Can You Pass The Endocrinology Exam? Quiz

  • MCAT
  • USMLE
  • NBME
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| By Eddy Sidra
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Eddy Sidra
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Quizzes Created: 12 | Total Attempts: 34,279
| Attempts: 1,551 | Questions: 24
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1. The hypothalamus is the major integrating link between nervous and endocrine systems.

Explanation

It receives input from cortex, thalamus, and limbic system as well as controls pituitary gland with regulating hormones.

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About This Quiz
Can You Pass The Endocrinology Exam? Quiz - Quiz

Can you pass the endocrinology exam quiz? Hormones help to regulate a person’s bodytemperature, sleep, mood, stress, growth and more. The endocrine system is charged with producing hormone to help with the said tasks. Endocrinology is the study of hormones, their production, diseases that affect them and how to treat... see morethem. Take the quiz and review your understanding of the study as well as the hormones in the human body!
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2. Glucagon is released in states of fasting to trigger glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.

Explanation

In states of fasting, blood glucose is low and the body must resort to using glucose reserves (in glycogen, body fat, proteins)

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3. Gonadotrophs produce

Explanation

Gonadotrophs produce gonadotropins (FSH and LH)

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4. Increased blood glucose would result in which hormone to be release.

Explanation

When blood glucose levels increase, the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream. It promotes the storage of glucose in the liver and muscles as glycogen, and it also stimulates the conversion of glucose into fat for long-term energy storage. Therefore, in response to increased blood glucose, insulin is released to lower the levels back to normal.

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5. Suckling reduces levels of inhibition on PRL and causes an increase in milk production. Dopamine inhibits PRL.

Explanation

PRL = Milk production
Oxytocin = Milk let down

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6. Hormones that enter the bloodstream to act on a distant effector are called

Explanation

Exocrine - Secreted into ducts Paracrines and Autocrines - act without first entering bloodstream (local hormones)

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7. Endocrine glands secrete products into ducts which empty into body cavities (such as sweat, oil, mucous)

Explanation

Exocrine glands secrete into ducts which empty into body cavities. Endocrine glands secrete products either into the bloodstream or to nearby tissues/cells.

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8. Match the pituitary gland disorder for GH.
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9. T3 is 10X more active than T4.

Explanation

T3 being 10X more active than T4 means that T3 has a higher biological activity compared to T4. This implies that T3 is more potent and effective in carrying out its functions in the body. Therefore, the statement "T3 is 10X more active than T4" is true.

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10. Hyposecretion of ADH will cause

Explanation

ADH promotes arteriolar constriction. Therefore decreased ADH will result in decreased arteriolar constriction.

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11. In the menstrual cycle, estrogen acts to both decrease FSH & LH as well as increase levels of FSH & LH

Explanation

In the follicular phase (usually days 1-11) estrogen produced by the follicles acts through negative feedback to inhibit FSH and LH. Right before ovulation, the negative feedback switches to positive feedback and there is a surge in FSH & LH, which causes ovulation. After ovulation, the corpus luteum secrets estrogen, progesterone, and inhibin, which inhibit FSH & LH secretion.

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12. The thymus remains constant in size and function throughout a person's life.

Explanation

After puberty, the thymus is replaced with adipose tissue.

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13. The anterior lobe of the pituitary is derived from neural tissue.

Explanation

The posterior lobe is derived from neural tissue.

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14. Match the following:
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15. Match the disease with the cause.
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16. Match the adrenal gland layer with its primary type of secretion.
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17. Match the following cells with their secretions.
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18. Which of the following is not true regarding IGFs?

Explanation

IGF secretion is decreased by obesity.

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19. ADH and Oxytocin are produced by

Explanation

ADH and Oxytocin are released in the posterior pituitary but are produced in the hypothalamus.

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20. Low blood pressure stimulates the kidneys to release renin, ultimately leading to 

Explanation

Low blood pressure stimulates the release of renin by the kidneys. Renin then acts on angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin 1, which is further converted to angiotensin 2 by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin 2 is a potent vasoconstrictor and stimulates the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys, leading to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. Additionally, angiotensin 2 also stimulates the secretion of aldosterone, which promotes the excretion of potassium (K+) by the kidneys, resulting in an increase in K+ excretion. Therefore, the correct answer is that low blood pressure leads to an increase in angiotensin 2, Na reabsorption, blood pressure, and an increase in K+ excretion.

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21. Which of the following are lipid-soluble hormones? 

Explanation

Estrogen is a steroid - steroids are lipid soluble.

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22. Which of the following are adenohypophyseal hormones?

Explanation

Adenohypophyseal hormones are hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone), TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), and PRL (prolactin) are all adenohypophyseal hormones. These hormones play important roles in various physiological processes such as reproduction, melanin production, thyroid function, and lactation. ADH (antidiuretic hormone), oxytocin, and adrenaline are not adenohypophyseal hormones as they are produced by the posterior pituitary gland and adrenal glands, respectively.

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23. An example of negative feedback would be 

Explanation

Both down and up-regulation are examples of negative feedback. Negative feedback - self-limiting. Oxytocin is an example of positive/feedforward feedback

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24. Match the hormone with its solubility:
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The hypothalamus is the major integrating link between nervous and...
Glucagon is released in states of fasting to trigger glycogenolysis...
Gonadotrophs produce
Increased blood glucose would result in which hormone to be release.
Suckling reduces levels of inhibition on PRL and causes an increase in...
Hormones that enter the bloodstream to act on a distant effector are...
Endocrine glands secrete products into ducts which empty into body...
Match the pituitary gland disorder for GH.
T3 is 10X more active than T4.
Hyposecretion of ADH will cause
In the menstrual cycle, estrogen acts to both decrease FSH & LH as...
The thymus remains constant in size and function throughout a...
The anterior lobe of the pituitary is derived from neural tissue.
Match the following:
Match the disease with the cause.
Match the adrenal gland layer with its primary type of secretion.
Match the following cells with their secretions.
Which of the following is not true regarding IGFs?
ADH and Oxytocin are produced by
Low blood pressure stimulates the kidneys to release renin, ultimately...
Which of the following are lipid-soluble hormones? 
Which of the following are adenohypophyseal hormones?
An example of negative feedback would be 
Match the hormone with its solubility:
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