First Semester Biology Review 2011-2012

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  • 1/155 Questions

    The set of skills or steps that scientists use to answer questions is the ____________________

    • Controlled experiment
    • Scientific method
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About This Quiz

This quiz titled 'First semester Biology review 2011-2012' assesses foundational concepts in biology, focusing on genetics, cell division, and characteristics of living organisms. It tests understanding of mutations, mitosis, and biological responses, essential for learners studying biology.

Genetics Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    Sperm and eggs are known as ___________________

    • Sex cells

    • Sex chromosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Sex cells
    Explanation
    Sperm and eggs are known as sex cells because they are the specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction. These cells carry the genetic information (chromosomes) necessary for the development of a new individual. During fertilization, a sperm cell (from the male) and an egg cell (from the female) combine to form a zygote, which eventually develops into a new organism. Therefore, sex cells play a crucial role in determining the genetic traits and characteristics of offspring.

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  • 3. 

    All cells are surrounded by a structure called a ____________________.

    • Cell membrane

    • Cytoplasm

    Correct Answer
    A. Cell membrane
    Explanation
    All cells are surrounded by a structure called a cell membrane. The cell membrane acts as a protective barrier, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that help in various cellular processes such as transport, signaling, and cell recognition. The cell membrane is essential for maintaining the integrity and homeostasis of the cell.

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  • 4. 

    A monkey is made up of trillions of

    • Stimuli

    • Eggs

    • Minerals

    • Cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Cells
    Explanation
    A monkey is made up of trillions of cells. Cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms, including monkeys. They are responsible for carrying out various functions in the body, such as growth, reproduction, and repair. Without cells, a monkey would not be able to survive or function properly.

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  • 5. 

    The passing of traits from parents to offspring is

    • Probability

    • Heredity

    • Recessive

    • Meiosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Heredity
    Explanation
    Heredity is the correct answer because it refers to the passing of traits from parents to offspring. It involves the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next, resulting in similarities and variations among individuals. Heredity is responsible for the inheritance of physical characteristics, such as eye color, hair type, and height, as well as the transmission of genetic disorders and predispositions.

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  • 6. 

    A person has about 200 different kinds of cells, each specialized to do a particular job. This means that the person

    • Does not need tissues.

    • Does not need organs.

    • Is multicellular.

    • Is unicellular.

    Correct Answer
    A. Is multicellular.
    Explanation
    The statement "A person has about 200 different kinds of cells, each specialized to do a particular job" implies that the person is made up of multiple cells that have specific functions. This indicates that the person is multicellular, as multicellular organisms are composed of more than one cell. Therefore, the correct answer is "is multicellular."

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  • 7. 

    The transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring is

    • Development

    • Metabolism

    • Heredity

    • Homeostasis

    Correct Answer
    A. Heredity
    Explanation
    Heredity refers to the transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring. It involves the passing on of genetic information from one generation to the next, resulting in the inheritance of traits and features. This process is responsible for the similarities and variations observed within a species and is influenced by genetic factors. Heredity plays a crucial role in the development and evolution of living organisms.

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  • 8. 

    You are made up of about 100 trillion cells; however, you began as

    • An organ.

    • A glob of gooey cytoplasm.

    • An organelle.

    • A single cell.

    Correct Answer
    A. A single cell.
    Explanation
    The explanation for the correct answer, "a single cell," is that although the human body is composed of approximately 100 trillion cells, it all started from a single cell. During the process of fertilization, a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, resulting in the formation of a single cell called a zygote. This zygote then undergoes multiple cell divisions, giving rise to all the different cell types and tissues that make up the human body. Therefore, the initial stage of human development begins with a single cell.

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  • 9. 

    ____________________ reproduction requires two parents to produce offspring that will share characteristics of both parents.

    • Asexual

    • Sexual

    Correct Answer
    A. Sexual
    Explanation
    Sexual reproduction requires two parents to produce offspring that will share characteristics of both parents. This involves the fusion of gametes, such as sperm and egg, from each parent to create a genetically diverse offspring. This process allows for genetic variation and adaptation to changing environments. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, only involves one parent and results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

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  • 10. 

    The different stages that a cell goes through in its lifetime is known as the ____________________.

    • Mitosis

    • Meiosis

    • Cell cycle

    Correct Answer
    A. Cell cycle
    Explanation
    The cell cycle refers to the different stages that a cell goes through in its lifetime, including interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, carries out its normal functions, and replicates its DNA. Mitosis is the process of cell division where the replicated DNA is evenly distributed into two daughter cells. Cytokinesis is the final stage where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate cells. Therefore, the cell cycle encompasses all these stages and is the correct answer.

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  • 11. 

    When Mendel performed genetic crosses, the traits that seemed to dissapear were ____________________.

    • Dominant traits

    • Recessive traits

    Correct Answer
    A. Recessive traits
    Explanation
    When Mendel performed genetic crosses, the traits that seemed to disappear were recessive traits. This is because recessive traits are masked or hidden by dominant traits in the presence of a dominant allele. When two individuals with different alleles for a particular trait are crossed, the dominant trait will be expressed in the offspring, while the recessive trait will appear to disappear. However, the recessive trait can still be passed on to future generations if both parents carry the recessive allele.

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  • 12. 

    In ____________________ reproduction, only one parent cell is needed for reproduction

    • Sexual

    • Asexual

    Correct Answer
    A. Asexual
    Explanation
    In asexual reproduction, only one parent cell is needed for reproduction. This type of reproduction involves the production of offspring that are genetically identical or very similar to the parent organism. This can occur through various methods such as binary fission, budding, or fragmentation. Asexual reproduction allows for rapid reproduction and colonization of new habitats, as there is no need to find a mate or undergo the process of fertilization. This form of reproduction is commonly observed in single-celled organisms, plants, and some animals.

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  • 13. 

    In ____________________ reproduction, two parent cells join together to form a new individual.

    • Asexual

    • Sexual

    Correct Answer
    A. Sexual
    Explanation
    Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two parent cells, typically a male and a female, to form a new individual. This process allows for genetic variation as each parent contributes half of their genetic material to the offspring. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, does not involve the fusion of two parent cells and instead produces genetically identical offspring through methods such as budding or binary fission. Therefore, the correct answer is sexual reproduction.

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  • 14. 

    Ultraviolet radiation from the sun is known to cause mutations in ____ cells that can lead to cancer, which is why you should wear sunscreen in the summertime

    • Skin

    • Liver

    • Brain

    • Heart

    Correct Answer
    A. Skin
    Explanation
    Ultraviolet radiation from the sun is known to cause mutations in skin cells that can lead to cancer, which is why you should wear sunscreen in the summertime. Skin cells are directly exposed to the sun's rays and are therefore more susceptible to the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. Protecting the skin with sunscreen helps to minimize the risk of mutations and the development of skin cancer.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following is NOT one of the six steps of the scientific method?

    • Ask a question

    • Test a hypothesis

    • Draw conclusions

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. None of the above
    Explanation
    The question asks for the step that is NOT part of the scientific method. The first three options, "ask a question," "test a hypothesis," and "draw conclusions," are all steps in the scientific method. Therefore, the correct answer is "none of the above," indicating that all of the given options are part of the six steps of the scientific method.

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  • 16. 

    Exocytosis means

    • "within the cell."

    • "outside the cell."

    • "made by light."

    • "breathing."

    Correct Answer
    A. "outside the cell."
    Explanation
    Exocytosis refers to the process in which substances are released from a cell by fusing the membrane-bound vesicles containing these substances with the cell membrane, allowing them to be expelled outside the cell. This process is essential for various cellular functions such as secretion of hormones, neurotransmitters, and enzymes. Therefore, the correct answer is "outside the cell."

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  • 17. 

    DNA provides instructions for making

    • Proteins

    • Simple carbohydrates.

    • Complex carbohydrates.

    • Lipids

    Correct Answer
    A. Proteins
    Explanation
    DNA provides instructions for making proteins. Proteins are essential molecules in living organisms that perform various functions such as catalyzing biochemical reactions, providing structural support, and acting as signaling molecules. DNA contains the genetic code that determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein. This information is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into a specific sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. Therefore, DNA serves as a blueprint for the production of proteins.

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  • 18. 

    In a DNA molecule, which of the following bases pair together?

    • Adenine and cytosine

    • Thymine and adenine

    • Thymine and guanine

    • Cytosine and thymine

    Correct Answer
    A. Thymine and adenine
    Explanation
    In a DNA molecule, thymine and adenine bases pair together. This is because they have a complementary structure that allows hydrogen bonding between them. Adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine, while thymine forms two hydrogen bonds with adenine. This base pairing is crucial for DNA replication and transcription, as it ensures that the genetic information is accurately copied and transmitted.

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  • 19. 

    An organism that makes its own food is called a ____________________.

    • Consumer

    • Producer

    • Decomposer

    Correct Answer
    A. Producer
    Explanation
    An organism that makes its own food is called a producer. Producers, such as plants and some types of bacteria, are able to convert sunlight into energy through a process called photosynthesis. They use this energy to synthesize organic molecules, such as glucose, which serve as their source of food. This ability to produce their own food sets producers apart from consumers and decomposers, which rely on consuming other organisms or organic matter for energy.

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  • 20. 

    When an extra base is added to an organism's DNA, the mutation is known as an ____________________.

    • Substitution

    • Insertion

    • Deletion

    Correct Answer
    A. Insertion
    Explanation
    When an extra base is added to an organism's DNA, it results in a mutation known as an insertion. This means that an additional nucleotide is inserted into the DNA sequence, disrupting the original order of bases. This can lead to significant changes in the genetic code and potentially affect the functioning of genes and proteins. Insertions can have various effects, ranging from mild to severe, depending on the location and size of the inserted segment.

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  • 21. 

    ____________________ is the study of living things

    • Earth science

    • Life Science

    Correct Answer
    A. Life Science
    Explanation
    Life Science is the study of living things, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. It involves understanding their structure, function, behavior, and interactions with their environment. This field of science encompasses various sub-disciplines such as biology, botany, zoology, and ecology. Life Science plays a crucial role in advancing our knowledge of life on Earth, contributing to fields such as medicine, agriculture, and conservation.

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  • 22. 

    Human body cells have 23 pairs of ____________________.

    • Chromatids

    • Chromosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Chromosomes
    Explanation
    Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of DNA and proteins that contain the genetic information of an individual. Each chromosome consists of two chromatids, which are identical copies of DNA that are held together by a centromere. The presence of 23 pairs of chromosomes in human cells is a characteristic of normal human karyotype.

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  • 23. 

    The trait that seems to dissapear in the background in first-generation offspring is the

    • Genotype

    • Phenotype

    • Dominant trait.

    • Recessive trait.

    Correct Answer
    A. Recessive trait.
    Explanation
    In genetics, traits can be classified as dominant or recessive. Dominant traits are always expressed in the phenotype, while recessive traits are only expressed if an individual has two copies of the recessive allele. In first-generation offspring, the recessive trait may appear to disappear because it is masked by the presence of the dominant trait. However, the recessive trait can still be passed on to future generations if both parents carry the recessive allele.

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  • 24. 

    Chargaff's rules are represented as

    • A = T and G = C.

    • A = G and T = C.

    • A = C and T = G.

    • T = C and G = A.

    Correct Answer
    A. A = T and G = C.
    Explanation
    Chargaff's rules state that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) is equal to the amount of thymine (T), and the amount of guanine (G) is equal to the amount of cytosine (C). This means that A and T always pair together, and G and C always pair together. Therefore, the correct representation of Chargaff's rules is A = T and G = C.

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  • 25. 

    ____ used plants to study the way traits are passed from parents to offspring.

    • Mendel

    • Punnett

    • Sutton

    • Allele

    Correct Answer
    A. Mendel
    Explanation
    Mendel used plants to study the way traits are passed from parents to offspring. He conducted experiments with pea plants and observed how different traits, such as flower color and seed shape, were inherited by offspring. Through his experiments, Mendel discovered the principles of inheritance and developed the laws of genetics, which laid the foundation for our understanding of how traits are passed down through generations.

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  • 26. 

    Refers to all of the chemical activities that an organism's cells perform

    • Metabolism

    • Heredity

    Correct Answer
    A. Metabolism
    Explanation
    Metabolism refers to all of the chemical activities that an organism's cells perform. It includes processes such as breaking down food molecules to release energy, building new molecules for growth and repair, and eliminating waste products. Metabolism is essential for maintaining the normal functioning of cells and the overall survival of an organism. It is a complex and highly regulated process that involves various biochemical reactions and pathways.

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  • 27. 

    The process of maintaining a stable internal environment is known as ____________________

    • Heredity

    • Homeostasis

    Correct Answer
    A. Homeostasis
    Explanation
    Homeostasis refers to the process of maintaining a stable internal environment within an organism. It involves the regulation of various physiological variables such as body temperature, pH levels, and blood sugar levels, among others. Through homeostasis, the body is able to adjust and balance these variables in order to ensure optimal functioning and survival. This process is essential for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, and organs, allowing them to carry out their specific functions efficiently.

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  • 28. 

    Male sex cells are called _____________________.

    • Egg cells

    • Sperm cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Sperm cells
    Explanation
    Male sex cells are called sperm cells. Sperm cells are produced in the testes and are responsible for fertilizing the egg cell during sexual reproduction. They contain genetic material and are specialized for motility, allowing them to swim towards the egg for fertilization to occur.

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  • 29. 

    Chargaff's rules state that the amount of ____________________ in DNA is always equal to the amount of guanine.

    • Cytosine

    • Adenine

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytosine
    Explanation
    Chargaff's rules state that the amount of cytosine in DNA is always equal to the amount of guanine. This means that the number of cytosine nucleotides is always equal to the number of guanine nucleotides in a DNA molecule. These rules are important in understanding the base pairing rules in DNA, where cytosine always pairs with guanine and adenine always pairs with thymine. Therefore, if the amount of guanine is known, according to Chargaff's rules, the amount of cytosine can be determined.

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  • 30. 

    ____________________ is the passing of traits from one generation to the next

    • Heredity

    • Homeostasis

    Correct Answer
    A. Heredity
    Explanation
    Heredity refers to the transmission of traits or characteristics from parents to offspring through genetic information. This process occurs during reproduction and ensures that genetic material is passed on to future generations. It involves the inheritance of genes, which determine various physical and biological traits in individuals. Through heredity, traits such as eye color, height, and susceptibility to certain diseases can be passed down from parents to their children.

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  • 31. 

    A ____________________ is a membrane-covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life.

    • Cytoplasm

    • Cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Cell
    Explanation
    A cell is a membrane-covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life. It is the basic unit of life and is responsible for carrying out all of the functions necessary for an organism to survive and reproduce. The cell membrane acts as a barrier, allowing certain substances to enter and exit the cell, while the cytoplasm contains all of the organelles and molecules necessary for cellular processes such as metabolism and protein synthesis. Therefore, a cell is the correct answer as it encompasses all of the components needed for life.

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  • 32. 

    If a mutation occurs in the DNA of ____ cells, it can be passed from one generation to the next.

    • Brain

    • Sex

    • Heart

    • Muscle

    Correct Answer
    A. Sex
    Explanation
    If a mutation occurs in the DNA of sex cells, such as sperm or egg cells, it can be passed from one generation to the next. This is because sex cells are involved in reproduction and contribute genetic material to the offspring. Mutations in other types of cells, such as brain, heart, or muscle cells, may affect the individual in which they occur but are not typically passed on to future generations.

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  • 33. 

    Scientific knowledge changes and grows due to

    • Asking new questions and reexamining old ones.

    • The use of new technologies.

    • The discovery of new information.

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    Scientific knowledge is constantly evolving and expanding through various processes. Asking new questions and reexamining old ones allows scientists to explore uncharted territories and challenge existing theories. The use of new technologies enables researchers to gather data more efficiently and accurately, leading to new discoveries. Additionally, the discovery of new information, whether through experiments, observations, or analysis, contributes to the advancement of scientific knowledge. Therefore, all of the mentioned factors - asking new questions, reexamining old ones, using new technologies, and discovering new information - play a crucial role in the growth and development of scientific knowledge.

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  • 34. 

    Different ____ work together in an organ.

    • Organ systems

    • Tissues

    • Organisms

    • Prokaryotes

    Correct Answer
    A. Tissues
    Explanation
    An organ is made up of different tissues that work together to perform specific functions. Each tissue is a group of cells that have similar structures and functions. Therefore, the correct answer is tissues.

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  • 35. 

    The diffusion of water through the cell membrane is called ____________________.

    • Difussion

    • Osmosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Osmosis
    Explanation
    Osmosis is the correct answer because it refers to the diffusion of water through the cell membrane. This process occurs when there is a difference in solute concentration between the inside and outside of the cell, causing water molecules to move from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Osmosis is essential for maintaining the balance of water and solutes within cells and is a crucial mechanism for various biological processes.

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  • 36. 

    When one base replaces another base, the mutation is known as a ____________________.

    • Insertion

    • Deletion

    • Substitution

    Correct Answer
    A. Substitution
    Explanation
    When one base replaces another base in a DNA sequence, it is known as a substitution mutation. This type of mutation occurs when a nucleotide is incorrectly incorporated during DNA replication, leading to a change in the genetic code. Substitution mutations can have varying effects on the resulting protein, depending on whether the new nucleotide alters the amino acid sequence or not.

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  • 37. 

    A ____________________ organism can exist only as a group of cells

    • Unicellular

    • Multicellular

    Correct Answer
    A. Multicellular
    Explanation
    A multicellular organism is made up of multiple cells that work together to perform various functions. These cells are specialized and organized into different tissues, organs, and systems, allowing the organism to carry out complex tasks. In contrast, a unicellular organism is a single-celled organism that can function independently. Therefore, the given answer, "Multicellular," is correct because it accurately describes an organism that can only exist as a group of cells.

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  • 38. 

    What would the complementary strand of DNA be for the sequence of bases ACCTAGTTG?

    • CAAGCTGGT

    • TGGATCAAC

    • GTTCGACCA

    • ACCTAGTTG

    Correct Answer
    A. TGGATCAAC
    Explanation
    The complementary strand of DNA is formed by pairing each base with its complementary base. In DNA, adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) always pairs with guanine (G). Therefore, to find the complementary strand, we need to replace each base with its complementary base. The sequence ACCTAGTTG has the bases A, C, C, T, A, G, T, T, and G. The complementary bases for these are T, G, G, A, T, C, A, A, and C, respectively. Therefore, the complementary strand of DNA for ACCTAGTTG is TGGATCAAC.

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  • 39. 

    The complementary strand to the DNA sequence TAGTCA would be

    • ATGAGT.

    • GACAGT

    • GTAGAT

    • ATCAGT

    Correct Answer
    A. ATCAGT
    Explanation
    The complementary strand to a DNA sequence is formed by pairing each nucleotide with its complementary base. In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Therefore, the complementary strand to TAGTCA would have adenine (A) instead of thymine (T), thymine (T) instead of adenine (A), cytosine (C) instead of guanine (G), guanine (G) instead of cytosine (C), thymine (T) instead of adenine (A), and adenine (A) instead of thymine (T). Hence, the correct answer is ATCAGT.

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  • 40. 

    Anything that can live on its own is called an ____________________.

    • Organism

    • Plant

    Correct Answer
    A. Organism
    Explanation
    An organism refers to any living thing that can survive and function independently. It includes all forms of life, such as animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. Therefore, an organism is the correct answer as it encompasses all living entities capable of sustaining their own existence.

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  • 41. 

    People who have only one allele for a disease, and who may pass the gene along to their children without knowing it, are called ____________________.

    • Carriers

    • Alleles

    Correct Answer
    A. Carriers
    Explanation
    People who have only one allele for a disease, and who may pass the gene along to their children without knowing it, are called carriers. Carriers are individuals who carry a recessive allele for a genetic disorder but do not exhibit any symptoms themselves. They can pass on the allele to their children, who may then inherit the disorder if they receive a second copy of the allele from the other parent. Carriers are important in understanding the inheritance and prevalence of genetic diseases in populations.

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  • 42. 

    Female sex cells are called _____________________.

    • Egg cells

    • Sperm cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Egg cells
    Explanation
    Female sex cells are called egg cells. This is because egg cells, also known as ova or oocytes, are produced by the ovaries in females and are involved in sexual reproduction. These cells are larger in size compared to sperm cells and contain genetic material that can combine with genetic material from a sperm cell during fertilization to form a new organism.

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  • 43. 

    A ____________________ plant can pollinate its own eggs

    • Self-pollinating

    • Cross-pollinating

    Correct Answer
    A. Self-pollinating
    Explanation
    A self-pollinating plant has the ability to pollinate its own eggs without the need for external agents, such as wind or insects. This is possible because self-pollinating plants have both male and female reproductive organs in the same flower, allowing them to transfer pollen from the male to the female parts of the flower. This ensures fertilization and the production of offspring without the need for genetic exchange with other plants. In contrast, cross-pollinating plants rely on external agents to transfer pollen between different plants of the same species in order to achieve fertilization.

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  • 44. 

    ____________________ is the process that converts the energy in sunlight to energy stored in food.

    • Producer

    • Photosynthesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Photosynthesis
    Explanation
    Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose (a form of sugar) and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, specifically in the chlorophyll pigment. The energy from sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, which is then used as energy for the plant. Therefore, photosynthesis is the correct answer as it accurately describes the process of converting sunlight energy into food energy.

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  • 45. 

    If a single cell is living on its own, it is called a ____________________ organism

    • Single-celled

    • Mutli-cellular

    Correct Answer
    A. Single-celled
    Explanation
    A single cell that is living on its own is referred to as a single-celled organism. This means that the organism is composed of only one cell, which is capable of carrying out all the necessary functions for survival. Single-celled organisms are able to perform all life processes, including reproduction, metabolism, and response to stimuli, within a single cell. Examples of single-celled organisms include bacteria, protozoa, and certain types of algae.

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  • 46. 

    In a pedigree, squares represent

    • Adults

    • Children

    • Females.

    • Males

    Correct Answer
    A. Males
    Explanation
    In a pedigree, squares typically represent males. This is because pedigrees are used to trace the inheritance of traits or genetic conditions through generations, and squares are commonly used to represent male individuals in these diagrams. By using squares for males and circles for females, it becomes easier to visually track the passage of traits or conditions from one generation to the next.

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  • 47. 

    Which statement best describes how decomposers get the food they need to survive?

    • Organisms

    • They obtain energy and food from the chemicals in their environment.

    • They use energy from the sun to make food from water and carbon dioxide.

    • They break down the nutrients in dead organisms or animal wastes.

    Correct Answer
    A. They break down the nutrients in dead organisms or animal wastes.
    Explanation
    Decomposers are organisms that obtain their food by breaking down the nutrients present in dead organisms or animal wastes. They play a crucial role in the ecosystem by decomposing organic matter and returning essential nutrients back into the environment. This process of decomposition helps to recycle nutrients and maintain the balance in the ecosystem. By breaking down dead organisms and animal wastes, decomposers obtain the energy and nutrients they need to survive.

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  • 48. 

    A self-pollinating plant has

    • Anthers

    • A stigma.

    • Both male and female reproductive structures

    • Neither anthers nor a stigma.

    Correct Answer
    A. Both male and female reproductive structures
    Explanation
    A self-pollinating plant has both male and female reproductive structures. This means that it possesses both anthers, which are responsible for producing pollen, and a stigma, which is the receptive part of the female reproductive system that receives the pollen. Having both structures allows the plant to reproduce on its own, without the need for external pollinators such as insects or wind.

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  • 49. 

    Endocytosis means

    • "inside the cell."

    • "outside the cell."

    • "made by light."

    • "breathing."

    Correct Answer
    A. "inside the cell."
    Explanation
    Endocytosis refers to the process by which cells take in substances from their external environment and engulf them into the cell. It involves the formation of a vesicle that encloses the material and brings it inside the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is "inside the cell."

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