with female predominance.

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  • 7. 

    (large non-cleaved cells) (20-40 u) diameter, modest amount of cytoplasm, round to oval nuclei, small distinct nucleoliThis most likely describes what?

    • Centrocytes

    • Centroblasts

    Correct Answer
    A. Centroblasts
    Explanation
    The given description of large non-cleaved cells with a diameter of 20-40 u, modest amount of cytoplasm, round to oval nuclei, and small distinct nucleoli is most likely describing centroblasts. Centroblasts are immature B-cells found in the germinal centers of lymphoid follicles, and they have these characteristics. Centrocytes, on the other hand, are smaller and have more condensed chromatin with indistinct nucleoli. Therefore, centroblasts are the more appropriate answer based on the given description.

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  • 8. 

    Which statement accurate describes lacunar cells?Slide 9

    • Separated from surrounding cells by pale area, large, nucleoli small/medium

    • Separated from surrounding cells by a dark area, small, nucleoli is small

    Correct Answer
    A. Separated from surrounding cells by pale area, large, nucleoli small/medium
    Explanation
    Lacunar cells are accurately described as being separated from surrounding cells by a pale area, and they are large in size. The nucleoli in lacunar cells are small to medium in size.

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  • 9. 

    Unique translocation t(14:18) of BCL2 oncogeneCan be distinguished from a benign secondary reactive lymph node by shrunken mantle zoneThese two statement describes most likely

    • Follicular B-cell Lymphoma

    • Mantle Cell Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Follicular B-cell Lymphoma
    Explanation
    The given correct answer is Follicular B-cell Lymphoma. This is because the unique translocation t(14:18) of the BCL2 oncogene is a characteristic genetic abnormality found in follicular B-cell lymphoma. Additionally, the mention of a shrunken mantle zone helps to distinguish it from a benign secondary reactive lymph node. Mantle cell lymphoma does not typically have the t(14:18) translocation and does not show a shrunken mantle zone, making it less likely to be the correct answer.

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  • 10. 

    Ann Arbor Classification for Hodgkin Lymphoma. Stage I involve how many lymph node regions?

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    • 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 1
    Explanation
    Stage I of the Ann Arbor Classification for Hodgkin Lymphoma involves only one lymph node region. This means that the cancer is localized to a single group of lymph nodes. The classification system helps to determine the extent and spread of the cancer, with higher stages indicating more widespread disease. In Stage I, the cancer is limited to a single region, making it easier to treat and potentially increasing the chances of successful treatment outcomes.

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  • 11. 

    Germinal Center contains centroblasts which are what kind of B cells?Slide 17

    • Resting B cells

    • Proliferating B cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Proliferating B cells
    Explanation
    The correct answer is proliferating B cells. Germinal centers are specialized structures found within secondary lymphoid organs where B cells undergo intense proliferation and differentiation. Centroblasts are large, rapidly dividing B cells that are found within the germinal center. They play a crucial role in the process of somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation, ultimately leading to the production of high-affinity antibodies. Therefore, centroblasts are a type of proliferating B cells within the germinal center.

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  • 12. 

    Primary follicles: composed of small B cells-antigen stimulation transforms primary to secondary follicules-contain germinal center surrounded by a cresent of B cells called mantle zone

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The primary follicles are indeed composed of small B cells. When these B cells are stimulated by antigens, they transform into secondary follicles. The secondary follicles contain a germinal center surrounded by a crescent of B cells called the mantle zone. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 13. 

    Follicular B-Cell Lymphoma has a unique translocation t(___:___) of BCL2 oncogene

    • 10:14

    • 14:18

    • 20:24

    • 12:16

    Correct Answer
    A. 14:18
    Explanation
    Follicular B-Cell Lymphoma is characterized by a unique translocation of the BCL2 oncogene, specifically the t(14:18) translocation. This translocation involves a rearrangement of genetic material between chromosomes 14 and 18, resulting in the overexpression of the BCL2 gene. The overexpression of BCL2 prevents programmed cell death (apoptosis), leading to the accumulation of abnormal B cells and the development of lymphoma.

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  • 14. 

    What sort of B -Cell Lymphoma is being described below?Described in 1958, endemic to Africa•Pediatric lymphomas and lymphomas in immunocompromised patients, particularly AIDS•Cells monotonous (monoclonal), medium sized, uniformly round nuclei, multiple small nucleoli, cytoplasm modest, basophilic, with lipid vacuoles•Cells have high proliferation and high apoptosis•Categorized by t(2:8) or t(8:22)•More common in men, facial bones are most common sites in endemic (African) form, intestine most common site in nonendemic form•Disease aggressive and fatal if untreated, but curable

    • Mantle Cell

    • Burkitt Lymphoma

    • Lymphoplasmacytic

    • Marginal Zone

    • Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

    • Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Burkitt Lymphoma
    Explanation
    Burkitt Lymphoma is the correct answer for this question. The description provided matches the characteristics of Burkitt Lymphoma, which was first described in 1958 and is endemic to Africa. It is commonly found in pediatric patients and those with weakened immune systems, particularly AIDS patients. The lymphoma cells are monoclonal, medium-sized, and have round nuclei with small nucleoli. They also exhibit high proliferation and apoptosis. Burkitt Lymphoma is categorized by specific chromosomal translocations (t(2:8) or t(8:22)). It is more common in men, with facial bones being the most affected site in the endemic form and the intestine in the nonendemic form. If left untreated, Burkitt Lymphoma can be aggressive and fatal, but it is curable.

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  • 15. 

    Which Hodgkin Lymphoma features Lacunar cells?

    • Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma-Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma

    • Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma-Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma
    Explanation
    Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma-Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma features Lacunar cells.

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  • 16. 

    Hodgkin Lymphoma is usually present with painful lymph node swelling.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    No, it usually presents with non-painful lymph node swelling

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  • 17. 

      Involving the Ann Arbor Classification, Stage II involves how many lymph node regions and on how many sides?

    • 1 lymph node region on one side

    • 2 or more lymph node regions on BOTH sides

    • 2 or more lymph node regions on one sides

    • 3 or more lymph node regions on BOTH sides.

    Correct Answer
    A. 2 or more lymph node regions on one sides
    Explanation
    Stage II of the Ann Arbor Classification involves 2 or more lymph node regions on one side. This means that there are multiple lymph node regions affected, but they are all on the same side of the body. This classification helps to determine the extent and spread of lymphoma in the body, with Stage II indicating involvement of lymph nodes on one side of the diaphragm.

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  • 18. 

    Marginal Zone Lymphoma(MZL) is often seen in patients with autoimmune disease.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Patients with autoimmune diseases have an increased risk of developing marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). MZL is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that arises from the marginal zone of the lymphoid tissue. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues in the body. The chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation associated with autoimmune diseases can contribute to the development of MZL. Therefore, it is true that MZL is often seen in patients with autoimmune disease.

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  • 19. 

    -Rare, aggressive lymphoma, poor response to therapyNeoplastic cells confined to lumina of blood cells causing vascular obstructiondescribe what?

    • Intravascular Large B-cell lymphoma

    • Primary Effusion Lymphoma(PEL)

    Correct Answer
    A. Intravascular Large B-cell lymphoma
    Explanation
    Intravascular Large B-cell lymphoma is the correct answer because the given description matches the characteristics of this rare, aggressive lymphoma. The neoplastic cells are confined to the lumina of blood vessels, causing vascular obstruction. This type of lymphoma is known for its poor response to therapy.

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  • 20. 

    Malignant cells confined to body cavity spaces (pleural, pericardial, peritoneal) with no detectable tumor masses•Cells positive for human herpes virus type 8, sometimes EBV•Cells express aberrant phenotype•Most cases in HIV positive patientsdescribe what?

    • Intravascular Large B-cell lymphoma

    • Primary Effusion Lymphoma(PEL)

    Correct Answer
    A. Primary Effusion Lymphoma(PEL)
    Explanation
    Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) is described by malignant cells that are confined to body cavity spaces such as pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal with no detectable tumor masses. These cells are positive for human herpes virus type 8, sometimes EBV, and express an aberrant phenotype. PEL is most commonly seen in HIV positive patients.

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  • 21. 

    Some of the main features of Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma are mixture of small, normal- appearing lymphocytes, benign histiocytes, sometimes Reed-Sternberg cells, and variable amount of pale-staining cytoplasm, large convoluted nucleus(" ____ shaped") with deleicate nuclear membrane and fine chromatin indistinct nucleolus- cell phenotypically related  centroblasts.

    • Almond

    • Balloon

    • Raisin

    • Popcorn

    Correct Answer
    A. Popcorn
  • 22. 

    Lymphocytes are sparse, Reed-Sternberg cells are numerous. Plasma cells, histiocytes, eosinophils infrequent

    • Lymphocyte Rich Hodgkin Lymphoma

    • Lymphocyte Depletion Hodgkin Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Lymphocyte Depletion Hodgkin Lymphoma
    Explanation
    Lymphocyte Depletion Hodgkin Lymphoma is the correct answer because the given information states that lymphocytes are sparse, which means there are very few lymphocytes present. In contrast, Reed-Sternberg cells are numerous, indicating an abundance of these abnormal cells. Additionally, the presence of infrequent plasma cells, histiocytes, and eosinophils further supports the diagnosis of Lymphocyte Depletion Hodgkin Lymphoma, as these cell types are not commonly seen in this type of lymphoma.

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  • 23. 

    Hodgkin Lymphoma is more common in ages ________ and also  over 50.

    • 10-20

    • 5-10

    • 15-35

    Correct Answer
    A. 15-35
    Explanation
    Hodgkin Lymphoma is more common in ages 15-35 and also over 50. This means that individuals between the ages of 15 and 35 are more likely to develop Hodgkin Lymphoma compared to other age groups. Additionally, individuals over the age of 50 also have an increased risk of developing this type of lymphoma.

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  • 24. 

    Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is more common in who?

    • Young adults

    • Older adults

    Correct Answer
    A. Older adults
    Explanation
    Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is more common in older adults. This is because the risk of developing this type of cancer increases with age. As people get older, their immune system weakens, making them more susceptible to developing lymphoma. Additionally, older adults may have been exposed to certain risk factors over a longer period of time, such as certain infections or exposure to certain chemicals, which can increase their chances of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

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  • 25. 

    In Ann Arbor classification(Cotswold modification) stage 4 has extra nodal sites ("A" designates what?)

    • Asymptomatic

    • Symptomatic

    Correct Answer
    A. Asymptomatic
    Explanation
    In the Ann Arbor classification (Cotswold modification), the designation "A" signifies the absence of systemic symptoms in stage 4 of the classification. This means that despite the presence of extra nodal sites, the patient does not experience any symptoms related to the lymphoma. The "A" designation is used to indicate that the lymphoma is asymptomatic in stage 4.

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  • 26. 

    Mantle Cell Lymphoma is a subtype of precursor or mature B-Cell Lymphomas?

    • Mature

    • Precursor

    Correct Answer
    A. Mature
    Explanation
    Mantle Cell Lymphoma is a subtype of mature B-Cell Lymphomas. This means that it arises from B-cells that have fully developed and differentiated into mature cells. Precursor B-Cell Lymphomas, on the other hand, refer to lymphomas that originate from B-cells that are still in the early stages of development and have not fully matured. Therefore, the correct answer is mature.

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  • 27. 

    Involving Ann Arbor Hodgkin Lymphoma III1 stands for what?

    • With or without splenic, hilar, celiac, portal nodes

    • With para-aortic, iliac, mesenteric nodes

    Correct Answer
    A. With or without splenic, hilar, celiac, portal nodes
    Explanation
    The term "Ann Arbor Hodgkin Lymphoma III1" refers to a specific staging system used to classify the extent of Hodgkin lymphoma. In this system, stage III1 indicates involvement of lymph nodes both above and below the diaphragm, with or without the presence of splenic, hilar, celiac, and portal nodes. This means that the cancer has spread to multiple lymph node regions in the abdomen and chest. The answer choice "with or without splenic, hilar, celiac, portal nodes" accurately reflects this classification.

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  • 28. 

    NHLs may arise from any lymph node cells: T-cell lymphomas( ____%)slide 16

    • 40-50

    • 85-90

    • 20-30

    • 10-15

    Correct Answer
    A. 10-15
    Explanation
    T-cell lymphomas account for approximately 10-15% of NHLs. This means that out of all cases of NHL, only a small percentage can be attributed to T-cell lymphomas. The majority of NHL cases are derived from B-cell lymphocytes.

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  • 29. 

    This Mature B-Cell Lymphoma involves BCL-1 gene which results in the overexpression of protein Cyclin D1.

    • Mantle Cell Lymphoma

    • Follicular B-Cell Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Mantle Cell Lymphoma
    Explanation
    Mantle Cell Lymphoma is the correct answer because it is a mature B-cell lymphoma that involves the BCL-1 gene. This gene is responsible for the overexpression of the protein Cyclin D1, which is a characteristic feature of Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Follicular B-Cell Lymphoma is not associated with the overexpression of Cyclin D1 and does not involve the BCL-1 gene, making it an incorrect answer.

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  • 30. 

    This is best shown with formalin-fixed tissue sections of sclerosis.Slide 9

    • Plasma cells

    • Lacunar cells

    • Eosinophils

    • Histiocytes

    Correct Answer
    A. Lacunar cells
    Explanation
    The correct answer is lacunar cells. Lacunar cells are a type of histiocyte that can be observed in formalin-fixed tissue sections of sclerosis. These cells are characterized by their clear cytoplasm and eccentrically located nuclei. They are often seen in conditions such as Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Rosai-Dorfman disease.

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  • 31. 

    This form of Lymphoma has predominance of males and younger people, usually localized with one node group, good long-term survival, but some incidence of late relapses.

    • Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma

    • Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma
    Explanation
    Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma is the correct answer because it is characterized by a predominance of males and younger individuals. It typically presents with localized involvement of one node group. The prognosis for this type of lymphoma is generally good, with a good long-term survival rate. However, there is a risk of late relapses.

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  • 32. 

    (cleaved cells) small to medium cells,(6-15 u), scan cytoplasm, irregular nuclei indistinct nucleoliThis describes Centrocytes or Centroblasts?

    • Centrocytes

    • Centroblasts

    Correct Answer
    A. Centrocytes
    Explanation
    The given description of "cleaved cells" that are small to medium in size, have scan cytoplasm, irregular nuclei, and indistinct nucleoli matches with the characteristics of Centrocytes. Centrocytes are mature B-cells that are found in the germinal centers of lymph nodes and are involved in the production of antibodies. They have irregular nuclei and their cytoplasm appears to be scanned due to the presence of cell processes.

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  • 33. 

    NHLs may arise from any lymph node cells: B-cell lymphomas( ____%)slide 16

    • 40-50

    • 85-90

    • 20-30

    • 10-15

    Correct Answer
    A. 85-90
    Explanation
    B-cell lymphomas account for the majority (85-90%) of NHLs. This means that the lymphomas can originate from B-cells, which are a type of lymphocyte that plays a crucial role in the immune response. B-cell lymphomas can arise from various lymph node cells and can manifest in different forms, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma. These lymphomas are characterized by the abnormal growth and accumulation of B-cells, leading to the development of tumors in lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues.

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  • 34. 

    WHO Classification grades for Follicular B-cell Lymphoma which is a subtype of Mature B-cell Lymphoma severity #1-3 by counting what type of cells?

    • Centrocytes

    • Centroblasts

    Correct Answer
    A. Centroblasts
    Explanation
    The correct answer is centroblasts. The WHO Classification grades for Follicular B-cell Lymphoma, a subtype of Mature B-cell Lymphoma, based on the severity of the disease, is determined by counting the number of centroblasts. Centroblasts are large, rapidly dividing cells that are characteristic of aggressive lymphomas. The higher the number of centroblasts, the more severe the lymphoma is considered to be.

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  • 35. 

    Most MCL(Mantle Cell Lymphoma demonstrate unique translocation t(_____:_____) 

    • 14-18

    • 12-16

    • 6-10

    • 11-14

    Correct Answer
    A. 11-14
    Explanation
    Most MCL (Mantle Cell Lymphoma) demonstrate a unique translocation called t(11:14). This translocation involves a rearrangement of genetic material between chromosomes 11 and 14. This translocation leads to the overexpression of cyclin D1, a protein that promotes cell cycle progression. The overexpression of cyclin D1 plays a crucial role in the development and progression of MCL.

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  • 36. 

    Revised European American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms is what?

    • The most widely used for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

    • The most widely used for Hodgkin Lymphoma

    • The least widely used for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. The most widely used for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
    Explanation
    The Revised European American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms is the most widely used classification system for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. This system provides a standardized way to categorize and classify different types of lymphoid neoplasms, making it easier for healthcare professionals to diagnose and treat patients with this type of cancer. It is widely accepted and used in clinical practice and research, making it the preferred classification system for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.

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  • 37. 

    B- cell Lymphomas are subdivided into subtypes precursor and mature. Which accounts for greater than 90% of lymphoid neoplasms?

    • Precursor

    • Mature

    Correct Answer
    A. Mature
    Explanation
    The mature subtype of B-cell lymphomas accounts for greater than 90% of lymphoid neoplasms. This means that the majority of B-cell lymphomas belong to the mature subtype rather than the precursor subtype.

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  • 38. 

    A Reed-Sternberg cell is large up to (____ u), abundant acidophilic cytoplasm, multinucleated or multi-lobed nucleus and gigantic inclusion-like nucleoli.

    • 30

    • 35

    • 45

    • 40

    Correct Answer
    A. 45
    Explanation
    A Reed-Sternberg cell is characterized by its large size, abundant acidophilic cytoplasm, multinucleated or multi-lobed nucleus, and gigantic inclusion-like nucleoli. These cells are typically found in Hodgkin's lymphoma, a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system. The size of a Reed-Sternberg cell can vary, but it can be as large as 45 micrometers.

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  • 39. 

    Germinal Center contains centrocytes which are what kind of B cells?

    • Resting B cells

    • Proliferating B cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Resting B cells
    Explanation
    Germinal Center contains centrocytes, which are a type of resting B cells. These B cells have undergone activation and differentiation in response to an antigen, but they are not actively dividing or proliferating. Instead, they are in a quiescent state, waiting for further stimulation or signals to either differentiate into plasma cells and produce antibodies or undergo apoptosis.

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  • 40. 

    What sort of B -Cell Lymphoma is being described below?Cells exhibit plasmacytoid features•CD5, CD10, CD23 negative,•50% of cases demonstrate t(9:14) involving IgH and PAX5•Associated with Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia•Monoclonal gammopathy is IgM type•Disease of older adults, usually involves lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow

    • Mantle Cell

    • Follicular B-cell Lymphoma

    • Lymphoplasmacytic

    • Marginal Zone

    • Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

    • Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Lymphoplasmacytic
    Explanation
    The given description matches the characteristics of Lymphoplasmacytic B-Cell Lymphoma. This type of lymphoma is characterized by cells exhibiting plasmacytoid features, being negative for CD5, CD10, and CD23, and 50% of cases demonstrating t(9:14) involving IgH and PAX5. It is also associated with Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia and monoclonal gammopathy of IgM type. Lymphoplasmacytic B-Cell Lymphoma primarily affects older adults and usually involves lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow.

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  • 41. 

    Follicular B Cell Lymphoma is a subtype of the Mature B Cell Lymphomas. This is Non-Hodgkins. It can be distinguished from a benigh secondary reactive lymph node by ________ mantle zone.Slide 20

    • A enlarged

    • Shrunken

    • Lack of a

    Correct Answer
    A. Shrunken
    Explanation
    Follicular B Cell Lymphoma can be distinguished from a benign secondary reactive lymph node by the shrunken mantle zone. This indicates that the follicular lymphoma has caused a reduction in the size of the mantle zone, which is not typically seen in benign reactive lymph nodes. This characteristic can help in the diagnosis and differentiation of follicular B Cell Lymphoma from other types of lymphomas or benign conditions.

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  • 42. 

    What sort of B -Cell Lymphoma is being described below?Growth pattern diffuse•Small uniform lymphocytes with scant cytoplasm, round nucleus, clumped chromatin, may be small nucleoli, intermixed with prolymphocytes•CD5, CD23, CD43 positive, CD10 negative•80% exhibit cytogenic abnormalities: trisomy 12Disease of older adults, indolent, considered incurable with standard therapy, fludarabine treatment more successful

    • Mantle Cell

    • Follicular B-cell Lymphoma

    • Lymphoplasmacytic

    • Marginal Zone

    • Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

    • Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
    Explanation
    The description provided matches the characteristics of Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma. This type of B-Cell Lymphoma is characterized by a diffuse growth pattern, with small uniform lymphocytes that have scant cytoplasm, round nucleus, clumped chromatin, and may have small nucleoli. The presence of prolymphocytes is also mentioned. The lymphoma is positive for CD5, CD23, and CD43, but negative for CD10. Additionally, around 80% of cases exhibit cytogenic abnormalities, specifically trisomy 12. Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma primarily affects older adults, is considered incurable with standard therapy, and fludarabine treatment has shown more success.

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  • 43. 

    Hodgkin Lymphoma accounts for approximately ______% of new lymphoma cases in U.S.

    • 5%

    • 10%

    • 15%

    • 20%

    Correct Answer
    A. 15%
    Explanation
    Hodgkin Lymphoma accounts for approximately 15% of new lymphoma cases in the U.S. This means that out of all the new cases of lymphoma diagnosed in the country, 15% of them are specifically Hodgkin Lymphoma. This statistic highlights the relative prevalence of Hodgkin Lymphoma compared to other types of lymphoma, indicating that it is a significant subtype of the disease.

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  • 44. 

    What sort of B -Cell Lymphoma is being described below?•CD5, CD10, CD23 negative,•50% of cases demonstrate t(9:14) involving IgH and PAX5•Associated with Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia•Monoclonal gammopathy is IgM type•Disease of older adults, usually involves lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrowGene expression shows 2 cell types, germinal center B-like (centroblastic), and activated B-like (immunoblastic)Disease affects broad age range, may present as nodal or extranodal; disease is aggressive if untreated, but responds well to multi-agent therapy

    • Mantle Cell

    • Follicular B-cell Lymphoma

    • Lymphoplasmacytic

    • Marginal Zone

    • Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

    • Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)
    Explanation
    The given description matches the characteristics of Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). DLBCL is characterized by being CD5, CD10, and CD23 negative. Approximately 50% of DLBCL cases demonstrate t(9:14) involving IgH and PAX5. It is also associated with Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia, and monoclonal gammopathy is IgM type. DLBCL can affect older adults and usually involves lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. Gene expression shows two cell types, germinal center B-like (centroblastic) and activated B-like (immunoblastic). The disease can affect a broad age range and may present as nodal or extranodal. If left untreated, DLBCL can be aggressive, but it responds well to multi-agent therapy.

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  • 45. 

    Most Mantle Cell Lymphomas demonstrate unique translocation t(11:14) involving BCL-1 gene, which results in overexpression of the protein Cyclin D1, detected in the nuclei of MCL cells using immunocytochemical techniques (stains _______)

    • Red

    • Orange

    • Blue

    • Brown

    • Black

    Correct Answer
    A. Brown
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Brown. Immunocytochemical techniques involve the use of antibodies that bind to specific proteins and produce a visible color reaction. In this case, the protein of interest is Cyclin D1, which is overexpressed in Mantle Cell Lymphoma due to the translocation t(11:14) involving the BCL-1 gene. The staining technique used to detect Cyclin D1 in the nuclei of MCL cells would likely produce a brown color, indicating the presence of the protein.

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  • 46. 

    Which of these do not appear  in Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma.Slide 7

    • Reed-Sternberg cells

    • Eosinophils

    • Histiocytes

    • Plasma cells

    • Popcorn cells

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Eosinophils
    A. Plasma cells
    Explanation
    In Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma, Reed-Sternberg cells are absent. Reed-Sternberg cells are large, abnormal cells typically found in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Eosinophils and plasma cells are also not commonly seen in Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions and plasma cells are responsible for producing antibodies. Histiocytes are a type of immune cell that can be found in the lymph nodes and are typically present in Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma. Popcorn cells are not a recognized term in relation to lymphoma and therefore cannot be considered a valid answer.

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  • Mar 18, 2011
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