Introduction To First Aid

1. What should you do if the neccessary medication (e.g. Aspirin for heart attack) is not there?

Panic

Seek medical help

Get the same medication from passers-by

Leave casualty alone to search for medication

A first-aider should keep calm and not panic so as to be able to access the situation with a clear state of mind.

Medication used should belong to the casualty (part of 5RIGHTS)

Do not leave the casualty alone. Casualty’s condition might worsen when you leave the casualty.

Explanation

A first-aider should keep calm and not panic so as to be able to access the situation with a clear state of mind.

Medication used should belong to the casualty (part of 5RIGHTS)

Do not leave the casualty alone. Casualty’s condition might worsen when you leave the casualty.

2. What are not ways of finding out the symptoms and signs of illness or injury?

By sight

By hearing

By tasting

By smell

Do not do anything that might endanger yourself.

Explanation

Do not do anything that might endanger yourself.

3. Which of the following are not responsibilities of a first aider?

To make sure the casualty is safe, even if it means putting yourself at risk

To identify injury and nature of illness affecting casualty

To access a situation quickly and safely, and summon appropriate help

To give casualty early and appropriate treatment, starting with the most serious conditions first.

The responsibility of a first aider is to provide immediate medical assistance and support to an injured or ill person until professional medical help arrives. However, it is not their responsibility to put themselves at risk in order to ensure the safety of the casualty. The first aider's primary duty is to assess the situation, identify the injury or illness, and provide early and appropriate treatment, prioritizing the most serious conditions first. Summoning appropriate help and ensuring the safety of both the casualty and themselves are also important responsibilities of a first aider.

Explanation

The responsibility of a first aider is to provide immediate medical assistance and support to an injured or ill person until professional medical help arrives. However, it is not their responsibility to put themselves at risk in order to ensure the safety of the casualty. The first aider's primary duty is to assess the situation, identify the injury or illness, and provide early and appropriate treatment, prioritizing the most serious conditions first. Summoning appropriate help and ensuring the safety of both the casualty and themselves are also important responsibilities of a first aider.

4. Which of the following are not guidelines for preventing cross infection?

Cover cuts and grazes on your hands with waterproof dressings

Try not to breathe, cough or sneeze over a wound while you are treating the casualty

If gloves are unavailable, enclose your hands in clean plastic bags

If you prick yourself with any needle found on or near a casualty, continue treating the casualty before treating yourself.

As a first-aider, your personal safety comes first, therefore, when you prick yourself with a needle found near the casualty(which might be contaminated), you should take care of yourself before caring for the casualty

Explanation

As a first-aider, your personal safety comes first, therefore, when you prick yourself with a needle found near the casualty(which might be contaminated), you should take care of yourself before caring for the casualty

5. What is whiplash caused by?

Falling from a height

Crushed by a heavy object for more than 15 minutes

Sudden forces on the body in a car crash

Stepping on something sharp

Whiplash is caused by sudden forces on the body in a car crash. When a car is suddenly stopped or accelerated, the head and neck can be thrown forward and then snap back, causing injury to the soft tissues in the neck. This can result in symptoms such as neck pain, stiffness, headaches, and dizziness. Falling from a height, being crushed by a heavy object, or stepping on something sharp do not typically cause whiplash.

Explanation

Whiplash is caused by sudden forces on the body in a car crash. When a car is suddenly stopped or accelerated, the head and neck can be thrown forward and then snap back, causing injury to the soft tissues in the neck. This can result in symptoms such as neck pain, stiffness, headaches, and dizziness. Falling from a height, being crushed by a heavy object, or stepping on something sharp do not typically cause whiplash.

6. What does U in the AVPU code stand for?

Unconscious

Unresponsive

Unfeeling

Unacceptable

The U in the AVPU code stands for "Unresponsive." This means that the person is not responding to any stimuli or showing any signs of consciousness.

Explanation

The U in the AVPU code stands for "Unresponsive." This means that the person is not responding to any stimuli or showing any signs of consciousness.

7. Which is the first thing you should check when doing primary assessment?

Check whether casualty is conscious

Check whether there are risks to yourself

Check whether there are any risks to the casualty

Shout for help and dial for ambulance

Your personal safety always comes first.

Explanation

Your personal safety always comes first.

8. What does the following symbol mean?

Corrosive Agent

Oxidising Agent

Flammable gas

Compressed gas

The symbol "Compressed gas" refers to a substance that is stored under high pressure in a container. This symbol is used to indicate that the substance inside the container is in a compressed state and could potentially pose a hazard if mishandled or released. It is important to handle compressed gases with caution as they can cause explosions or other accidents if not handled properly.

Explanation

The symbol "Compressed gas" refers to a substance that is stored under high pressure in a container. This symbol is used to indicate that the substance inside the container is in a compressed state and could potentially pose a hazard if mishandled or released. It is important to handle compressed gases with caution as they can cause explosions or other accidents if not handled properly.

9. What does secondary survey not include?

Dialing of ambulance

Finding out what happened

Performing a physical examination

Look for external clues

Dialing of ambulance is not a survey of the environment.

Explanation

Dialing of ambulance is not a survey of the environment.

10. Which of the following is false in a traffic accident?

If possible, treat casualties in the position in which you find them; move them only if they are in danger or to provide life-saving treatment (such as CPR)

Always assume that that there is a neck (spinal) injury in any casualty who has been injured in a traffic accident.

For traffic accidents, place warning triangles at least 5m away from the incident site to alert other road-users.

The first-aider should always make sure that the car engine is switched off and the handbrakes are pulled up.

Option A is true. For casualties in traffic accidents, do not move the casualty unless it is absolutely necessary.
Option B is true. On top of this fact, as a first-aider, do support the casualty's head.
Option C is false. Warning triangles should be placed at least 45/50m away from the incident site to alert other road users. (5m away is too near!)
Option D is true. This will ensure that the vehicle does not move off suddenly.

Explanation

Option A is true. For casualties in traffic accidents, do not move the casualty unless it is absolutely necessary.
Option B is true. On top of this fact, as a first-aider, do support the casualty's head.
Option C is false. Warning triangles should be placed at least 45/50m away from the incident site to alert other road users. (5m away is too near!)
Option D is true. This will ensure that the vehicle does not move off suddenly.