Weathering, Erosion & Deposition

Erosion specifically refers to the movement of sediment after it has been weathered, not the initial breakdown of rocks or the deposition of sediment.

Beach shore erosion, caused by wave erosion, is primarily influenced by the action of waves hitting a coastline and carrying sediment back out to the ocean. This process can result in damage to beach properties and alteration of the coastline's shape.

Wind erosion occurs when wind moves sediment from one place to another, often leading to the loss of topsoil on farmland. This process can have detrimental effects on agriculture and land quality.

A glacier is specifically defined as a mass of ice that moves downhill due to gravity, not a body of water, type of rock, or type of cloud.

Glacial grooves are unique geological formations created by the movement of glaciers over rock surfaces, leaving behind distinct lines and scratches.

A U-shaped valley is specifically created by the movement and erosion of glaciers, as opposed to other natural forces like rivers, volcanoes, or wind.

Erratic rocks are unique because they were transported by glaciers from distant locations, making them distinct from the surrounding geological formations.

A drumlin is a geological feature that is created by the movement of glaciers during the Ice Age. They are elongated hills formed from glacial till, often shaped like a whale's back with a steep side facing the direction from which the glacier advanced.

Till is specifically formed by glaciers and has distinct characteristics different from smooth river rocks, volcanic ash, and coral reefs.

Stream velocity specifically pertains to the speed of the water flow within a stream, rather than its depth, width, or temperature.

Gradient refers to the steepness or gentleness of a slope, usually in the context of a hill, mountain, or any other elevated surface.

Stream discharge refers to the volume of water flowing through a stream in a given amount of time, typically measured in cubic feet per second or cubic meters per second. It is a crucial parameter for understanding the dynamics and health of a stream ecosystem.

The term 'meander' commonly refers to a winding or curving bend in a stream or river, typically caused by erosion of the outer banks.

Deposition refers to the process where a stream or glacier leaves sediment behind, while erosion caused by wind, melting of a glacier, and the movement of water in a river or stream are different geological processes.

A V-shaped valley is specifically formed by the erosion of land by a stream, resulting in a distinctive V-shaped appearance.

A delta is a landform that forms at the mouth of a river as sediment is deposited where the river meets a body of water. It typically has a triangular shape, hence the name.

In the context provided, 'Mouth' refers to the end of a stream where it meets a larger body of water, like a river or ocean.

In this context, 'source' is specifically referring to the initial point or starting point of a stream or information flow.

Horizontal sorting specifically refers to the process of sediment deposition in a delta where larger particles settle out first due to their weight, followed by smaller sediments. The other incorrect answers do not accurately describe the concept of horizontal sorting in geological context.

Mechanical weathering refers to the physical breakdown of rocks, while chemical weathering involves changing the chemical composition of rocks. Erosion is the process of movement of soil and rocks by wind or water, and sedimentary rocks are formed through the accumulation and compression of sediments over time.

Chemical weathering involves the breakdown of rocks through chemical processes, not physical forces. It is different from the cooling and hardening of rocks after exposure to high temperatures or the transformation of rocks into soil by plants and microorganisms.

Calcite is a mineral that exhibits effervescence or bubbling when it comes into contact with acid rain due to its chemical reaction. This characteristic makes it distinct and easily identifiable.