Foundation Of Nursing Test

Handwashing is important to prevent the transfer of microorganisms. When we wash our hands with soap and water, we remove dirt, germs, and bacteria that may be present on our hands. This helps to reduce the risk of spreading infections and diseases to ourselves and others. Proper hand hygiene is especially crucial in healthcare settings, where healthcare professionals come into contact with patients and their bodily fluids. By regularly practicing handwashing, we can effectively break the chain of infection and maintain a safe and healthy environment.

The most important purpose of cleansing bed bath is to cleanse, refresh, and give comfort to the client who must remain in bed. This process helps maintain hygiene and cleanliness, preventing infections and promoting overall well-being. It also provides a sense of comfort and relaxation to the client, improving their mood and quality of life. Additionally, bed baths can help improve circulation and prevent skin breakdown, making it an essential part of care for individuals who are unable to bathe themselves.

CBR stands for Complete Bed Rest, which refers to a medical recommendation for a patient to remain in bed and limit their physical activity. This is often prescribed to individuals who are recovering from an illness or surgery, as it allows their body to rest and heal. The other options, Cardiac Board Room, Complete Bathroom, and Complete Board Room, do not have any medical relevance and are unrelated to the concept of bed rest.

The stethoscope is an instrument specifically designed for auscultation, which is the act of listening to internal sounds of the body. It consists of a chest piece, usually with a diaphragm and bell, connected to earpieces by tubing. The diaphragm is used to listen to high-frequency sounds, such as lung and heart sounds, while the bell is used to listen to low-frequency sounds, such as murmurs. The stethoscope is widely used by healthcare professionals to assess and diagnose various medical conditions.

The term "bed making" refers to the process of preparing a bed with a new set of linens. This involves removing the old sheets and pillowcases, replacing them with fresh ones, and arranging the bed in a neat and tidy manner. Bed making is an essential task in maintaining cleanliness and comfort in a bedroom or a healthcare setting.

Inspection is the technique that involves the sense of sight. It refers to visually examining the patient's body for any abnormalities or changes in appearance. This can include observing the skin, posture, movements, and overall physical characteristics. Through inspection, healthcare professionals can gather important visual information that may aid in diagnosing and treating the patient's condition. Palpation, percussion, and auscultation, on the other hand, involve the sense of touch, tapping, and listening respectively.

The nurse asked the client to read the Snellen chart, which is used to assess visual acuity. Visual acuity is a measure of how well a person can see and is primarily dependent on the functioning of the optic nerve. The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. Therefore, by asking the client to read the Snellen chart, the nurse is testing the client's optic nerve function.

The correct answer is Sims left lateral. This position is commonly used for administering a cleansing enema because it allows for easy access to the rectum and promotes the flow of the enema solution. In the Sims left lateral position, the patient lies on their left side with the upper knee flexed and the lower arm positioned behind the back. This position helps to relax the abdominal muscles and facilitates the insertion of the enema tube into the rectum.

Auscultation is a technique in physical examination that is used to assess the movement of air through the tracheobronchial tree. This involves listening to the sounds produced by the lungs and airways using a stethoscope. By auscultating the chest, healthcare professionals can detect abnormal breath sounds, such as wheezing or crackles, which can indicate conditions like asthma or pneumonia. This technique helps in evaluating the respiratory function and identifying any potential issues or abnormalities in the tracheobronchial tree.

Insulin is typically administered through the subcutaneous route. This is because subcutaneous injections allow for a slower and more controlled absorption of insulin into the bloodstream. Intramuscular administration may lead to faster absorption and potentially unpredictable insulin levels, while intradermal administration is generally used for diagnostic purposes rather than drug delivery. Intravenous administration of insulin is typically reserved for emergency situations, as it results in rapid and immediate effects. Therefore, the most appropriate route of administration for insulin is subcutaneous.

Buccal medication is a type of medication that is placed between the client's cheeks and gums. This route of administration allows the medication to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the oral mucosa. Placing the medication in this location ensures that it is in close proximity to the blood vessels, allowing for rapid absorption and onset of action. This route is commonly used for medications such as sublingual tablets or buccal patches.

Back Care is best described as caring for the back by means of massage. Massage can help alleviate muscle tension, improve circulation, and promote relaxation, all of which can contribute to maintaining a healthy back. By applying pressure and manipulating the muscles, massage can help relieve pain and discomfort, increase flexibility, and prevent injuries. Regular back care through massage can also improve posture and overall spinal health.

The nurse should administer the ampicillin capsule three times a day orally. This means that the medication should be given by mouth, without specifying whether it should be taken before or after meals. The frequency of administration is important to ensure that the medication is effective in treating the infection.

The question is asking for the equivalent value of 20 cc in milliliters. Since 1 cc is equal to 1 ml, the correct answer is 20 ml.

Gait refers to the manner of walking, including the pattern and rhythm of movement. It encompasses factors such as stride length, step width, and the positioning of the limbs during walking. Gait analysis is often used in medical and biomechanical fields to assess and diagnose various conditions and abnormalities related to walking. Therefore, gait is the most appropriate term in this context, as it specifically relates to the manner of walking.

1 cup is equal to 8 ounces.

To prevent contaminating the environment in bed making, it is important to avoid running soiled linens. This means not shaking or handling dirty linens in a way that can release particles or spread contaminants into the air. By avoiding this, the risk of spreading bacteria, allergens, or other harmful substances can be minimized, thus maintaining a clean and safe environment.

Resonance can be best described as sounds created by air-filled lungs. Resonance refers to the amplification and enhancement of sound produced by the vibration of air in the cavities of the body, particularly in the chest and throat. When air passes through these resonating chambers, it creates a rich and vibrant sound that is characteristic of human speech and singing. Therefore, the answer "Sounds created by air-filled lungs" accurately captures the essence of resonance.

The Z-track technique is the best action to prevent tracking of the medication. This technique involves pulling the skin and subcutaneous tissue to one side before injecting the medication, and then releasing it after the injection. This creates a zigzag or "Z" pattern in the tissue, which helps to seal the medication within the muscle and prevent it from leaking into the subcutaneous tissue. Using a small gauge needle may help to minimize tissue damage, but it does not specifically prevent tracking of the medication. Applying ice on the injection site may help to numb the area and reduce discomfort, but it does not prevent tracking. Administering at a 45° angle does not have any impact on preventing tracking.

The client's complaint of difficulty swallowing when trying to take the capsule medication suggests that they may have dysphagia or difficulty swallowing solid substances. Checking the availability of a liquid preparation would be the appropriate measure to take in this situation. Liquid medications are easier to swallow and would be a suitable alternative for the client. Dissolving the capsule in water or breaking it and mixing it with applesauce may not fully address the client's difficulty swallowing, as they may still have trouble with the texture of the mixture. Placing the crushed capsule under the tongue would not be a suitable option as it may not be effective in delivering the medication.

Inspection is the first technique used to examine the abdomen of a client. This involves visually observing the abdomen for any abnormalities, such as swelling, discoloration, or scars. It allows the healthcare provider to gather initial information about the client's condition before proceeding with other examination techniques. Palpation, auscultation, and percussion are also important techniques used in abdominal examination, but they are typically performed after inspection to gather more detailed information about the client's abdominal organs and structures.

The knee-chest position is also known as the genu-pectoral position. This position is achieved by the patient kneeling on their knees and resting their chest on the bed or examination table, with their buttocks elevated. It is commonly used in medical examinations and procedures involving the rectum and anus, as it allows for better access and visualization of the area. The term "genu-pectoral" refers to the positioning of the knees (genu) and chest (pectoral) in this posture.

The safest way to identify the client before administering medication is to ask the client his name. This ensures that the nurse is administering the medication to the correct person. Checking the client's identification band may not be reliable as it could be misplaced or switched with another person. Stating the client's name aloud and having the client repeat it may not be as effective as directly asking the client his name. Checking the room number does not provide sufficient verification of the client's identity.

The knee-chest position is the best position for examining the rectum. In this position, the patient kneels on the examination table and rests their chest on the table, while their buttocks are elevated in the air. This position allows for better visualization and access to the rectal area, making it easier for the healthcare provider to perform a thorough examination. The prone position, on the other hand, involves lying face down, which may not provide optimal access to the rectum. The Sim's position involves lying on the left side with the right knee and thigh flexed, which is more commonly used for vaginal examinations. The lithotomy position involves lying on the back with the legs raised and flexed, which is commonly used for gynecological and urological examinations.

One teaspoon is equal to 60 drops.