Eyeglass Frame Materials Quiz: Metals And Plastics

Titanium is known for its hypoallergenic properties. This means that it is highly unlikely to cause an allergic reaction in individuals, making it a suitable material for those with sensitive skin or allergies. Unlike other metals, titanium does not contain any allergenic substances, such as nickel, which is commonly found in jewelry. Therefore, titanium is often used in the production of various medical implants, such as dental implants, as well as in jewelry, watches, and other accessories for people who are prone to allergies.

Polycarbonate specs are usually used for safety purposes. Polycarbonate is a durable and impact-resistant material, making it ideal for safety glasses. It provides protection against potential hazards such as flying debris, chemicals, and UV rays. Safety specs are commonly used in industries such as construction, manufacturing, and laboratories to protect the eyes from potential injuries.

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PMMA frames and Optyl frames share the similar property of having a high adjustment temperature. This means that both types of frames become brittle and rigid when exposed to high temperatures. This property allows the frames to maintain their shape and stability during adjustments or when exposed to heat.

Cellulose Nitrate is banned from international use in 1998 because it is highly flammable when exposed to heat.

Stainless steel can be soldered if broken. Soldering is a process of joining two metal pieces by melting a filler metal, known as solder, and then allowing it to cool and solidify. While stainless steel is generally more difficult to solder compared to other metals, it is still possible with the use of specialized solder and flux. The soldering process helps to repair the broken stainless steel by creating a strong bond between the pieces, restoring its structural integrity.

Cellulose acetate frames are made up of cotton linters, acetic acid, and plasticizer. Cotton linters, which are short fibers found on cotton seeds, are used as the main raw material. Acetic acid is added to dissolve the cotton linters and create a solution. Finally, a plasticizer is added to the solution to give the frames flexibility and durability.

Polycarbonate is usually clear in color because it is a transparent thermoplastic material. It is commonly used in applications that require high impact resistance and optical clarity, such as in safety goggles, lenses, and windows. The clear color allows for maximum visibility and light transmission, making it a popular choice in various industries.

When Nylon frames are exposed to temperatures of 60°C, they start to shrink. This is because Nylon is a thermoplastic material, meaning it can be melted and reshaped when heated. At high temperatures, the molecular structure of Nylon begins to break down, causing the material to contract and decrease in size. This shrinkage can lead to distortion and deformation of the frames, making them unfit for use.

Lenses inserted into carbon fiber frames are cold-glazed into the frame. This means that the lenses are installed into the frame using a cold-glazing technique, which involves fitting the lenses into the frame without the need for heat or any excessive force. This method ensures a secure and precise fit of the lenses into the carbon fiber frames.

The colours in this frame are produced through the process of lacquering and dyeing. Lacquering involves applying a layer of lacquer, which is a clear or colored varnish, to the surface of an object to enhance its appearance and provide protection. Dyeing, on the other hand, involves using dyes to add color to a material. Therefore, the combination of lacquering and dyeing is likely used to create the colours in this frame, possibly by applying a layer of lacquer and then dyeing it to achieve the desired hues.

Cellulose acetate is a thermoplastic material that softens when exposed to heat. The given answer of 57°C indicates that this is the temperature at which cellulose acetate starts to soften. At this temperature, the material becomes more pliable and can be easily molded or shaped.

Electro-plating is a process where a thin layer of metal, in this case, a color coating, is applied to the surface of stainless steel frames using an electric current. This process involves immersing the frames in a solution containing the desired color and then passing an electric current through it, causing the metal ions in the solution to bond with the surface of the frames, resulting in a durable and vibrant color finish. Anodizing, on the other hand, is a different process used for aluminum frames, where a protective oxide layer is formed on the surface, but it is not applicable to stainless steel frames.

Carbonfiber frames are not pure because they are blended with nylon to create a 'carbonfiber' frame. This blending process enhances the strength and durability of the frame, making it lightweight and resistant to damage. Nylon is known for its toughness and flexibility, which makes it an ideal material to combine with carbonfiber for the construction of frames in various industries, including aerospace and sports equipment.

Titanium is the correct answer because it is an expensive material to mine, it is laser welded during production, and it has the potential to damage cutting pliers. Titanium is known for its high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and durability. These properties make it a popular choice for various industries, including aerospace and medical, where high-performance and lightweight materials are required. However, its hardness can pose challenges when working with tools, such as cutting pliers, as it can cause damage or wear on the tool's edges.

Aluminium possesses the characteristic of being cold to the touch. This means that when you come into contact with aluminium, it feels cool or cold compared to other materials.

Optyl starts to soften at a temperature range of 80-120°C.

Aluminium is not manufactured through riveting or welding. Riveting and welding are methods used to join or connect different pieces of aluminium together, but they do not involve the actual manufacturing process of aluminium. Aluminium is typically manufactured through a process called electrolysis, where alumina (aluminium oxide) is dissolved in a molten cryolite bath and then subjected to an electric current to extract pure aluminium metal.

The colour on a Cellulose Nitrate frame is produced through the process of lacquering and dyeing. Lacquering involves applying a layer of lacquer, which is a clear or colored coating, onto the frame. This helps to protect the frame and enhance its appearance. Dyeing, on the other hand, involves immersing the frame in a dye solution, allowing the dye to penetrate the cellulose nitrate material and impart color to it. Together, lacquering and dyeing create a vibrant and durable color on the Cellulose Nitrate frame.

Injection moulding is a manufacturing process used to produce frames and joints. It involves injecting molten material, typically plastic, into a mould cavity. The material is then cooled and solidified to form the desired shape. Injection moulding is commonly used for mass production as it allows for high production rates and consistent quality. It is a versatile process that can be used to produce complex shapes with tight tolerances.

Optyl frames are identified by their partially reinforced sides. This means that the sides of the frames have additional support or reinforcement in certain areas. This feature distinguishes Optyl frames from other types of frames, which may not have this reinforcement.

Optyl frames are produced using injection molding. This process involves injecting molten material, in this case Optyl, into a mold cavity. The material then solidifies and takes the shape of the mold, forming the joints of the frames. Injection molding is a commonly used manufacturing method for producing plastic products as it allows for high production volumes, precise and complex shapes, and efficient production times.

The colours in SPX are created through the process of lacquering and dyeing. Lacquering involves applying a layer of lacquer, a clear or colored coating, onto the surface of the material to enhance its appearance and protect it from damage. Dyeing, on the other hand, involves adding color to the material by immersing it in a dye solution or applying the dye directly onto the surface. These two processes work together to create the vibrant and varied colours seen in SPX.

Carbon fibre frames are manufactured using injection moulding. This process involves injecting molten carbon fibre material into a mould cavity, where it takes the desired shape. The molten material is then cooled and solidified, resulting in a strong and lightweight carbon fibre frame. Injection moulding is a commonly used method in the manufacturing of carbon fibre frames due to its efficiency and ability to create complex shapes with high precision.

Cellulose acetate is manufactured through a process called routing. Routing involves cutting or shaping the cellulose acetate material using a routing machine or tool. This process allows for precise and accurate shaping of the material into the desired form. Injection moulding and compression moulding are not suitable methods for manufacturing cellulose acetate as they involve melting the material and injecting it into a mould or compressing it under heat and pressure, which is not applicable to cellulose acetate.

The joints of a cellulose nitrate frame are attached by pinning them together. This means that small pins or rods are inserted into the joints to hold them in place. This method ensures a secure and stable connection between the joints and the frame.

Joints on carbon fibre frames are produced using a method called pinning. This involves using pins or fasteners to connect different parts of the frame together. This method allows for flexibility and ease of assembly, as well as providing a strong and secure joint. Injection moulding and compression moulding are not commonly used for producing joints on carbon fibre frames, as they are more suitable for creating the overall shape of the frame itself.

Optyl frames are brittle because they are able to withstand high temperatures.

Cellulose nitrate frames are produced through the process of injection moulding. This involves injecting molten cellulose nitrate material into a mould cavity, which is then cooled and solidified to form the desired frame shape. Injection moulding is a common manufacturing method for producing plastic products, as it allows for high production volumes, precise control over the final product, and the ability to create complex shapes.

Perspex is a type of acrylic plastic that has a high melting point. It starts to soften at a temperature of 68°C. This means that at this temperature, the Perspex becomes more pliable and can be easily molded or shaped. It is important to note that this is the temperature at which softening begins, and further heating can cause the Perspex to melt completely.

Polyamide frames soften at a temperature of 95°C. At this point, the material undergoes a phase transition and becomes more malleable or pliable. This temperature is crucial for various applications that involve shaping or molding polyamide frames, such as in the manufacturing of eyeglasses or other plastic products. It is important to reach this specific temperature to ensure the frames can be easily manipulated and formed into the desired shape.

The joints on an acrylic frame are produced by using pins. This means that the different parts of the frame are connected together using small pins, which hold them securely in place. This method of joining is commonly used in acrylic frames as it provides a strong and durable connection between the parts. Heat insertion, compression molding, and injection molding are not the correct methods for producing joints on an acrylic frame.

Cellulose acetate frames are known for their reinforced sides, which provide extra durability and strength to the frame. This feature makes them less likely to break or bend under pressure. Additionally, cellulose acetate frames have a high resistance to impact, meaning they can withstand accidental drops or bumps without getting damaged easily. These characteristics make cellulose acetate frames a popular choice for eyewear as they offer both style and durability.

The colour in acrylic frames is made through the process of lamination. Lamination involves applying a layer of colored material onto the surface of the acrylic frame, which gives it the desired color. This process helps to enhance the appearance of the frame and make it more visually appealing.

The correct answer is "All of the above" because polymethylmethacrylate, also known as PMMA, is commonly referred to as Perspex and acrylic resin. These terms are used interchangeably to describe the same frame material.

Joints in nylon frames are produced through the process of injection moulding. This involves melting the nylon material and injecting it into a mould cavity, where it cools and solidifies to form the desired shape. Injection moulding is a commonly used method for manufacturing plastic parts, as it allows for high production volumes and precise control over the final product.

Polyamide is the correct answer because it is a type of synthetic polymer that is commonly used in the production of frames for eyeglasses. It is known for its durability, flexibility, and lightweight properties, making it an ideal material for eyewear. Polyamide frames are also resistant to heat and chemicals, making them suitable for various environments and conditions.

Heat insertion and ultrasonic are two possible ways to attach the joints produced in cellulose acetate frames. Heat insertion involves heating the joint area and inserting the two pieces together, allowing them to cool and form a secure bond. Ultrasonic attachment, on the other hand, uses high-frequency vibrations to create friction and heat at the joint, causing the material to melt and fuse together. Both methods provide strong and durable connections for cellulose acetate frames.

The frame is manufactured through a process called routing. Routing involves using a machine to cut and shape the frame material, usually wood or plastic, into the desired shape and size. This process allows for precise and accurate cuts, resulting in a high-quality frame.

Nylon frames are made through the process of compression moulding. This involves heating the nylon material until it becomes soft and pliable, then placing it into a mould and applying pressure to compress it into the desired shape. The pressure and heat help to ensure that the nylon material fills the mould completely and evenly, resulting in a strong and durable frame. This method is commonly used in the production of nylon frames due to its efficiency and ability to create complex shapes.