Foundation Of Nursing Trivia Test! Practice Quiz

The nurse should listen to the concerns of the family and answer their questions honestly. This approach respects the family's autonomy and allows them to make an informed decision about organ donation. It also helps to build trust between the nurse and the family, as they navigate through this difficult situation. By providing accurate information and addressing their concerns, the nurse can support the family in making the decision that is best for them.

The patient is best placed in the supine position for abdominal inspection. The supine position refers to lying flat on the back with the face upward. This position allows easy access to the abdomen and provides a clear view of the abdominal area for inspection. It also allows for proper examination and palpation of the abdomen by the healthcare provider.

The new head nurse should discuss the problem with her supervisor because they are responsible for addressing staffing issues and finding solutions. Complaining to her fellow nurses may not lead to any action being taken, and waiting until she knows more about the unit may only prolong the problem. Informing the staff that they must volunteer to rotate is not a viable solution as it may not be feasible or fair to expect staff to volunteer for unpopular shifts. Therefore, discussing the problem with her supervisor is the most appropriate course of action.

When assessing respirations, it is important to check multiple parameters to gather a comprehensive understanding of the individual's breathing. The rate of respirations refers to the number of breaths per minute, which can indicate any abnormalities or distress. Rhythm refers to the regularity and pattern of breaths, which can help identify irregularities or abnormal breathing patterns. Symmetry refers to the equality of chest movements during breathing, which can indicate any asymmetrical or uneven breathing. Therefore, checking all of these parameters is crucial for a thorough assessment of respirations.

Dorothea Orem: Known for the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory.

Virginia Henderson: Recognized for her definition of nursing and the 14 basic needs of patients.

Florence Nightingale: Developed the Environmental Theory, highlighting the importance of a clean, well-ventilated, and quiet environment for patient recovery.

Hildegard Peplau: Known for her theory of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing.

The holistic approach provides for a therapeutic relationship, continuity, and efficient nursing care. This principle recognizes that patients are not just physical beings, but also have emotional, mental, and spiritual needs. By addressing all aspects of a patient's well-being, nurses can establish a therapeutic relationship, which promotes trust and open communication. This approach also emphasizes the importance of continuity of care, ensuring that patients receive consistent and coordinated care throughout their healthcare journey. Additionally, by considering the patient as a whole, nurses can provide efficient and effective nursing care that meets the unique needs of each individual.

The correct answer is "Person, environment, health, nursing." This answer aligns with the four main concepts common to nursing that appear in each of the current conceptual models. These concepts include the person or individual receiving care, the environment in which the care is provided, the health of the individual, and the role of nursing in providing that care. The answer "Person, nursing, environment, medicine" includes the concept of medicine, which is not one of the four main concepts common to nursing. The answer "Person, health, nursing, support systems" includes the concept of support systems, which is not one of the four main concepts common to nursing. The answer "Person, health, psychology, nursing" includes the concept of psychology, which is not one of the four main concepts common to nursing. Therefore, the correct answer is "Person, environment, health, nursing."

The nurse could be charged with malpractice because malpractice refers to the failure of a professional to provide the standard of care expected in their field, resulting in harm or injury to a patient. In this case, the nurse's momentary distraction and failure to ensure the safety of the infant resulted in the baby falling off the scale and suffering a skull fracture. This incident could be seen as a breach of the nurse's duty of care towards the patient, which is a key element in a malpractice claim.

Maslow's hierarchy of physiological needs states that the most basic and fundamental need for humans is oxygen. Without oxygen, the body cannot function properly and sustain life. Oxygen is essential for the process of respiration, which provides energy to the body's cells. It is necessary for the functioning of vital organs and systems, including the brain and cardiovascular system. Therefore, oxygen is of utmost priority in meeting the physiological needs of humans.

Administering penicillin to a patient with a known allergy to the drug is an example of nursing malpractice. This action goes against the standard of care and puts the patient at risk. The patient's allergic reaction and subsequent cerebral damage resulting from anoxia further highlight the severity of the malpractice.

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In this case, the systolic blood pressure is 150 and the diastolic blood pressure is 96. Therefore, the pulse pressure can be calculated by subtracting the diastolic pressure from the systolic pressure: 150 - 96 = 54. Hence, the correct answer is 54.

The correct sequence for assessing the abdomen is auscultation, percussion, and palpation. This order allows the healthcare provider to first listen for bowel sounds and abnormal sounds using a stethoscope. Then, percussion is performed by tapping on the abdomen to assess the density of underlying organs and detect any abnormal fluid or masses. Finally, palpation is done to assess for tenderness, masses, and organ enlargement. This sequence is followed to ensure a systematic and thorough examination of the abdomen.

Orthopnea is a term used to describe difficulty breathing while lying flat. It is relieved by elevating the head of the bed or sitting upright. In this scenario, the nurse observed that Mr. Adams had increased difficulty breathing, but it improved when the head of the bed was elevated. Therefore, the nurse would document this breathing as orthopnea. Tachypnea refers to rapid breathing, eupnea refers to normal breathing, and hyperventilation refers to excessive breathing.

The correct answer is mashed potatoes and broiled chicken. This is because both mashed potatoes and broiled chicken are low in sodium. The other options, such as the ham and Swiss cheese sandwich and chicken bouillon, are likely to be higher in sodium content. Similarly, the tossed salad with oil and vinegar and olives may also have a higher sodium content due to the olives and salad dressing. Therefore, mashed potatoes and broiled chicken would be the best choice for someone on a 500-mg low sodium diet.

If a patient asks a nurse for her opinion about a particular physician and the nurse responds by stating that the physician is incompetent, the nurse could be held liable for slander. Slander refers to making false spoken statements that damage a person's reputation. In this case, if the nurse's statement is false and harms the physician's professional reputation, it could be considered slanderous and the nurse may face legal consequences for making such statements.

The guaiac test is used to detect the presence of blood in the stool, which can indicate bleeding from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Since the patient is experiencing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and severe abdominal pain, a positive guaiac test would immediately alert the nurse that the patient is likely experiencing bleeding from the GI tract. The other options, such as the complete blood count, vital signs, and abdominal girth, may provide additional information but are not specific indicators of GI bleeding.

The patient's oral temperature of 99.8 F (37.7 C) is slightly elevated, but not high enough to indicate an infection. Hypothermia refers to low body temperature, which is not the case here. Anxiety can cause a temporary increase in body temperature, but it is unlikely to be the cause in this scenario. Therefore, the most likely explanation for the elevated temperature is dehydration, as the patient has been kept off food and fluids for 10 hours before surgery.

During a Romberg test, the nurse asks the patient to assume the standing position. This is because the Romberg test is a neurological examination that assesses the patient's balance and proprioception. By asking the patient to stand with their feet together and arms by their side, the nurse can evaluate any loss of balance or swaying that may indicate a problem with the patient's sensory or motor function. The standing position allows for a more accurate assessment of the patient's ability to maintain balance without any external support.

Maintaining the patient in an orthopneic position can help alleviate dyspnea and shortness of breath. This position involves sitting upright and leaning forward, which allows for maximum expansion of the lungs and can improve breathing. It helps to reduce the work of breathing and increase lung capacity, making it easier for the patient to breathe. Administering oxygen may also be necessary, but the orthopneic position is the most appropriate nursing order to address the immediate symptom of dyspnea.

Asian patients may exhibit different cultural expressions of pain compared to Western patients. Immobility, diaphoresis (excessive sweating), and avoidance of deep breathing or coughing are signs that an Asian patient may be experiencing postoperative pain. This is because Asian cultures often value stoicism and may not openly express pain or discomfort. Decreased blood pressure and heart rate and shallow respirations are not specific signs of pain. Quiet crying and changing position every 2 hours are not indicative of postoperative pain in Asian patients.

If a nurse administers an injection to a patient who refuses it, she has committed assault and battery. Assault refers to the intentional act of causing apprehension of harmful or offensive contact, while battery refers to the actual harmful or offensive contact itself. In this situation, the patient's refusal indicates their lack of consent, and the nurse's act of administering the injection against their will constitutes both assault (causing apprehension) and battery (the actual contact). Negligence and malpractice do not accurately describe the nurse's actions in this scenario.

The vital signs of a patient are important indicators of their overall health. In this case, the patient's axillary temperature is slightly elevated at 99.6 F (37.6 C), which could indicate a mild fever or an underlying infection. Additionally, the patient's respiratory rate is elevated at 30 breaths per minute, which is higher than the normal range. This could suggest respiratory distress or an underlying respiratory condition. Therefore, both the temperature and respiratory rate findings should be reported to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and possible intervention.

The correct answer is "All of the above" because for a rectal examination, the patient can be directed to assume any of these three positions: Genupectoral, Sims, or Horizontal recumbent. These positions allow for better access and visualization of the rectal area, making the examination easier and more comfortable for both the patient and the healthcare provider.

High-pitched gurgles heard over the right lower quadrant are considered normal bowel sounds. Bowel sounds are produced by the movement of the intestines and are an important indicator of gastrointestinal function. Normal bowel sounds indicate that the intestines are functioning properly and there is no obstruction or abnormality present. This is a positive finding and is not indicative of any specific pathology or symptom.

The correct answer is giving the patient breakfast. In this scenario, the physician has ordered a platelet count to be performed on Mrs. Smith after breakfast. The nurse's responsibility in this situation would be to ensure that the patient receives breakfast before the test is conducted. This is important because certain foods or medications can affect the results of the platelet count, so it is necessary for the patient to have breakfast before the test. The nurse is not responsible for instructing the patient about the test or writing the order, as these tasks would typically be performed by the physician.