Growing Up With US- Children- January 2017

1. Undiagnosed or incompletely treated GABHS infections can result in serious , life- threatening infections, such as rheumatic fever, meningitis and acute glomerulonephritis?

True

False

Undiagnosed or incompletely treated GABHS (Group A Streptococcus) infections can lead to severe complications like rheumatic fever, meningitis, and acute glomerulonephritis. These conditions can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention. It is important to properly diagnose and treat GABHS infections to prevent the development of these serious complications.

Explanation

Undiagnosed or incompletely treated GABHS (Group A Streptococcus) infections can lead to severe complications like rheumatic fever, meningitis, and acute glomerulonephritis. These conditions can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention. It is important to properly diagnose and treat GABHS infections to prevent the development of these serious complications.

2. Because of his age, Sam age 6 years old, is low risk for contracting strep throat?

True

False

The statement suggests that Sam, who is 6 years old, is low risk for contracting strep throat due to his age. However, this statement is false. Age alone does not determine the risk of contracting strep throat. Strep throat is a bacterial infection that can affect individuals of any age, including children. The risk of contracting strep throat is influenced by various factors such as exposure to the bacteria, weakened immune system, and personal hygiene practices. Therefore, Sam's age does not automatically make him low risk for contracting strep throat.

Explanation

The statement suggests that Sam, who is 6 years old, is low risk for contracting strep throat due to his age. However, this statement is false. Age alone does not determine the risk of contracting strep throat. Strep throat is a bacterial infection that can affect individuals of any age, including children. The risk of contracting strep throat is influenced by various factors such as exposure to the bacteria, weakened immune system, and personal hygiene practices. Therefore, Sam's age does not automatically make him low risk for contracting strep throat.

3. During your assessment, Jane K. , 10 years old, complains of a sore throat. Her mother and little brothers, Mike age 8, and Sam age 6 are with her. Which of the following assessment findings would most likely suggest that Jane has strep throat?

Core body temperature of 98.6F

Generalized body aches

Beefy red, swollen throat

Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea

A beefy red, swollen throat is a common symptom of strep throat. Strep throat is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation and swelling of the throat, resulting in a sore throat. The redness and swelling are often more pronounced with strep throat compared to other causes of sore throat, such as viral infections. The presence of these specific symptoms, along with the absence of other symptoms such as fever or gastrointestinal symptoms, would suggest that Jane most likely has strep throat.

Explanation

A beefy red, swollen throat is a common symptom of strep throat. Strep throat is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation and swelling of the throat, resulting in a sore throat. The redness and swelling are often more pronounced with strep throat compared to other causes of sore throat, such as viral infections. The presence of these specific symptoms, along with the absence of other symptoms such as fever or gastrointestinal symptoms, would suggest that Jane most likely has strep throat.

4. Strep throat is confirmed in Jane and her mother is given a prescription for oral antibiotics. A priority discharge intervention is for the healthcare profession to instruct Jane's mother to:

Recheck Jane's temperature every 8 hours

Keep her NPO for 24 hours

Complete the full course of antibiotics

Keep her out of school at least 10 days

The correct answer is to complete the full course of antibiotics. This is a priority discharge intervention because it is important for Jane's mother to understand the importance of finishing the entire prescribed course of antibiotics. Stopping the medication early can lead to incomplete treatment and the development of antibiotic resistance. By completing the full course, Jane will have a higher chance of fully recovering from strep throat and avoiding any potential complications.

Explanation

The correct answer is to complete the full course of antibiotics. This is a priority discharge intervention because it is important for Jane's mother to understand the importance of finishing the entire prescribed course of antibiotics. Stopping the medication early can lead to incomplete treatment and the development of antibiotic resistance. By completing the full course, Jane will have a higher chance of fully recovering from strep throat and avoiding any potential complications.

5. Jane's mother asks, " How can I prevent my boys from getting this?" You respond:

'It's not highly contagious. It's more like a normal childhood illness."

"You really can't. Once one child has it, it runs through the whole family."

"Replace all of their toothbrushes when you get home"

"One way is to make sure all family members practice good hand washing."

The correct answer suggests that practicing good hand washing is one way to prevent the boys from getting the illness. This implies that the illness is likely to be spread through contact with contaminated hands, and by maintaining proper hygiene, the chances of transmission can be reduced.

Explanation

The correct answer suggests that practicing good hand washing is one way to prevent the boys from getting the illness. This implies that the illness is likely to be spread through contact with contaminated hands, and by maintaining proper hygiene, the chances of transmission can be reduced.

6. Mrs. K., says, "Why is his tongue white?" You respond:

"Has he been drinking enough? It looks dry and cracked too."

"I'm not sure, it should be red and swollen like a strawberry, with scarlet fever."

"I've never seen that. You'll have to ask the doctor."

"Initially , with scarlet fever , the tongue becomes covered with a white coating."

The correct answer explains that with scarlet fever, the tongue initially becomes covered with a white coating. This suggests that the white tongue observed in the situation could be a symptom of scarlet fever.

Explanation

The correct answer explains that with scarlet fever, the tongue initially becomes covered with a white coating. This suggests that the white tongue observed in the situation could be a symptom of scarlet fever.

7. Five days later, Jane's brother Mike, 8 years old , is also diagnosed with strep throat. Scarlet fever is also suspected. Which of the following describes the characteristic rash with scarlet fever?

Small vesicles, surrounded by a circle of red skin

Bright red, which is more intense in areas , such as the neck and axilla

Pinkish color, which is more intense on the face

Patches of red skin the weep fluid

The characteristic rash with scarlet fever is described as bright red, which is more intense in areas such as the neck and axilla.

Explanation

The characteristic rash with scarlet fever is described as bright red, which is more intense in areas such as the neck and axilla.

8. Mrs. K., says, 'My youngest , Sam has impetigo. There was an outbreak at school. What is the best way to protect him and my others from this in the future?" You respond:

"Make sure they don't share clothing or bath towels."

"Keep them indoors and away from others as much as possible."

"Be sure they are up to date on their immunizations."

"Isolate your children , as soon as you notice one of them has a fever."

The correct answer suggests that the best way to protect both Sam and the other children from impetigo in the future is to ensure that they do not share clothing or bath towels. Impetigo is a highly contagious skin infection that spreads through direct contact with the infected person's skin or personal items. By avoiding sharing clothing or towels, the transmission of the infection can be minimized, reducing the risk of spreading it to others.

Explanation

The correct answer suggests that the best way to protect both Sam and the other children from impetigo in the future is to ensure that they do not share clothing or bath towels. Impetigo is a highly contagious skin infection that spreads through direct contact with the infected person's skin or personal items. By avoiding sharing clothing or towels, the transmission of the infection can be minimized, reducing the risk of spreading it to others.

9. The most definitive diagnosis of strep throat is made by the :

Intensity of the child's throat pain

Traditional throat culture

Rapid antigen test

Color of the child's tongue

The most definitive diagnosis of strep throat is made by a traditional throat culture. This involves taking a swab from the back of the throat and culturing it in a laboratory to identify the presence of the Streptococcus bacteria, which causes strep throat. This method is considered the gold standard for diagnosing strep throat as it provides accurate results. The intensity of the child's throat pain, rapid antigen tests, and the color of the child's tongue are not reliable or specific enough to definitively diagnose strep throat.

Explanation

The most definitive diagnosis of strep throat is made by a traditional throat culture. This involves taking a swab from the back of the throat and culturing it in a laboratory to identify the presence of the Streptococcus bacteria, which causes strep throat. This method is considered the gold standard for diagnosing strep throat as it provides accurate results. The intensity of the child's throat pain, rapid antigen tests, and the color of the child's tongue are not reliable or specific enough to definitively diagnose strep throat.

10. Jane most likely did not contract GABHS from:

Her friend , who is an asymptomatic carrier

An infected classmate who coughed or sneezed near her

Borrowing and wearing pants from an infected friend

Sharing popcorn and a soda with a child infected with GABHS.

GABHS (Group A Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus) is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, such as coughing or sneezing. It can also be spread through direct contact with infected surfaces or objects. However, borrowing and wearing pants from an infected friend would not typically lead to GABHS transmission, as the bacteria is not commonly found on clothing. Therefore, it is unlikely that Jane contracted GABHS from borrowing and wearing pants from an infected friend.

Explanation

GABHS (Group A Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus) is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, such as coughing or sneezing. It can also be spread through direct contact with infected surfaces or objects. However, borrowing and wearing pants from an infected friend would not typically lead to GABHS transmission, as the bacteria is not commonly found on clothing. Therefore, it is unlikely that Jane contracted GABHS from borrowing and wearing pants from an infected friend.