Understanding Prejudice and Discrimination Quiz

Prejudice refers to a preconceived negative judgement of a group and its members, while discrimination is the unfair treatment of people based on specific characteristics, stereotype is a widely held but oversimplified belief or idea of a particular group, and bias is a tendency to lean in a certain direction.

Prejudice is a negative attitude formed towards individuals or groups based on preconceived opinions or beliefs.

Prejudice refers to negative attitudes and beliefs held about a certain group, while discrimination involves negative behaviors or actions towards that group.

The stereotype mentioned in the question specifically refers to women being perceived as emotional, which is a common societal stereotype. While the other options might also be stereotypes, the question focuses on the stereotype associated with women.

In this scenario, Mr. Watson's belief about Blacks being lazy is a stereotype, a generalized belief about a particular group. His actions of refusing to rent an apartment to a Black family based on this belief demonstrate discrimination, an unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people.

Stereotype threat is primarily driven by cognitive processes in the form of negative stereotypes that can distract individuals and motivational processes such as worrying about confirming those stereotypes through mistakes.

Stereotyping is the act of assuming certain traits or characteristics about an individual based on their membership in a particular group. Discrimination, profiling, and prejudice are related concepts but do not specifically involve assuming characteristics based on group membership.

The term 'stereotyping' refers to a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. While it can sometimes have positive connotations, it is often associated with negative assumptions and generalizations.

Stereotype refers to a widely held but oversimplified belief or idea about a particular type of person or thing. In this case, the belief that professors are absent minded is a stereotype that may not accurately reflect the reality of all professors.

The dual attitude system concept refers to the coexistence of two separate attitudes - one conscious and one unconscious - that may differ in relation to the same object or issue.

Stereotype threat refers to the concern or anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype, which can impact performance.

Stereotype threat refers to the risk of confirming negative stereotypes about one's social group in a particular domain. In this case, white men may have done worse in math due to the pressure of conforming to the stereotype that they are not as good as Asians in this subject.

Outgroups serve the purpose of providing a point of comparison for our group, highlighting differences and similarities in order to strengthen the identity of our group.

Social identity theory is based on the concept of individuals identifying with certain groups, including both in groups (groups they belong to) and outgroups (groups they do not belong to). The incorrect answers provided do not accurately represent the components of social identity theory.

Social identity theory is primarily used to understand how individuals categorize themselves, identify with certain social groups, and compare their group favorably to others to boost self-esteem. It focuses on the psychological processes involved in group membership and intergroup relations.

The correct answer 'new' implies that a new group would face more public bias compared to established, popular, or celebrity groups, as they are not as well-known or familiar to the public.

Realistic conflict theory posits that prejudice is a result of competition between groups for limited resources. Social identity theory focuses on how individuals categorize themselves into in-groups and out-groups. Contact hypothesis suggests that intergroup contact can reduce prejudice. Cognitive dissonance theory deals with the discomfort felt when there is a discrepancy between beliefs and actions.

The correct term that describes redirecting hostility towards a less threatening target when the cause of frustration is intimidating or unknown is known as scapegoat theory. It involves assigning blame to someone or something else to relieve one's own feelings of inadequacy or guilt.

Social dominance orientation is a psychological scale measuring the extent to which individuals desire that their in-group dominate and be superior to out-groups. It relates to attitudes about social inequality and the belief in the legitimacy of hierarchy within society.

Weight discrimination is an increasingly prevalent issue in the workplace, with individuals being unfairly judged or treated based on their body size. While discrimination based on age, gender, and religion also exist, weight discrimination has gained attention in recent years as a form of bias that affects many individuals.

Discrimination refers to unfair treatment or negative actions towards individuals or groups based on certain characteristics. Prejudice involves preconceived judgments or opinions about a group, while stereotyping is a fixed or oversimplified image of a particular group. Harassment is the act of systematic and/or continued unwanted and annoying actions of one party or a group, including threats and demands.

Reference groups are groups that individuals compare themselves to in order to evaluate their attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs. While social groups, peer groups, and support groups all involve relationships with others, reference groups specifically focus on self-comparison and self-identification within a particular group.

Ingroup bias refers to the tendency of individuals to favor their own group over others, leading to preferences, support, and positive views towards the group they belong to.

Ingroup bias is most likely to occur when individuals identify with a smaller group, have lower status, or view the success of their group as a conquest for boosting their own self-concept.

The correct term for the described behavior is authoritarian personality, which is characterized by a rigid adherence to conventional values, submission to authority figures, and hostility towards those who are perceived as inferior.

The correct answer refers to the tendency for individuals to perceive members of an outgroup as more homogeneous or similar to each other, while viewing members of their ingroup as more diverse. Confirmation bias refers to the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or values. Fundamental attribution error is the tendency for individuals to overemphasize personal characteristics and ignore situational factors when explaining other people's behavior. Social loafing refers to the phenomenon where individuals in a group exert less effort compared to when working individually.

The term 'outgroup homogeneity effect' refers to the perception that members of an outgroup are more similar to each other than members of the ingroup. This can lead to stereotyping and oversimplification of diverse groups.

The outgroup homogeneity effect refers to the tendency to perceive members of a group we are less familiar with as more similar to each other, while viewing members of a group we are more familiar with as more diverse. This phenomenon can lead to stereotyping and prejudice against outgroups.

Personality factors such as need for status, self-regard, and belonging can influence an individual's predisposition towards prejudice. The incorrect answers provided do not directly relate to personality traits that are commonly associated with prejudice.