Final Period Online Quiz

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1. A community is the biotic portion of an ecosystem that is a set of interacting populations of organisms.

Explanation

This statement is true because a community refers to the different populations of organisms living and interacting with each other within a specific ecosystem. It includes all the living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms that coexist in a particular area and interact with each other through various ecological processes like competition, predation, and symbiosis. Therefore, the statement accurately describes the concept of a community in an ecosystem.

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About This Quiz
Final Period Online Quiz - Quiz

The 'Final Period Online Quiz' assesses knowledge on Earth's structure and processes. Topics include planetary position, geological layers, weathering, rock formation, and the hydrological cycle. This quiz is... see moreideal for learners interested in Earth sciences. see less

2. Everything that affects an organism during its lifetime is collectively known as its environment.

Explanation

The statement is true because the environment refers to all the external factors that can influence an organism throughout its life. This includes physical factors such as temperature and humidity, as well as biological factors such as predators and food availability. The environment plays a crucial role in shaping an organism's behavior, physiology, and overall survival.

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3. Biodiversity can be measured in several ways and among them are through genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.

Explanation

Biodiversity can indeed be measured in various ways, including genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. These three components provide a comprehensive understanding of the variety and variability of life forms within a given area. Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes within a population, species diversity refers to the number of different species present in an ecosystem, and ecosystem diversity refers to the range of different habitats and ecosystems in a region. By considering these different aspects, scientists can assess the health and resilience of ecosystems and make informed conservation and management decisions.

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4. Organisms that have the same needs compete with one another and do mutual harm, but one is usually harmed less and survives.

Explanation

This statement is true because organisms that have the same needs, such as food, water, and shelter, often compete with each other for these limited resources. This competition can lead to harm for both organisms, as they may fight or use aggressive behaviors to gain access to these resources. However, one organism is usually able to outcompete the other and obtain more resources, resulting in the other organism being harmed to a lesser extent or not surviving at all. This process of competition is a common occurrence in nature and plays a crucial role in shaping ecosystems.

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5. Tiny photosynthetic organisms that float near the surface are called phytoplankton.         

Explanation

Phytoplankton are indeed tiny photosynthetic organisms that float near the surface of water bodies. They are an essential part of the marine food web and play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. These microscopic organisms convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and nutrients into organic matter through photosynthesis, serving as the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. Phytoplankton are responsible for producing a significant portion of the Earth's oxygen and are an important food source for various marine organisms. Therefore, the statement "Tiny photosynthetic organisms that float near the surface are called phytoplankton" is true.

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6. The flow of atoms through an ecosystem involves all the organisms in the community and the biogeochemical cycles are examples of how these materials are cycled in ecosystems.

Explanation

The statement is true because the flow of atoms through an ecosystem indeed involves all the organisms in the community. This includes the transfer of nutrients and energy as organisms consume and are consumed by others. Biogeochemical cycles, such as the carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles, are examples of how these materials are cycled within ecosystems. These cycles involve the movement of atoms and molecules between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's crust, ensuring the continuous availability and recycling of essential elements for life.

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7. The kind of material that makes up the shore determines the mixture of organisms that live there.

Explanation

The statement is true because different types of organisms have varying adaptations and requirements for survival. The composition of the shore, such as whether it is rocky, sandy, or muddy, influences the availability of food, shelter, and other resources for organisms. For example, rocky shores provide crevices and tide pools that support a diverse range of organisms, while sandy shores are home to burrowing species. Therefore, the kind of material making up the shore directly affects the types and abundance of organisms that can thrive in that particular environment.

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8. Ecosystems change as one kind of organism replaces another in a process is called succession.

Explanation

The statement is true because succession refers to the gradual process of change in an ecosystem as one community of organisms replaces another over time. This change can occur due to natural disturbances, such as fires or floods, or through human activities. Succession allows for the development and growth of different species in an ecosystem, leading to increased biodiversity and ecological stability.

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9. The space an organism occupies is known as its habitat, and the role it plays in its environment is known as its niche.

Explanation

The statement is true because a habitat refers to the physical space where an organism lives, including the specific biotic and abiotic factors present. On the other hand, a niche refers to the specific role or position that an organism has in its habitat, including its interactions with other species and its use of resources. Therefore, the statement accurately describes the relationship between habitat and niche in an ecosystem.

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10. Reusing some components of the waste for economic value or converting a used item into a resource or new product is a method called:  

Explanation

Recycling is the method of reusing some components of waste for economic value or converting a used item into a resource or new product. This process helps in reducing waste, conserving resources, and minimizing pollution. Recycling is an effective way to promote sustainability and environmental conservation by giving a new life to materials that would have otherwise ended up in landfills or incinerators.

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11. Largest ocean in the world with an average depth of 3,940 meters.

Explanation

The Pacific Ocean is the correct answer because it is the largest ocean in the world in terms of both surface area and volume. It covers approximately one-third of the Earth's surface and has an average depth of 3,940 meters, making it the deepest ocean as well. The Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Arctic Ocean are also significant bodies of water, but they are smaller in size compared to the Pacific Ocean.

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12. It is the 3rd planet from the sun and the 5th largest in the Solar System.

Explanation

The given answer "Earth" is correct because it matches the description provided in the question. The question states that the planet is the 3rd planet from the sun and the 5th largest in the Solar System. Earth fits this description as it is indeed the 3rd planet from the sun and the 5th largest planet in our Solar System.

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13. It is the layer in the upper atmosphere that absorbs the sun's ultraviolet radiation, preventing the UV radiation from reaching the earth.

Explanation

The ozone layer is a layer in the upper atmosphere that absorbs the sun's ultraviolet radiation. This absorption prevents the UV radiation from reaching the Earth's surface. The ozone layer acts as a protective shield, reducing the harmful effects of UV radiation on living organisms.

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14. Species such as anemone, insects, lizards, and mammals belong to Kingdom:

Explanation

The correct answer is Animalia because the species mentioned in the question, such as anemone, insects, lizards, and mammals, are all classified as animals. Animalia is the kingdom that includes multicellular organisms that are heterotrophic and have the ability to move.

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15. Trees in forest is a

Explanation

Trees in a forest are considered a renewable resource because they can be replanted and regrown over time. As long as proper management and sustainable practices are implemented, trees can be harvested for various purposes such as timber, paper, and fuel, without depleting the overall forest ecosystem. This allows for a continuous supply of trees and their associated benefits, making them a renewable resource.

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16. It is the multidisciplinary body of knowledge that deals with the interactions of the living and non-living components and the impacts of humans to the environment.

Explanation

Environmental Science is the correct answer because it is the multidisciplinary field of study that focuses on understanding the interactions between the living and non-living components of the environment, as well as the impacts of human activities on the environment. It combines knowledge from various scientific disciplines such as biology, chemistry, physics, and geology to address environmental issues and find sustainable solutions.

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17. Due to elevated sea temperature, corals lose their color, turns white then dies. This is called coral ________..  

Explanation

When corals experience elevated sea temperatures, they undergo a process called bleaching. This occurs when the corals expel the algae living in their tissues, causing them to lose their color and turn white. Without the algae, the corals are unable to receive sufficient nutrients and energy, leading to their eventual death. Bleaching is a significant threat to coral reefs worldwide and is often caused by climate change and human activities.

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18. It is produced by the continuous production of greenhouse gases by human activities making the earth warmer. 

Explanation

Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to the continuous production of greenhouse gases by human activities. These gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to a warming effect on the planet. This phenomenon is primarily caused by the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. The increase in global temperatures has various impacts, including rising sea levels, melting ice caps, and extreme weather events. Therefore, global warming is the correct answer as it aligns with the explanation provided.

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19. Mushrooms belong to Kingdom:  

Explanation

Mushrooms belong to the Kingdom Fungi. Fungi is a separate kingdom in the classification system, distinct from plants, monera, and protista. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by decomposing organic matter or by forming symbiotic relationships with other organisms. Mushrooms are a type of fungi that typically have a stem, cap, and gills, and they play important roles in ecosystems as decomposers and in human culture as food or medicinal sources.

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20. Pollutants such as sulfates and nitrates spread upwards into the atmosphere, and are carried by air currents, to finally return to the ground in the form of:

Explanation

Pollutants such as sulfates and nitrates, when released into the atmosphere, can be transported by air currents. These pollutants eventually come back to the ground in the form of acid rain. Acid rain is formed when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with moisture in the atmosphere, forming sulfuric acid and nitric acid. When it rains, these acids are brought down to the Earth's surface, causing damage to ecosystems, buildings, and infrastructure.

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21. It is the living component of an ecosystem. 

Explanation

The correct answer is "Biotic." Biotic refers to the living components of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. These organisms interact with each other and with the non-living components of the ecosystem, such as soil and climate, to maintain a balanced and functioning ecosystem. Biotic factors play a crucial role in shaping the structure and dynamics of an ecosystem.

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22. Type of land ecosystem or biomes where the primary factor that determines the area is the lack of water.  

Explanation

Desert is the correct answer because it is a type of land ecosystem or biome where the primary factor that determines the area is the lack of water. Deserts are characterized by extremely low precipitation levels and are often hot and dry. The scarcity of water in deserts creates harsh conditions for plant and animal life, leading to a unique and specialized ecosystem that is adapted to survive in these arid environments.

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23. Basic unit of living things.

Explanation

A cell is the basic unit of living things. It is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism that is capable of carrying out the processes necessary for life. Cells are responsible for the growth, reproduction, and maintenance of living organisms. They contain various organelles, such as the nucleus, which houses the organism's genetic material. Without cells, living organisms would not be able to carry out essential life functions and would not exist.

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24. Animals are

Explanation

Animals are considered renewable resources because they can reproduce and replenish their populations over time. This means that even if some animals are harvested or used for various purposes, their populations can recover and continue to provide resources such as food, materials, and labor. The renewable nature of animals makes them a sustainable option for human needs, as long as they are managed responsibly to prevent overexploitation and ensure their long-term survival.

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25. Type of an aquatic ecosystem that have little dissolved salt. 

Explanation

Freshwater ecosystems are characterized by low levels of dissolved salt, making them suitable habitats for many freshwater organisms. These ecosystems include lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams, where the water contains less than 0.5% salt concentration. These habitats support a variety of plants and animals that have adapted to survive in freshwater conditions.

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26. Anything from the environment that meets a particular species' needs or promote the welfare of people or other species.

Explanation

Natural resources refer to anything from the environment that meets a particular species' needs or promotes the welfare of people or other species. This can include various elements such as air, water, minerals, plants, and animals. Natural resources are essential for the survival and well-being of all living organisms and play a crucial role in sustaining ecosystems and supporting human activities.

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27. Waste material or impurity that poisons the air, water, and land.  

Explanation

Pollution refers to waste material or impurity that poisons the air, water, and land. It is the correct answer because it encompasses the concept described in the question. Pollution can occur in various forms such as air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution, and it poses a significant threat to the environment and human health.

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28. Organisms that are exclusively native to a place or a biota is called:

Explanation

Endemic refers to organisms that are exclusively native to a specific place or biota. This means that they are found only in that particular area and are not naturally found anywhere else. The term "endemic" is used to describe the unique species or populations that have evolved in isolation and are adapted to the specific conditions of their habitat. This term is commonly used in the field of biology and conservation to highlight the importance of preserving and protecting these unique species and their habitats.

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29. Petroleum is a

Explanation

Petroleum is considered a non-renewable resource because it is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. The process of forming petroleum takes a very long time, and the rate at which it is being consumed is much faster than the rate at which it is being replenished. Once petroleum is extracted and used, it cannot be easily replaced or regenerated within a human lifespan. Therefore, it is classified as a non-renewable resource.

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30. The layer located at the center of the Earth: 

Explanation

The correct answer is "Core". The core is the layer located at the center of the Earth. It is divided into two parts: the inner core and the outer core. The inner core is solid and made up of iron and nickel, while the outer core is liquid. The core plays a crucial role in generating Earth's magnetic field and is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates.

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31. Insects are common in freshwater and absent in marine systems.

Explanation

Insects are commonly found in freshwater environments due to the availability of suitable habitats such as ponds, lakes, and rivers. These habitats provide the necessary resources for insects to thrive, including food sources and breeding grounds. On the other hand, insects are generally absent in marine systems because the saltwater environment is not conducive to their survival. The high salinity levels and lack of suitable habitats make it difficult for insects to establish populations in marine ecosystems. Therefore, the statement "Insects are common in freshwater and absent in marine systems" is true.

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32. Process when water turns into a gas called water vapour and rises invisibly into the air is called

Explanation

Evaporation is the process by which water turns into a gas, known as water vapor, and rises invisibly into the air. It occurs when heat energy is applied to water, causing the water molecules to gain enough energy to break free from the liquid and become a gas. This process is essential for the water cycle, as it allows water to be transferred from bodies of water, such as oceans and lakes, into the atmosphere.

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33. A biological interaction where one kills and eats other organism.

Explanation

Predation is the correct answer because it refers to a biological interaction where one organism kills and eats another organism. In predation, there is a predator that hunts and consumes its prey for survival. This interaction is essential for maintaining the balance of ecosystems and the regulation of populations. Competition refers to the struggle between organisms for limited resources, parasitism is a relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of another, and commensalism is a relationship where one organism benefits without affecting the other.

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34. This day is celebrated annually in April 22 all over the world to draw attention to increasing environmental problems caused by humans on earth.

Explanation

Earth Day is celebrated annually on April 22 all over the world to draw attention to increasing environmental problems caused by humans on earth. It serves as a reminder for individuals, communities, and governments to take action and make positive changes in order to protect and preserve the environment. Earth Day promotes awareness and encourages sustainable practices to address issues such as pollution, deforestation, climate change, and loss of biodiversity.

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35. Examples of effects of climate change except: 

Explanation

Climate change is known to have various negative impacts on human health, such as increased heat-related illnesses, respiratory problems due to air pollution, and the spread of infectious diseases. However, it is unlikely to result in "lesser human diseases." Climate change can potentially lead to more favorable conditions for certain disease vectors, such as mosquitoes carrying diseases like malaria and dengue fever. Therefore, the correct answer is "lesser human diseases."

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36. Coal is a

Explanation

Coal is considered a non-renewable resource because it is formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and trees. The process of coal formation is extremely slow and cannot be replenished within a human lifespan or even several generations. Once coal is extracted and burned for energy, it cannot be replaced or regenerated in a short period of time. Therefore, its supply is limited and finite, making it a non-renewable resource.

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37. Fresh water in lakes and rivers is a

Explanation

Fresh water in lakes and rivers is considered a renewable resource because it is continuously replenished through the water cycle. The water evaporates from the surface of the lakes and rivers, forms clouds, and then falls back to the earth as precipitation, replenishing the water bodies. This cycle ensures a constant supply of fresh water, making it renewable.

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38. Tin is a

Explanation

Tin is classified as a non-renewable resource because it is a finite material that cannot be replenished at the same rate it is being consumed. Once tin deposits are depleted, they cannot be easily replaced or regenerated within a short period of time. This makes tin a valuable and limited resource that needs to be managed and conserved to ensure its availability for future generations.

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39. Started way back in 1950 and flourish during the 1970's where information can be accessed on a global scale through the use of the internet.

Explanation

The given answer, "Information-Globalization Revolution," is the most appropriate choice because it accurately describes the time period mentioned in the question (1950 and 1970s) and the key aspect of accessing information on a global scale through the internet. This revolution refers to the rapid advancement and widespread use of technology, particularly the internet, which has revolutionized the way information is accessed, shared, and communicated globally.

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40. It forms a protective shell composed of layers of gases that covers the earth. 

Explanation

The atmosphere is the correct answer because it is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth. It acts as a protective shell, shielding the planet from harmful radiation and providing the necessary gases for life to thrive. The atmosphere also plays a crucial role in regulating temperature and weather patterns on Earth.

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41. An example of interspecific competition between species preying for food except:

Explanation

Interspecific competition refers to the competition for resources between different species. In the given options, hawks and owls, foxes and coyotes, and lions and tigers are all examples of interspecific competition as they are different species preying for the same food resources. However, two robins do not represent interspecific competition as they belong to the same species and would typically share similar ecological niches and food preferences. Therefore, two robins do not engage in interspecific competition for food.

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42. Formula for Potential Energy.

Explanation

The formula for potential energy is mgh, where m represents the mass of the object, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, and h represents the height of the object above a reference point. This formula is derived from the concept that potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position or height in a gravitational field. By multiplying the mass, acceleration due to gravity, and height, we can calculate the potential energy of an object.

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43. Terrestrial climax communities with wide geographic distribution are called:

Explanation

Biomes are terrestrial climax communities with wide geographic distribution. They are characterized by distinct climate, vegetation, and animal life. Biomes include major ecosystems such as deserts, forests, grasslands, and tundra. These communities are influenced by factors such as temperature, precipitation, and soil type, which determine the types of organisms that can thrive in each biome. The term "biome" is used to categorize and study these large-scale ecological units, providing a framework for understanding the distribution and interactions of different species across the planet.

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44. Primary consumers or animals that eat producers (plants or phytoplankton) as a source of food are called:

Explanation

Herbivores are animals that primarily consume plants or phytoplankton as their source of food. They do not consume other animals, distinguishing them from carnivores. Omnivores, on the other hand, consume both plants and animals. Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, break down dead organic matter. Therefore, the correct answer for animals that eat producers as a source of food is herbivores.

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45. This event is held worldwide annually encouraging individuals, communities, households and businesses to turn off their non-essential lights for 1 hour, from 8:30 to 9:30 pm on the last Saturday in March.

Explanation

Earth Hour is a worldwide annual event that promotes energy conservation by encouraging individuals, communities, households, and businesses to switch off their non-essential lights for one hour. This event takes place on the last Saturday in March from 8:30 to 9:30 pm. By participating in Earth Hour, people can raise awareness about the importance of energy saving and contribute to the global effort to combat climate change.

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46. Philippine Clean Air Act of of 1999.

Explanation

Republic Act 8749 is the correct answer because it is also known as the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999. This act was enacted to protect and preserve the quality of air in the Philippines by controlling air pollution from stationary and mobile sources. It aims to promote sustainable development while ensuring the health and well-being of the people. The act sets standards for emissions, establishes air quality management programs, and imposes penalties for violations. It also encourages public participation and cooperation in achieving clean air for all Filipinos.

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47. Reduction in the potential productivity of a land caused by deforestation and forest fire is called land ________ .

Explanation

Deforestation and forest fires can lead to a decrease in the potential productivity of land, as these activities destroy the natural vegetation and soil quality. This process is known as land degradation, which refers to the deterioration of land resources, making it less suitable for agricultural or other productive purposes.

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48. Endemic and endangered animal that can be found in Mindoro.

Explanation

The Philippine Tamaraw is a correct answer because it is an endemic and endangered animal that can be found in Mindoro. The Tamaraw is a small buffalo species that is native to the Philippines and is known for its distinctive V-shaped horns. Due to habitat loss and hunting, the Tamaraw population has drastically declined, making it critically endangered. Efforts are being made to conserve and protect this unique species.

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49. Oil is a

Explanation

Oil is a non-renewable resource because it is formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago, and the process of its formation takes a very long time. Once oil is extracted and used, it cannot be replenished or replaced within a human lifespan. Therefore, the supply of oil is finite and will eventually be depleted. This makes oil a non-renewable resource that needs to be used judiciously and alternative energy sources need to be explored for a sustainable future.

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50. Occurs when plates in the Earth's crust grind against each other:

Explanation

When plates in the Earth's crust grind against each other, it causes a release of energy that results in vibrations or shaking of the Earth's surface. This phenomenon is known as an earthquake. Earthquakes can occur along faults, which are fractures in the Earth's crust where the plates are in contact. The movement of the plates, either sliding past each other, colliding, or moving apart, causes stress to build up along the fault line. Once the stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, it is released as seismic waves, causing an earthquake.

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51. Copper is a

Explanation

Copper is classified as a non-renewable resource because it is a finite resource that cannot be replenished within a human lifespan. It is extracted from the earth through mining processes, and once it is used, it cannot be naturally regenerated. The limited availability of copper makes it non-renewable, and its extraction can have significant environmental impacts.

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52. Flourished in 1960 up to the present in response to the call for environmental protection and conservation.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Environmental Era" because it is the only option that directly relates to the call for environmental protection and conservation. The term "environmental" indicates a focus on the environment, which aligns with the need for protection and conservation. The other options, such as "Globalization Revolution" and "Industrial-Medical Revolution," do not specifically address environmental concerns. The "Agricultural revolution" may have had some impact on the environment, but it does not encompass the broader scope of environmental protection and conservation.

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53. Part of precipitation that infiltrates through the soil to the water table.

Explanation

Groundwater refers to the part of precipitation that seeps through the soil and reaches the water table. It is the underground water that fills the spaces between soil particles and rocks. This water is stored in aquifers and can be accessed through wells or springs. Groundwater is an important source of drinking water and irrigation for many communities. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the water balance of ecosystems and supporting plant and animal life. Therefore, the correct answer is groundwater.

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54. It describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.

Explanation

The hydrologic cycle refers to the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. This cycle involves processes such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff, which collectively ensure the circulation and distribution of water throughout the planet. The hydrologic cycle is vital for maintaining the Earth's water balance, regulating climate patterns, and supporting various ecosystems and human activities that rely on water resources.

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55. Occurred 10,000 years ago where people shifted from nomadic lifestyles of hunters to farming of domesticated plants and animals.

Explanation

The Agricultural Revolution occurred 10,000 years ago and marked a significant shift in human civilization. It involved the transition from a nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled farming communities. This revolution brought about the domestication of plants and animals, leading to the development of agriculture as a primary means of sustenance. This shift allowed for the development of permanent settlements, the growth of populations, and the emergence of complex social structures. The Agricultural Revolution laid the foundation for the development of civilizations and the subsequent advancements in technology, culture, and society.

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56. Formula for Kinetic Energy.

Explanation

The formula for kinetic energy is 1/2 m v^2. This formula represents the relationship between an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v) in determining its kinetic energy. The 1/2 factor indicates that kinetic energy is directly proportional to the square of the velocity. As the velocity increases, the kinetic energy increases exponentially. The mass of the object also plays a role, as a heavier object with the same velocity will have a greater kinetic energy compared to a lighter object.

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57. Fertile soil is a

Explanation

Fertile soil is considered a renewable resource because it can be replenished naturally over time through the decomposition of organic matter and the addition of nutrients. This process allows for the growth of new plants and crops, which in turn contribute to the formation of more fertile soil. As long as proper agricultural practices are followed, such as crop rotation and soil conservation, the fertility of the soil can be sustained and renewed for future use. Therefore, fertile soil is not depleted permanently and can be continuously regenerated, making it a renewable resource.

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58. Natural resource which can replenish with the passage of time, either through biological reproduction or other naturally recurring processes are called ____________ resources.

Explanation

Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished over time through biological reproduction or other naturally recurring processes. These resources are not depleted permanently and can be used sustainably without causing long-term damage to the environment. Examples of renewable resources include solar energy, wind energy, and timber from sustainably managed forests.

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59. It covers three quarters of the earth's surface where the marine ecosystem is a major part..  

Explanation

The hydrosphere refers to the part of the Earth that is made up of water, including oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and groundwater. It covers three quarters of the Earth's surface, indicating that it is a major component of the planet. The marine ecosystem, which is mentioned in the question, is a part of the hydrosphere. Therefore, the correct answer is hydrosphere.

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60. Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act.

Explanation

Republic Act 9147 is the correct answer because it is the specific legislation that pertains to the conservation and protection of wildlife resources in the Philippines. This act provides guidelines and regulations for the sustainable management of wildlife, including the protection of endangered species, the establishment of protected areas, and the enforcement of penalties for illegal wildlife trade and poaching. It aims to ensure the preservation of biodiversity and the sustainable use of wildlife resources for future generations.

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61. Animal and plants depletion are caused by the following except: 

Explanation

Wildlife conservation is not a cause of animal and plant depletion, but rather a solution to address the depletion. Wildlife conservation involves efforts to protect and preserve animal and plant species, their habitats, and ecosystems. It aims to prevent further depletion and promote sustainable practices to ensure the survival and well-being of wildlife populations. Therefore, wildlife conservation cannot be considered a cause of animal and plant depletion.

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62. A relationship where two species are usually in physical contact and at least one of them derives some sort of benefit from this contact.   

Explanation

Symbiosis refers to a relationship between two species where they are usually in physical contact and at least one of them derives some sort of benefit from this contact. This can include mutualistic relationships where both species benefit, commensal relationships where one species benefits while the other is unaffected, or parasitic relationships where one species benefits at the expense of the other. Symbiosis is a common phenomenon in nature and plays a crucial role in shaping ecosystems and promoting coexistence between different species.

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63. Rocks that are formed from magma.

Explanation

Igneous rocks are formed from magma, which is molten rock that has cooled and solidified. This process typically occurs deep within the Earth's crust or in volcanic eruptions. As the magma cools, it solidifies and forms igneous rocks. These rocks can have a variety of textures and compositions depending on the cooling rate and the mineral content of the magma. Examples of igneous rocks include granite, basalt, and obsidian.

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64. The following are greenhouse gases except: 

Explanation

Hydrogen is not considered a greenhouse gas because it does not trap heat in the atmosphere like other greenhouse gases do. Greenhouse gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide have the ability to absorb and emit infrared radiation, which leads to the greenhouse effect and contributes to global warming. However, hydrogen does not have this property and therefore is not classified as a greenhouse gas.

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65. An integrated waste management strategy includes three main components except:

Explanation

An integrated waste management strategy includes source reduction, recycling, and disposal of solid waste. Garbage burning is not considered a component of this strategy because it is not an environmentally friendly method of waste disposal. Burning garbage releases harmful pollutants into the air and contributes to air pollution. Therefore, it is important to focus on the other components of waste management to minimize the negative impact on the environment.

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66. It is a complex set of relationship among living resources, environment, and organism of a community.

Explanation

An ecosystem refers to a complex set of relationships among living resources, the environment, and organisms within a community. It encompasses the interactions and interdependencies between different species and their physical surroundings. This includes the flow of energy and nutrients, as well as the cycling of matter within the ecosystem. Ecosystems can vary in size and can be found in various habitats, such as forests, oceans, and grasslands. They play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of nature and supporting the survival of different organisms within the community.

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67. If Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic mass of 16, its number of neutrons is

Explanation

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in its nucleus. Since oxygen has an atomic number of 8, it means it has 8 protons. The atomic mass of an element is the sum of its protons and neutrons. Given that the atomic mass of oxygen is 16, and we know it has 8 protons, we can subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass to find the number of neutrons. Therefore, the number of neutrons in oxygen is 16 - 8 = 8.

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68. Natural gas is a

Explanation

Natural gas is considered a non-renewable resource because it is formed over millions of years from the remains of plants and animals that lived and died long ago. Once extracted and used, natural gas cannot be easily replenished within a human lifespan. This makes it finite and unsustainable in the long term. As a non-renewable resource, the availability of natural gas will eventually decline, making it necessary to explore and develop alternative energy sources.

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69. Period in mid-1700's to mid-1800's where numerous inventions and innovations were made.

Explanation

The correct answer is Industrial-Medical Revolution. This period, known as the Industrial-Medical Revolution, saw significant advancements in both industry and medicine. During this time, there was a rapid increase in industrialization, with the development of new technologies and manufacturing processes. Additionally, there were also major breakthroughs in medical science, such as the discovery of anesthesia and the development of vaccines. These advancements had a profound impact on society and laid the foundation for modern industry and medicine.

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70. Laws requiring all public forests be developed on a sustained yield basis:

Explanation

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71. One that has a critical role to play in the maintenance of specific ecosystems. 

Explanation

A keystone species is a species that has a critical role in maintaining the balance and stability of a specific ecosystem. They have a disproportionate impact on the ecosystem compared to their abundance. If a keystone species is removed from the ecosystem, it can cause a cascading effect, leading to the collapse of the entire ecosystem. They often have a significant influence on the structure and function of the ecosystem by regulating the population of other species or by providing essential services such as pollination or habitat creation.

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72. It uses microorganisms, often bacteria and fungi, to dissolve pollutants in the air.

Explanation

Biofiltration is the correct answer because it involves the use of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, to break down and remove pollutants from the air. These microorganisms act as natural filters, breaking down the pollutants into harmless byproducts. This process is commonly used in wastewater treatment plants and industrial facilities to improve air quality and reduce pollution.

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73. Local Government Code of 1991 provides the local government to share with the national government the responsibility in the management and maintenance of ecological balance within their territorial jurisdiction, covered under

Explanation

Republic Act 7160, also known as the Local Government Code of 1991, grants the local government the authority to collaborate with the national government in the preservation and upkeep of ecological balance within their respective territorial jurisdiction. This means that local government units have a shared responsibility with the national government in managing and maintaining the ecological balance in their areas.

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74. It is a biological material from living organisms such as plants and animals used as fuel.  

Explanation

Biomass refers to a biological material derived from living organisms, such as plants and animals, that is used as fuel. This can include organic matter like wood, agricultural crops, and even animal waste. Biomass is a renewable source of energy and can be converted into heat, electricity, or biofuels. It is considered a more sustainable alternative to fossil fuels as it reduces greenhouse gas emissions and helps in waste management.

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75. Extremely cold region that lacks trees and has a permanently frozen subsurface soil.  

Explanation

The correct answer is Tundra because it is an extremely cold region that lacks trees and has a permanently frozen subsurface soil. The Tundra biome is characterized by low temperatures, short growing seasons, and little precipitation. The harsh climate and frozen soil make it difficult for trees to grow, resulting in a treeless landscape dominated by low-growing vegetation such as mosses, lichens, and shrubs.

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76. Water Pollution Control Act.

Explanation

Presidential Decree 600 is the correct answer because it is a law that specifically addresses water pollution control. The other options, Republic Act 7586, Presidential Decree 331, and Republic Act 8749, do not specifically focus on water pollution control. Therefore, Presidential Decree 600 is the most appropriate choice in this context.

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77. Red, brown, and green algae belong to Kingdom:  

Explanation

Red, brown, and green algae belong to the Kingdom Plantae because they are photosynthetic organisms that contain chlorophyll and other pigments. They are capable of producing their own food through photosynthesis, similar to plants. Algae are considered plant-like organisms and are classified in the Kingdom Plantae along with other plants.

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78. The condition of the atmosphere at a particular time.

Explanation

The term "weather" refers to the condition of the atmosphere at a specific time. It includes factors such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation. This answer is correct because weather is the most appropriate term to describe the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time, while climate refers to long-term patterns of weather in a specific region. Humidity and temperature are specific factors that contribute to the overall weather conditions.

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79. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is called _________ development. 

Explanation

Sustainable development refers to the practice of utilizing resources in a way that satisfies the current needs of society without depleting them for future generations. It emphasizes the importance of balancing economic growth, social progress, and environmental protection. This approach ensures that the well-being and quality of life of future generations are not compromised by the actions and decisions made in the present.

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80. Organisms that use nonliving organic matter as a source of energy and raw materials to build their bodies. 

Explanation

Decomposers are organisms that break down nonliving organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into simpler substances. They play a crucial role in recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem by decomposing dead organisms and releasing nutrients that can be used by other organisms. Decomposers obtain energy by breaking down these organic materials and use them as a source of energy and raw materials to build their own bodies. This process helps to maintain the balance of nutrients in the ecosystem and is essential for the overall functioning of the food chain.

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81. Relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits while the other is not affected. 

Explanation

Commensalism is the correct answer because it describes a relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits while the other is not affected. In commensalism, one organism benefits from the relationship without causing any harm or benefit to the other organism. This type of relationship is often seen in nature where one organism may use another organism for transportation or shelter without causing any harm to the host organism.

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82. Variety of organisms and species in the environment.

Explanation

Biodiversity refers to the variety of organisms and species in a given environment. It encompasses the different forms of life, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as the genetic diversity within each species. Biodiversity is important for maintaining the balance and functioning of ecosystems, as each organism plays a unique role in the overall ecosystem. It also provides various benefits to humans, such as food, medicine, and ecosystem services. Therefore, the given answer, biodiversity, accurately represents the concept of the variety of organisms and species in the environment.

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83. Concept that communities proceed through a series of recognizable, predictable changes in structure over time.

Explanation

Succession refers to the concept that communities undergo a series of predictable changes in their structure over time. This process occurs as one community gradually replaces another in a given area. It involves the colonization of new species and the gradual development of a more complex and stable ecosystem. Succession can be primary, starting from bare rock or soil, or secondary, starting from disturbed or previously inhabited areas. It is an important ecological process that allows for the renewal and regeneration of ecosystems.

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84. Occurs when the Earth's mantle pushes through the crust:

Explanation

Volcanic eruption is the correct answer because it occurs when the Earth's mantle, which is located beneath the Earth's crust, pushes through the crust and releases magma, gases, and other materials onto the surface. This process creates volcanic activity, such as the eruption of lava, ash, and gases from a volcano. Unlike earthquakes, mountain formation, and trench formation, which are caused by tectonic plate movements, volcanic eruptions specifically involve the release of molten rock and other materials from beneath the Earth's surface.

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85. The outermost layer of Earth between 5 to 75 km deep and divided into huge plates.

Explanation

The outermost layer of the Earth, known as the crust, is between 5 to 75 km deep and is divided into huge plates. This layer is composed of solid rock and is the thinnest layer of the Earth. The crust is divided into two types: continental crust, which is thicker and less dense, and oceanic crust, which is thinner and more dense. The movement of these plates on the crust is responsible for various geological activities such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

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86. Measurement of the number of kinds of ecosystems present in an area. 

Explanation

Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety of ecosystems present in a given area. It encompasses the range of different habitats, communities, and ecological processes that exist within a region. This measurement takes into account the different types of ecosystems, such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, and deserts, as well as the interactions and relationships between them. By assessing ecosystem diversity, scientists can gain insight into the overall health and resilience of an area's ecological systems, as well as the potential impacts of human activities on these systems.

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87. Process when water can also be released into the air by plants.

Explanation

Transpiration is the process by which water is released into the air by plants. Through tiny openings called stomata on the leaves, plants lose water vapor during transpiration. This process helps in the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil, as well as the cooling of the plant. Transpiration plays a crucial role in the overall water cycle and helps maintain the balance of water in the environment.

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88. The breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller pieces.

Explanation

Weathering refers to the process of breaking down rocks and minerals into smaller pieces. It is a natural process that occurs due to various factors such as temperature changes, wind, water, and chemical reactions. Weathering can occur through physical processes like freezing and thawing, as well as through chemical processes like oxidation and hydrolysis. This process is an essential part of the Earth's geological cycle and plays a crucial role in shaping the Earth's surface over time.

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89. Shallow, partially enclosed areas where freshwater enters the ocean.  

Explanation

Estuaries are shallow, partially enclosed areas where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean. They are characterized by fluctuating salinity levels due to the mixing of these two types of water. Estuaries are often found along coastlines and are home to a diverse range of plant and animal species. They serve as important habitats for many organisms and also provide valuable ecosystem services such as water filtration and nutrient cycling.

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90. Prevailing wind system over the Philippines that prevails from November to February.

Explanation

The correct answer is Northeast Monsoon. The prevailing wind system over the Philippines from November to February is known as the Northeast Monsoon. During this period, winds blow from the northeast, bringing cool and dry air to the region. This monsoon is also known as the Amihan and is characterized by clear skies and cooler temperatures. It is an important weather phenomenon in the Philippines, influencing the country's climate and agriculture.

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91. This is the relatively thin layer on the earth in which life can exist. 

Explanation

The biosphere is the relatively thin layer on the earth in which life can exist. It includes all living organisms, their interactions, and the environments they inhabit. The atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere are important components of the biosphere, but the biosphere specifically refers to the layer where life exists.

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92. Examples of this kind of interaction are ants on acacia tree or bacteria on the roots of legumes.

Explanation

This answer is correct because mutualism refers to a type of interaction between two species in which both species benefit. In the examples given, ants on acacia trees and bacteria on legume roots, both species involved have a mutually beneficial relationship. The ants protect the tree from herbivores and in return, they receive food and shelter. Similarly, the bacteria on legume roots fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, providing essential nutrients to the legume plants, while the bacteria receive nutrients from the plants.

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93. Minerals that have been formed in the lithosphere, remain on earth in a different form once used and become a waste material unless recycled are called __________ resources. 

Explanation

Minerals that have been formed in the lithosphere and are not replenished over a short period of time are called non-renewable resources. Once these minerals are extracted and used, they cannot be replaced or regenerated within a human lifespan. Instead, they become waste materials unless they are recycled. This makes them finite and valuable resources that need to be conserved and used wisely to ensure their availability for future generations.

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94. When a substance reacts with oxygen to give oxides, this chemical process is called

Explanation

When a substance reacts with oxygen to give oxides, this chemical process is called combustion. Combustion is a type of chemical reaction that involves the rapid combination of a fuel (the substance reacting with oxygen) with oxygen to produce heat, light, and new chemical compounds known as oxides. This process commonly occurs when a substance burns in the presence of oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat and light.

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95. Occurs when one plate in the Earth's crust slides under another plate:

Explanation

Trench formation occurs when one plate in the Earth's crust slides under another plate. This process is known as subduction, where the denser oceanic plate sinks beneath the less dense continental plate. As the oceanic plate descends into the mantle, it creates a deep trench on the ocean floor. This process is associated with the formation of volcanic arcs and can lead to the occurrence of earthquakes as the plates interact and release built-up stress. Mountain formation, on the other hand, is typically caused by the collision of two continental plates, while volcanic eruptions are caused by the release of magma from the Earth's mantle.

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96. Occurs when plates in the Earth's crust collide:

Explanation

When plates in the Earth's crust collide, it leads to intense pressure and compression. This causes the crust to buckle and fold, resulting in the formation of mountains. The collision of plates forces the rocks to uplift and create large mountain ranges such as the Himalayas or the Andes. These mountains are formed over millions of years as the plates continue to collide and push against each other.

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97. An example of parasitism except:

Explanation

Remoras on sharks is not an example of parasitism because remoras and sharks have a mutualistic relationship. Remoras attach themselves to the shark's body and feed off the scraps of food left behind by the shark. In return, they provide the shark with a cleaning service by removing parasites and dead skin. This relationship benefits both species involved, unlike parasitism where one species benefits at the expense of the other.

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98. PH is a measure of the concentration of:.  

Explanation

pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. It indicates the acidity or alkalinity of a substance. The lower the pH value, the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions and the more acidic the solution is. The higher the pH value, the lower the concentration of hydrogen ions and the more alkaline the solution is. Therefore, the correct answer is "Hydrogen ion" because pH is directly related to the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.

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99. Solid material on the Earth's surface that results from the interaction of weathering and biological activity on the parent material or underlying hard rock.

Explanation

Soil is the correct answer because it is a solid material that is formed through the interaction of weathering and biological activity on the parent material or underlying hard rock. Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller particles, and biological activity such as the decomposition of organic matter contributes to the formation of soil. Soil is essential for plant growth and provides nutrients and support for roots.

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100. Sea water just like the baking soda has a pH value between 8-9 that is:

Explanation

Sea water has a pH value between 8-9, which indicates that it is basic. Basic substances have a pH value greater than 7, indicating that they are alkaline. Therefore, sea water falls into the category of basic substances due to its pH level.

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A community is the biotic portion of an ecosystem that is a set of...
Everything that affects an organism during its lifetime is...
Biodiversity can be measured in several ways and among them are...
Organisms that have the same needs compete with one another and do...
Tiny photosynthetic organisms that float near the surface are called...
The flow of atoms through an ecosystem involves all the organisms in...
The kind of material that makes up the shore determines the mixture of...
Ecosystems change as one kind of organism replaces another in a...
The space an organism occupies is known as its habitat, and the role...
Reusing some components of the waste for economic value or converting...
Largest ocean in the world with an average depth of 3,940 meters.
It is the 3rd planet from the sun and the 5th largest in the Solar...
It is the layer in the upper atmosphere that absorbs the sun's...
Species such as anemone, insects, lizards, and mammals belong to...
Trees in forest is a
It is the multidisciplinary body of knowledge that deals with the...
Due to elevated sea temperature, corals lose their color, turns white...
It is produced by the continuous production of greenhouse gases by...
Mushrooms belong to Kingdom:  
Pollutants such as sulfates and nitrates spread upwards into the...
It is the living component of an ecosystem. 
Type of land ecosystem or biomes where the primary factor that...
Basic unit of living things.
Animals are
Type of an aquatic ecosystem that have little dissolved salt. 
Anything from the environment that meets a particular species' needs...
Waste material or impurity that poisons the air, water, and...
Organisms that are exclusively native to a place or a biota is called:
Petroleum is a
The layer located at the center of the Earth: 
Insects are common in freshwater and absent in marine systems.
Process when water turns into a gas called water vapour and rises...
A biological interaction where one kills and eats other organism.
This day is celebrated annually in April 22 all over the world to draw...
Examples of effects of climate change except: 
Coal is a
Fresh water in lakes and rivers is a
Tin is a
Started way back in 1950 and flourish during the 1970's where...
It forms a protective shell composed of layers of gases that covers...
An example of interspecific competition between species preying for...
Formula for Potential Energy.
Terrestrial climax communities with wide geographic distribution are...
Primary consumers or animals that eat producers (plants or...
This event is held worldwide annually encouraging individuals,...
Philippine Clean Air Act of of 1999.
Reduction in the potential productivity of a land caused by...
Endemic and endangered animal that can be found in Mindoro.
Oil is a
Occurs when plates in the Earth's crust grind against each other:
Copper is a
Flourished in 1960 up to the present in response to the call for...
Part of precipitation that infiltrates through the soil to the water...
It describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the...
Occurred 10,000 years ago where people shifted from nomadic lifestyles...
Formula for Kinetic Energy.
Fertile soil is a
Natural resource which can replenish with the passage of time, either...
It covers three quarters of the earth's surface where the marine...
Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act.
Animal and plants depletion are caused by the following except: 
A relationship where two species are usually in physical contact and...
Rocks that are formed from magma.
The following are greenhouse gases except: 
An integrated waste management strategy includes three main components...
It is a complex set of relationship among living resources,...
If Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic mass of 16, its...
Natural gas is a
Period in mid-1700's to mid-1800's where numerous inventions...
Laws requiring all public forests be developed on a sustained yield...
One that has a critical role to play in the maintenance of specific...
It uses microorganisms, often bacteria and fungi, to dissolve...
Local Government Code of 1991 provides the local government to share...
It is a biological material from living organisms such as plants and...
Extremely cold region that lacks trees and has a permanently frozen...
Water Pollution Control Act.
Red, brown, and green algae belong to Kingdom:  
The condition of the atmosphere at a particular time.
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising...
Organisms that use nonliving organic matter as a source of energy and...
Relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits while...
Variety of organisms and species in the environment.
Concept that communities proceed through a series of recognizable,...
Occurs when the Earth's mantle pushes through the crust:
The outermost layer of Earth between 5 to 75 km deep and divided into...
Measurement of the number of kinds of ecosystems present in an...
Process when water can also be released into the air by plants.
The breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller pieces.
Shallow, partially enclosed areas where freshwater enters the...
Prevailing wind system over the Philippines that prevails from...
This is the relatively thin layer on the earth in which life can...
Examples of this kind of interaction are ants on acacia tree or...
Minerals that have been formed in the lithosphere, remain on earth in...
When a substance reacts with oxygen to give oxides, this chemical...
Occurs when one plate in the Earth's crust slides under another plate:
Occurs when plates in the Earth's crust collide:
An example of parasitism except:
PH is a measure of the concentration of:.  
Solid material on the Earth's surface that results from the...
Sea water just like the baking soda has a pH value between 8-9 that...
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