Canadian Geography Grade 9 Test

Ottawa is the correct answer because it is the capital of Canada. Vancouver and Toronto are both major cities in Canada, but they are not the capital. Ottawa is located in the province of Ontario and is home to the Parliament of Canada and many national government buildings.

Latitude and Longitude are measured in degrees. Degrees are used to measure angles, and in the case of latitude and longitude, they represent the angular distance on the Earth's surface. Latitude measures the distance north or south of the equator in degrees, while longitude measures the distance east or west of the prime meridian in degrees. This system allows for precise and standardized location identification on the Earth's surface.

Weather refers to the atmospheric conditions in a specific location at a particular time, such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. It is a short-term phenomenon that can change from day to day or even hour to hour. On the other hand, climate refers to the average weather patterns in a region over a long period of time, typically spanning decades or centuries. Climate takes into account factors like temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind patterns. Therefore, the statement that weather is short term and climate is long term is true.

Climate graphs always include temperature, precipitation, and month. These three variables are essential in understanding and visualizing the climate patterns of a particular location. Temperature helps us understand the average temperature variations throughout the year, precipitation shows the average rainfall or snowfall patterns, and the month provides a timeline for these measurements. By including these three elements, climate graphs provide a comprehensive overview of the climate conditions in a specific region.

Newfoundland time zone is ahead of the time zones by half an hour

Continental drift refers to the gradual movement of the Earth's continents over time. This movement is caused by the shifting of the tectonic plates that make up the Earth's surface. The theory of continental drift was proposed by Alfred Wegener in the early 20th century and has since been supported by various lines of evidence, such as the matching shapes of coastlines on different continents and the distribution of fossils and rock formations. Therefore, the statement that continental drift is the movement of the continents on the Earth's plates is true.

Contour lines are included on topographic maps. Topographic maps are specifically designed to represent the physical features of an area, including the elevation and shape of the land. Contour lines are used to depict areas of equal elevation, allowing users to visualize the terrain and understand the steepness or flatness of the land. Therefore, the correct answer is topographic.

Canada is indeed the second largest country in land size in the world. With a total area of approximately 9.98 million square kilometers, it is surpassed only by Russia in terms of land area. Canada's vast territory spans across six time zones and includes diverse landscapes such as mountains, forests, tundra, and coastline. Its large land size contributes to its abundant natural resources and provides ample space for its relatively small population.

The three types of rock are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

The Precambrian era is considered to be the longest era in Earth's history, lasting for about 4 billion years. It spans from the formation of the Earth around 4.6 billion years ago to the beginning of the Cambrian period around 541 million years ago. This era is characterized by the development of the Earth's atmosphere, the formation of the first continents, the evolution of single-celled organisms, and the emergence of complex life forms. Due to its extensive duration and significant geological and biological events, the Precambrian era is indeed recognized as the longest era in Earth's history.

The correct answer is "Latitude, Ocean currents, Winds/ air masses, Elevation, Relief, Near water." This answer refers to the factors that influence climate patterns and weather conditions in a specific location. Latitude determines the amount of solar energy received, ocean currents and winds/air masses affect temperature and precipitation patterns, elevation influences temperature and atmospheric pressure, relief affects wind patterns and precipitation, and proximity to water bodies influences temperature and humidity.

A farmer fits into the primary category in the industry. This category involves the extraction and production of raw materials directly from natural resources. Farmers are directly involved in the production of agricultural products such as crops, livestock, and dairy. They work on the land, cultivating and harvesting crops or raising animals for food production. Therefore, the primary category is the most suitable classification for a farmer in the industry.

The Earth's crust is commonly referred to as the lithosphere. The lithosphere is the outermost solid layer of the Earth, and it includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. It is composed of various types of rocks and is divided into several tectonic plates. The lithosphere is where most geological activity occurs, including the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. It is also the layer of the Earth that supports and sustains life, as it is where the biosphere, which includes all living organisms, interacts with the geosphere.

The Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands is the smallest physical region because it covers a relatively small area compared to other physical regions. This region is located in southeastern Canada and northeastern United States and is characterized by its flat topography and fertile soil. It is smaller in size compared to other physical regions such as the Canadian Shield or the Appalachian Mountains.

The given number "5 000 000" is a representative fraction. A representative fraction is a type of scale that represents the relationship between the distance on a map and the actual distance on the ground. In this case, the representative fraction indicates that 1 unit on the map represents 5,000,000 units on the ground.

Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

The North Pole is located at 90 N latitude because latitude measures the distance north or south of the equator, with the equator being at 0 degrees latitude. Since the North Pole is the furthest point north on Earth, it is at a latitude of 90 degrees north. Longitude, on the other hand, measures the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, so 90 N longitude would not be correct.

The correct answer is cold winters, hot summers, large temperature range, low precipitation. Continental climate is characterized by extreme temperature variations throughout the year, with very cold winters and hot summers. This type of climate also experiences a large temperature range, meaning that there can be significant differences in temperature between day and night. Additionally, continental climates tend to have low precipitation, meaning that there is not a lot of rainfall or moisture in the air.

The Prime Meridian is the starting line of longitude. It is the line that divides the Earth into the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere. It passes through Greenwich, London and is used as a reference point for measuring longitude. The International Date Line is a different line of longitude that marks where each new day begins, while the Equator is the line of latitude that divides the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. Therefore, the correct answer is Prime Meridian.

Canada has 6 time zones

A convergent boundary is the movement of thwo plates towards each other (collision)

Transform boundaries are areas where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally. This movement can cause a build-up of stress and tension along the boundary. When the stress becomes too great, it is released in the form of an earthquake. Therefore, it is correct to say that transform boundaries cause earthquakes.

The Canadian Shiled is made up of impervious igneous rock,so it is not ideal for agriculture

The given scale "1 cm reps. 50 km" is a statement scale. It represents that 1 centimeter on the map represents 50 kilometers in the real world. This type of scale is commonly used in maps to provide a clear and concise representation of distance.

Canada has 15 ecozones. Ecozones are large areas with similar ecological characteristics, including climate, landforms, and vegetation. These ecozones help in understanding and managing Canada's diverse ecosystems.

The correct answer is "Read Right, Read Up" because it follows the pattern of "verb + adverb" in each phrase. The phrase "Read Right" means to read correctly or accurately, and "Read Up" means to study or research a topic thoroughly. Therefore, the combination of "Read Right, Read Up" emphasizes the importance of reading accurately and extensively.

The correct answer is Mixedwood Plains. Southern Ontario is located in the Mixedwood Plains ecozone. This ecozone is characterized by a mix of deciduous and coniferous forests, as well as agricultural lands. It has a moderate climate and is home to a diverse range of plant and animal species.

The West coast experiences orographic or relief precipitation. This type of precipitation occurs when moist air is forced to rise over mountains or other elevated terrain. As the air rises, it cools and condenses, forming clouds and eventually precipitation. The West coast, particularly areas like the Pacific Northwest, is known for its mountainous terrain, which leads to orographic precipitation. This type of precipitation is characterized by heavy rainfall on the windward side of the mountains, while the leeward side experiences drier conditions.

The correct answer is the Mackenzie River. The Mackenzie River is the longest river in Canada, stretching over 4,241 kilometers. It flows through the Northwest Territories and into the Arctic Ocean. The Fraser River and St. Lawrence River are also significant rivers in Canada, but they are not as long as the Mackenzie River.