Cell Structure

Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell because they are responsible for generating most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy.

The cytoskeleton is a network of proteins and filaments within the cell that provide structure and support, help maintain the shape of the cell, and enable cell movement. It is not directly involved in energy production, gene regulation, or genetic material storage.

Vacuoles primarily serve as storage units in a cell, containing various substances such as food, enzymes, and waste materials. They do not play a direct role in protein synthesis, cellular respiration, or photosynthesis.

The cell membrane acts as a barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing only specific molecules to pass through. This regulation is essential for maintaining the internal environment of the cell.

The plasma membrane acts as a barrier that separates the interior of a cell from its external environment, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It does not store energy, transport genetic material, or produce proteins.

Lysosomes are responsible for breaking down food vacuoles, old organelles, and waste bacteria in a cell. They are not involved in synthesizing new proteins, generating energy through photosynthesis, or regulating cell communication.

Centrioles are organelles found in animal cells and play a crucial role in cell division by organizing the microtubules that form the mitotic spindle. This helps in the separation of chromosomes during cell division.

The nucleus is primarily responsible for housing the genetic material and controlling cellular activities related to DNA and RNA processes.

Chloroplasts are specifically designed for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy to produce food.

Ribosomes are responsible for assembling proteins in the cell. They are not involved in DNA synthesis, energy production, or genetic material storage.

The golgi apparatus is a stack of membranes responsible for storing and packaging molecules into transport vesicles. It also plays a role in attaching carbohydrates to proteins and lipids before they are sent to their destination within or outside the cell.

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein synthesis, transportation, and packaging within the cell, facilitated by the presence of ribosomes on its surface.