Biology:photosynthesis Test Notes

Photosynthesis is a process that converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. Organisms like photoautotrophs, plant cells, algae, and some bacteria are capable of photosynthesis as they contain chlorophyll to capture light energy. Fungi, animals, and archaea do not have the necessary components for photosynthesis.

Plants require water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight for the process of photosynthesis, which allows them to produce their own food and oxygen.

The correct combination to form carbon dioxide is through the process of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide and water combine in the presence of sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen.

During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen as waste. This process is essential for the production of oxygen in the atmosphere.

Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy. The correct formula shows how water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) react in the presence of sunlight to produce glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). The incorrect answers either change the reactants and products or remove the need for sunlight, which is essential for photosynthesis to occur.

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy.

Thylakoids are disk-shaped structures within chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll and are the site of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis.

Photosystem II is a protein complex that is responsible for absorbing photons of light during the process of photosynthesis.

During photosynthesis, the excited electron passes through the Electron Transport Chain in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. This is where the electron loses energy at each exchange to ultimately produce ATP and NADPH for further reactions.

Chemiosmosis is a process by which the energy released from the movement of electrons during cellular respiration is used to pump protons across a membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

Chemiosmosis is the process by which protons move across a membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives the synthesis of ATP. In photosynthesis, this occurs in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts.

When cells undergo movement, they often utilize energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to fuel the process. ATP is known as the 'energy currency' of the cell.

Photosystem 1 is responsible for absorbing the second photon of light during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Photosystem 2 plays a role in the initial absorption of light energy, while Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids are also involved in light absorption but not specifically for the second photon.

During the transfer process, energy is captured in the form of NADPH, a molecule that carries high-energy electrons for later use in energy-requiring reactions.

NADPH is a coenzyme that acts as a carrier of electrons and hydrogen, playing a key role in photosynthesis and cellular respiration. It is not a sugar molecule, neurotransmitter, or component of cell membranes.

During the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis, the final products are NADPH and ATP which are energy carriers used in the Calvin cycle to produce glucose.

The Light Independent Occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts, where the Calvin Cycle takes place.

The Calvin Cycle is also referred to as the LIR, which stands for Light-independent Reactions.

ATP & NADPH are utilized in the process of photosynthesis to provide energy for the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose, not for regulating cell division, synthesizing fats, or facilitating cellular respiration.

Fixation, in the context of elements, refers to the conversion from inorganic to organic forms.