Earth Science- Weathering And Erosion Quiz
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- 1.What are the four agents of erosion?
- A.
Gravity, soil, landslides, water
- B.
Wind, water, landslides, air
- C.
Gravity, glaciers, wind, water
- D.
Glaciers, gravity, air, soil
- 2.
- A.
By clearing plants.
- B.
By allowing water to go on the land.
- C.
By letting the land die and buring the crops.
- D.
By clearing plants or allowing animals to overgraze destroys this groundcover.
- E.
By removing all the horizons in the soil and letting bedrocks form.
- 3.Running what is the most effective agent of erosion.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.What are five examples of mass movements?
- A.
Creeps, talus's, avalanche, streams, mudflow.
- B.
Avalanche, mudflow, landslide, dune.
- C.
Gullying, creep, talus, landslide, earthquake.
- D.
Avalanche, mudflow, creep, landslide, slump.
- 5.Definition of creep.
- A.
Very, very slow down slope movement of rocks. (no water needed)
- B.
Very, very slow down slope movement of soil. (water in soil adds to it)
- C.
Very, very slow down hill movement of rocks. (no water needed)
- D.
Very, very slow dow hill movement of soil. (water in soil adds to it)
- 6.Three examples of wind erosion.
- A.
Sand storms, deflaton, abrasion
- B.
Abrasion, erosion, dunes
- C.
Dunes, deflation, abrasion
- 7.What are the factors that determin soil makeup?
- A.
Climate, parent rock, topography, time and vegetation.
- B.
Parent rock, climate, topography, time and humus.
- C.
Vegetation, parent rock, time, age of soil, pedocals.
- 8.Soil made from local bedrock.
- A.
Tropical soil.
- B.
Arctic soil.
- C.
Residual soil.
- 9.Found in eastern half of U.S. where amout of rainfall exceeds 25 inches a year, a lot of vegetation and acidic soil.
- A.
Pedocal
- B.
Desert areas
- C.
Pedalfers
- D.
Weathered soil
- 10.Soil that was moved by wind or glacier.
- A.
Residual soil
- B.
Tropical soil
- C.
Transport soil
- 11.Rock is split or broken into smaller material without changing its composition.
- A.
Oxidation
- B.
Surface area
- C.
Weathering
- D.
Mechanical weathering
- E.
Chemical weathering
- 12.The breakdown of rock due to exposure to the atmosphere, weather, plants and animals.
- A.
Mechanical weathering
- B.
Chemical weathering
- C.
Expansion/contraction
- D.
Oxidation
- E.
Weathering
- 13.Topsoil, gray or black, has humus.
- A.
"A (horizon)"
- B.
"B (horizon)"
- C.
"C (horizon)"
- 14.Found in western half of U.S. where rainfall is less than 25 inches a year, basic soil.
- A.
Pedocal
- B.
Pedalfers
- C.
Mature soil
- 15.Rock fragments and slighty weathered bedrock..you keep diging here, you'll eventually hit soil rock.
- A.
"A (horizon)"
- B.
"B (horizon)"
- C.
"C (horizon)"
- 16.Once the plants die that are on top of the horizon, the nutrients make
- A.
"A (horizon)"
- B.
"B (horizon)"
- C.
"C (horizon)
- 17.This horizon is formed from the leaching of horizon A.
- A.
No horizon is made
- B.
"B (horizon)"
- C.
"C (horizon)"
- 18.Zone of soil are called
- A.
Horizons
- B.
Profiles
- C.
Young soil
- 19.The entire arrangement of horizons are called
- A.
Dunes
- B.
Young soil
- C.
Profiles
- 20.Subsoil, more clay is washed down.
- A.
"A (horizon)"
- B.
"B (horizon)"
- C.
"C (horizon)"
- 21.Most important factor affecting soil is
- A.
Climate
- B.
Topography
- C.
Time
- 22.High elevation and latitude, very few layers, shallow..permafrost.
- A.
Tropical soil
- B.
Temperate soil
- C.
Arctic soil
- 23.Removal of loose particles by wind--most important effect by wind.
- A.
Abrasion
- B.
Deflation
- C.
Dunes
- 24.Wearing down of particles.
- A.
Abrasion
- B.
Delfation
- C.
Dunes
- 25.Warm and wet, speed up chemical weathering.
- A.
Arctic soil
- B.
Tropical soil
- C.
Temperate soil
- 26.Most important result of weathering is
- A.
New rock
- B.
Soil
- C.
Sediment rock
- 27.Process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions.
- A.
Mechanical weathering
- B.
Chemical weathering
- C.
Weathering
- 28.Examples of mechanical weathering. (mark all that apply)
- A.
Ice wedging
- B.
Oxidation
- C.
Plants(lichens)
- D.
Wetting and drying
- E.
Acid rain
- F.
Carbonic acid/carbonation
- G.
Hydrolysis
- H.
Abrasion
- I.
Expansion/contraction
- J.
Exfoliation
- 29.Examples of chemical weathering. (mark all that apply)
- A.
Plants/animals (lichens)
- B.
Ice wedging
- C.
Acid rain
- D.
Exfoliation
- E.
Oxidation
- F.
Hydrolysis
- G.
Wetting and drying
- H.
Carbonic acid/carbonation
- I.
Espansion/contraction
- J.
Abrasion
- 30.Rates of weathering. (mark all that apply)
- A.
Time
- B.
The rocks themselves
- C.
Surface area
- D.
Climate
- E.
Mechanical weathering
- F.
Topography
- 31.Thin sheets of soil removed prevent by--grass, continued plowing, crop rotation, strip crop, terraces.
- A.
Gullying
- B.
Sheet wash
- C.
Contour plowing
- 32.An accelerated soil erosion caused by the plowing of furrows up and down slopes that allows water to run swiftly over soil, carrying away the topsoil, is called
- A.
Mudflow
- B.
Erosion
- C.
Gullying
- 33.Constant erosion reduces the __________ of the soil by removing the A horizon, which contains humus.
- A.
Topsoil
- B.
Fertility
- C.
Erosion
- 34.Planting a field with one type of crop one year and a different type of crop the next year.
- A.
Contour plowing
- B.
Strip-cropping
- C.
Terracing
- D.
Crop rotation
- 35.Plowing soil in curved bands that follow the shape of the land, thus preventing soil from flowing directly down slopes.
- A.
Contour plowing
- B.
Strip-cropping
- C.
Terracing
- D.
Crop rotation
- 36.Building steplike ridges that follow the contours of a sloped field, thus slowing the down slope movement of water.
- A.
Contour plowing
- B.
Strip-cropping
- C.
Terracing
- D.
Crop rotation
- 37.Planting crops in alternating bands, one of which is a cover crop that slows rain runoff.
- A.
Contour plowing
- B.
Strip-cropping
- C.
Terracing
- D.
Crop rotation
- 38.What occrs along very steep slopes when saturation by water and loss of friction with underlying rock cause loose soil to slip downhill in one huge piece?
- A.
A rockfall
- B.
A mudflow
- C.
A landslide
- D.
A slump
- 39.The movement of a large mass of sediment or a section of land down a slope is called
- A.
Gullying
- B.
Mass movement
- C.
Erosion
- D.
A rockslide
- 40.What is the rapid fall of rocks, ranging in size from tiny fragments to large boulders, from a steep cliff?
- A.
A rockfall
- B.
A mudflow
- C.
A landslide
- D.
A slump
- 41.Occuring as a result of heavy rainfall, spring thaws, volcanic eruptions, or earthquakes, the sudden fall down a steep slope of masses of loose rock combined with soil is called a
- A.
Rockfall
- B.
Mudflow
- C.
Landslide
- D.
Slump
- 42.What may occur in dry regions guring a sudden, heavy rainfall or as a result of volcanic eruptions, with mud churning and tumbling down slopes and through valleys?
- A.
A rockfall
- B.
A mudflow
- C.
A landslide
- D.
A slump
- 43.The slow, downslope flow of soil saturated with water over hard or frozen layers in areas surrounding glaciers at high elevations is called
- A.
Creep
- B.
Solifuction
- C.
Talus
- D.
Landslide
- 44.A relatively flat landform near seal level.
- A.
Plateau
- B.
Plain
- C.
Mesa
- 45.A broad, flat landform that has a high elevation. Subject to much more erosion than a plain.
- A.
Butte
- B.
Mesa
- C.
Plateau
- 46.A smaller plateau that are tablelike areas.
- A.
Mesas
- B.
Buttes
- C.
Plains
- 47.Small, narrow-topped formations.
- A.
Mesa
- B.
Plain
- C.
Butte
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