Chapter 10 Muscular System

The Orbicularis Oculi muscle is responsible for closing the eyes and aiding in the flow of tears. It originates from the lacrimal bone and inserts into the upper and lower eyelids.

The Levator Palpebrae Superioris muscle is responsible for elevating the upper eyelid, not for pulling eyebrows medially and downward, helping in opening the mouth, or contracting the biceps muscle to flex the elbow.

The Orbicularis Oris muscle is specifically designed to control the movements of the lips, such as closing and puckering. It plays a crucial role in various functions like speech, eating, and facial expressions.

The Levator Anguli Oris muscle is responsible for elevating the upper lip, earning it the nickname 'Sneering muscle'.

The zygomaticus major muscle plays a key role in smiling by lifting the corners of the mouth. The other three options are not involved in this specific facial expression.

Zygomaticus minor is the correct answer as it is responsible for the specific action described in the question, while Masseter, Sternocleidomastoid, and Trapezius are not directly involved in this particular facial expression.

The lateral rectus muscle is responsible for moving the eye outward, while the other options listed are responsible for different eye movements.

The medial rectus muscle is responsible for moving the eye towards the nose, while the lateral rectus moves the eye away from the nose. The superior and inferior rectus muscles are responsible for moving the eye up and down, respectively.

The correct answer 's' stands for 'superior' in the Latin name for the muscle, while the incorrect answers do not correspond to the correct term.

The inferior rectus muscle is responsible for moving the eye downward, while the superior oblique muscle is responsible for moving the eye upward, the lateral rectus muscle is responsible for moving the eye outward, and the medial rectus muscle is responsible for moving the eye inward.

The inferior oblique muscle is responsible for the elevation and abduction of the eye. The superior rectus muscle elevates the eye, the lateral rectus muscle abducts the eye, and the medial rectus muscle adducts the eye.

The superior oblique muscle is responsible for depressing the eye and intorting it when it is in an abducted position. The incorrect options do not perform the specific actions described in the question.

Mastication is the act of pushing food between molars for chewing before further digestion and absorption in the digestive system.

Deglutition specifically refers to the act of swallowing food, not the breakdown, absorption, or movement within the digestive system.

The genioglossus muscle is responsible for drawing the tongue to one side unilaterally. This action is important for various functions such as speaking, swallowing, and the movement of food in the oral cavity.

The hyoglossus muscle is responsible for depressing the tongue, helping in speech and swallowing.

The styloglossus muscle is responsible for drawing the tongue upward and posteriorly, helping in various movements involving the tongue.

The palatoglossus muscle plays a crucial role in elevating the tongue to close off the pharynx during actions such as swallowing.

The intrinsic muscles of the tongue are responsible for the fine movements and shaping of the tongue itself, not for other facial movements like jaw, lips, or eyes.

The Temporalis muscle is responsible for various movements of the mandible as well as having its origin in the temporal fossa and insertion on the coronoid process of the ramus. The incorrect answers provided describe actions, origins, and insertions of other muscles in the body, highlighting the importance of understanding each muscle's unique characteristics.

The masseter muscle is responsible for elevating the mandible, not depressing it. Its origin is the zygomatic arch and insertion is the lateral surface of the mandibular ramus and angle.

The medial pterygoid muscle is responsible for the elevation of the mandible, specifically in the closing of the jaw.

The lateral pterygoid muscle is primarily responsible for the lateral movement of the jaw, allowing it to move side to side.

The buccinator is a muscle in the cheek that is responsible for sucking in the cheeks.

During swallowing, food first passes through the pharynx, a cavity that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the esophagus, a tube that leads to the stomach. The incorrect answers do not accurately represent the anatomical process of swallowing.

The epiglottis acts as a protective cartilage that covers the entrance to the larynx and trachea during swallowing, preventing food from entering the airway. The esophagus is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach, the pharynx is the passage for food and air at the back of the mouth, and the trachea is the tube connecting the larynx to the lungs for breathing.