Geology Rocks - Short Cycle - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. Which is not a layer of the earth?

Core

Crust

Mantle

Magma

Magma is not a layer of the earth. The earth is composed of three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer, followed by the mantle and then the core. Magma, on the other hand, is molten rock that is found beneath the earth's surface. It is not considered a distinct layer but rather a part of the mantle or the core, depending on its location and composition.

Explanation

Magma is not a layer of the earth. The earth is composed of three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer, followed by the mantle and then the core. Magma, on the other hand, is molten rock that is found beneath the earth's surface. It is not considered a distinct layer but rather a part of the mantle or the core, depending on its location and composition.

2. What do we call the process of rocks changing from one form to another?

Mineral identification

The rock cycle

Luster

The Mohs' Scale

The process of rocks changing from one form to another is called the rock cycle. This refers to the continuous transformation of rocks through various geological processes such as weathering, erosion, deposition, heat, and pressure. These processes cause rocks to undergo changes in their composition, texture, and structure, leading to the formation of different types of rocks over time. The rock cycle is a fundamental concept in geology and helps explain the Earth's dynamic nature and the formation of different landforms.

Explanation

The process of rocks changing from one form to another is called the rock cycle. This refers to the continuous transformation of rocks through various geological processes such as weathering, erosion, deposition, heat, and pressure. These processes cause rocks to undergo changes in their composition, texture, and structure, leading to the formation of different types of rocks over time. The rock cycle is a fundamental concept in geology and helps explain the Earth's dynamic nature and the formation of different landforms.

3. Which of the following is a property of minerals?

Hardness

Igneous

Diamond

Sediments

Hardness is a property of minerals because it refers to the ability of a mineral to resist scratching or being scratched by other substances. It is measured on the Mohs scale, which ranks minerals from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest). Hardness is determined by the arrangement and strength of the chemical bonds within a mineral's structure. Different minerals have different hardness levels, with diamond being the hardest mineral known.

Explanation

Hardness is a property of minerals because it refers to the ability of a mineral to resist scratching or being scratched by other substances. It is measured on the Mohs scale, which ranks minerals from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest). Hardness is determined by the arrangement and strength of the chemical bonds within a mineral's structure. Different minerals have different hardness levels, with diamond being the hardest mineral known.

4. In which layer of the earth are minerals found?

Inner core

Mantle

Crust

Outer core

Minerals are found in the crust of the Earth. The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth and is composed of various types of rocks and minerals. This layer is relatively thin compared to the other layers, and it is where most of the Earth's geological activity takes place. The crust is also the layer that humans interact with the most, as it is where we live and where we extract valuable resources such as metals and gemstones.

Explanation

Minerals are found in the crust of the Earth. The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth and is composed of various types of rocks and minerals. This layer is relatively thin compared to the other layers, and it is where most of the Earth's geological activity takes place. The crust is also the layer that humans interact with the most, as it is where we live and where we extract valuable resources such as metals and gemstones.

5. Which statement identifies how rocks and minerals are the same?

Rocks and minerals are both crystals.

They are both from animal and plant remains.

They both come in different color and sizes.

They are arranged in a repeating pattern.

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

6. Which item is the best model of the layers of the earth?

Lemon

Marble

Peach

Tennis ball

The best model of the layers of the earth would be peach. This is because a peach has different layers, just like the earth. The outer skin of the peach represents the earth's crust, the fleshy part represents the mantle, and the hard pit in the center represents the earth's core. Therefore, a peach can be used as a visual representation to understand the different layers of the earth.

Explanation

The best model of the layers of the earth would be peach. This is because a peach has different layers, just like the earth. The outer skin of the peach represents the earth's crust, the fleshy part represents the mantle, and the hard pit in the center represents the earth's core. Therefore, a peach can be used as a visual representation to understand the different layers of the earth.

7. Which of the following statements is false?

Rocks are made of one or more minerals.

Minerals are made of something that was never living.

Non-solid substances like water and gas are also classified as minerals.

Rocks cannot be made from animal and plant remains.

The statement "Rocks cannot be made from animal and plant remains" is false because rocks can indeed be made from animal and plant remains. Fossil rocks, such as coal and limestone, are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals.

Explanation

The statement "Rocks cannot be made from animal and plant remains" is false because rocks can indeed be made from animal and plant remains. Fossil rocks, such as coal and limestone, are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals.

8. Use the “Mineral Identification” chart on page 40 of your data booklet to identify the mineral
that Lindsey found while digging in the construction site.

In her field journal, she wrote that the mineral looked like polished metal and could be scratched by a steel nail. It left a blackish streak on the streak plate.

Using the information from her field journal and the “Mineral Identification” chart, identify which mineral Lindsey found.

Feldspar

Graphite

Hematite

Magnetite

Pyrite

Based on the information provided, the mineral Lindsey found has the following characteristics: it looks like polished metal, can be scratched by a steel nail, and leaves a blackish streak on the streak plate. Comparing these characteristics with the information in the "Mineral Identification" chart, the mineral that matches all these properties is Pyrite.

Explanation

Based on the information provided, the mineral Lindsey found has the following characteristics: it looks like polished metal, can be scratched by a steel nail, and leaves a blackish streak on the streak plate. Comparing these characteristics with the information in the "Mineral Identification" chart, the mineral that matches all these properties is Pyrite.