An ECG (Electrocardiogram) Quiz

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  • 1/22 Questions

    Normal heart rate in adults is:

    • 30 – 60 bpm
    • 60 – 100 bpm
    • 100 – 120 bpm
    • 120 -180 bpm
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About This Quiz

Dive into the essentials of heart function with the 'An ECG (Electrocardiogram) Quiz'. Assess your understanding of heart anatomy, sounds, and conditions like cardiac tamponade. Perfect for medical students and professionals aiming to enhance their cardiology knowledge.

An ECG (Electrocardiogram) Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Diastole is the period of relaxation during which the chambers are allowed to fill:

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    During diastole, the heart muscles relax, and the chambers of the heart are allowed to fill with blood. This is an essential phase in the cardiac cycle as it allows the heart to receive an adequate amount of blood before the next contraction (systole). During diastole, the atria and ventricles expand, creating lower pressure within the heart, which facilitates the flow of blood from the veins into the heart chambers. Therefore, the statement "Diastole is the period of relaxation during which the chambers are allowed to fill" is true.

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  • 3. 

    Heart sounds are produced by the closing of:

    • Right atrium

    • Left atrium

    • Valves

    • Arteries

    Correct Answer
    A. Valves
    Explanation
    Heart sounds are produced by the closing of valves. When the heart beats, the valves open and close to allow blood to flow in the correct direction. The closing of the valves creates a sound that can be heard with a stethoscope. These sounds, known as heart sounds, are important for diagnosing and monitoring heart conditions.

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  • 4. 

    The cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped into the aorta each minute by the heart.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The cardiac output refers to the volume of blood that is pumped out by the heart in one minute. It is specifically the amount of blood that is pumped into the aorta, which is the largest artery in the body. This measure is important in assessing the overall functioning of the heart and its ability to supply oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues. Therefore, the statement that the cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped into the aorta each minute by the heart is correct.

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  • 5. 

    The middle layer of the heart is called:

    • Pericardium

    • Myocardium

    • Myometrium

    • Endocardium

    Correct Answer
    A. Myocardium
    Explanation
    The middle layer of the heart is called the myocardium. It is composed of specialized cardiac muscle tissue that contracts to pump blood throughout the body. The myocardium is responsible for the heart's pumping action and is thicker in the left ventricle, which pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. It is surrounded by the endocardium on the inner side and the pericardium on the outer side. The myometrium and pericardium are not correct options as they refer to the layers of the uterus and the outer covering of the heart, respectively.

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  • 6. 

    The largest artery that carries blood to all the parts of the body from the left side of the heart is called:

    • Vena cava

    • Aorta

    • Carotid artery

    • Mesenteric artery

    Correct Answer
    A. Aorta
    Explanation
    The aorta is the largest artery in the body and carries oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to all parts of the body. It branches out into smaller arteries, delivering oxygen and nutrients to various organs and tissues. The vena cava, on the other hand, is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The carotid artery supplies blood to the head and neck, while the mesenteric artery supplies blood to the intestines.

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  • 7. 

    The two upper chambers of the heart are called:

    • Ventricles

    • Atria

    • Peritoneal cavity

    • Aorta

    Correct Answer
    A. Atria
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Atria. The two upper chambers of the heart are called atria. These chambers receive blood from the veins and pump it into the ventricles, which are the lower chambers of the heart. The atria play a crucial role in the circulation of blood, as they help to ensure that blood flows in the correct direction and that the heart functions efficiently.

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  • 8. 

    The heart rate is decreased to 40 bpm and stroke volume remains to 70 ml / beat. What is the cardiac output and whether the cardiac output is the same, increased or decreased?

    • 3400ml / min cardiac output is decreased

    • 2800 ml / min cardiac output is decreased

    • 4800ml / min cardiac output remains the same

    • 11400 ml / min cardiac output is increased

    Correct Answer
    A. 2800 ml / min cardiac output is decreased
    Explanation
    The cardiac output is calculated by multiplying the heart rate by the stroke volume. In this case, the heart rate is decreased to 40 bpm and the stroke volume remains at 70 ml/beat. Therefore, the cardiac output would be 40 bpm x 70 ml/beat = 2800 ml/min. Since the initial cardiac output is not provided, we cannot determine whether it has increased or decreased. However, the given answer states that the cardiac output is decreased, which is correct based on the information provided.

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  • 9. 

    The valve which is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle is the:

    • Mitral valve

    • Aortic valve

    • Tricuspid valve

    • Pulmonary valve

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitral valve
    Explanation
    The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It is responsible for preventing the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during ventricular contraction. This valve consists of two flaps, also known as leaflets, that open and close to regulate blood flow. The mitral valve plays a crucial role in maintaining proper blood circulation within the heart, ensuring that oxygenated blood is efficiently pumped out to the rest of the body.

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  • 10. 

    The blood vessel that caries oxygenated blood away from the heart is:

    • Capillary

    • Venule

    • Vein

    • Artery

    Correct Answer
    A. Artery
    Explanation
    Arteries are the blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. They have thick, elastic walls that help to withstand the high pressure of blood pumped by the heart. The oxygenated blood is transported to various parts of the body through arteries, providing oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. Arteries gradually branch into smaller vessels called arterioles, which further divide into capillaries where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged with the surrounding tissues. Therefore, arteries are responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the body's organs and tissues.

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  • 11. 

    A double walled sac that encloses heart and helps protect it from trauma and infections is:

    • Endocardium

    • Myocardium

    • Epicardium

    • Pericardium

    Correct Answer
    A. Pericardium
    Explanation
    The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart from trauma and infections. It provides a barrier against external forces and helps to maintain the position of the heart within the chest cavity. The outer layer of the pericardium, called the fibrous pericardium, is tough and durable, while the inner layer, called the serous pericardium, produces a lubricating fluid that reduces friction as the heart beats. Together, these layers form a protective enclosure for the heart, ensuring its proper functioning.

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  • 12. 

    Blood from the pulmonary vein returns to the:

    • Lungs

    • Left atrium

    • Superior vena cava

    • Brian

    Correct Answer
    A. Left atrium
    Explanation
    Blood from the pulmonary vein returns to the left atrium. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart. Once the blood reaches the left atrium, it is then pumped into the left ventricle and eventually sent out to the rest of the body through the aorta. The left atrium acts as a receiving chamber for oxygenated blood, allowing it to be efficiently distributed to the rest of the body's tissues and organs.

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  • 13. 

    Superior and Inferior vena cava are:

    • The largest arteries of the body

    • The largest lymphatic of the blood

    • The largest nerves in the body

    • The largest veins of the body

    Correct Answer
    A. The largest veins of the body
    Explanation
    The superior and inferior vena cava are the largest veins of the body. The superior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body back to the heart, while the inferior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body back to the heart. These veins play a crucial role in the circulatory system by ensuring the return of blood to the heart for oxygenation.

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  • 14. 

    The major intracellular ion is:

    • Sodium

    • Potassium

    • Magnesium

    • Calcium

    Correct Answer
    A. Potassium
    Explanation
    Potassium is the major intracellular ion because it is primarily found inside the cells, while sodium is mainly found outside the cells. Potassium plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, such as maintaining cell membrane potential, regulating fluid balance, and supporting nerve and muscle function. It is essential for proper cell function and is involved in the transmission of nerve impulses and the contraction of muscles. Magnesium and calcium are also important intracellular ions, but they are not as abundant as potassium within the cells.

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  • 15. 

    The terminal ends of the bundle branches which is located in the ventricular endocardium and has intrinsic rate of 20 – 40 beats per second:

    • SA mode

    • Bundle of His

    • Purkinjee fibres

    • AV mode

    Correct Answer
    A. Purkinjee fibres
    Explanation
    Purkinjee fibers are the correct answer because they are located in the ventricular endocardium and have an intrinsic rate of 20-40 beats per second. These fibers are responsible for transmitting electrical impulses through the ventricles, causing them to contract and pump blood. The SA mode refers to the sinoatrial node, which is responsible for initiating the electrical impulses in the heart. The Bundle of His and AV mode refer to other parts of the electrical conduction system in the heart, but they do not match the given description.

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  • 16. 

    Heart Sound S1 is best heard at the:

    • Second intercostal place

    • Third intercostal place

    • Left fifth intercostal space and left midclavicular line (at the apex)

    Correct Answer
    A. Left fifth intercostal space and left midclavicular line (at the apex)
    Explanation
    Heart Sound S1, also known as the first heart sound, is caused by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves. This closure occurs at the beginning of ventricular contraction, or systole. The sound is best heard at the apex of the heart, which is located at the left fifth intercostal space and left midclavicular line. This is where the mitral valve is most audible and where the sound of S1 is loudest. The second and third intercostal spaces are not the optimal locations to hear S1.

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  • 17. 

    The blood from the heart travels to the lungs to pick up oxygen through the:

    • Pulmonary arteries

    • Pulmonary veins

    • Subclavian arteries

    • Cardiac arteries

    Correct Answer
    A. Pulmonary arteries
    Explanation
    The blood from the heart travels to the lungs to pick up oxygen through the pulmonary arteries. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs, where it is oxygenated. Once the blood is oxygenated, it returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins to be pumped to the rest of the body. Therefore, the pulmonary arteries play a crucial role in the oxygenation of blood in the lungs.

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  • 18. 

    The major extra cellular ion is:

    • Sodium

    • Potassium

    • Magnesium

    • Calcium

    Correct Answer
    A. Sodium
    Explanation
    Sodium is the major extracellular ion because it plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of water and electrolytes in the body. It is responsible for regulating fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction. Sodium ions are predominantly found outside the cells, while potassium ions are mainly found inside the cells. Magnesium and calcium are also important ions in the body, but they are not the major extracellular ions.

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  • 19. 

    Aorta is the continuation of:

    • Right atria

    • Left atria

    • Left ventricle

    • Right ventricle

    Correct Answer
    A. Left ventricle
    Explanation
    The aorta is the largest artery in the body and is responsible for carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. It is the continuation of the left ventricle, which pumps oxygenated blood out of the heart and into the aorta. The left ventricle has thicker walls compared to the right ventricle because it needs to generate enough force to push blood throughout the entire body, while the right ventricle only needs to pump blood to the lungs. Therefore, the correct answer is the left ventricle.

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  • 20. 

    State true or false: cardiac output = ejection fraction * heart rate

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    cardiac output = stroke volume * heart rate

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  • 21. 

    What is the duration of time delay in the AV mode:

    • 0.12 – 20 seconds

    • 0.10 - 0.18 seconds

    • 0.06 – 0.10 seconds

    • 0.04 – 0.10 seconds

    Correct Answer
    A. 0.12 – 20 seconds
    Explanation
    The duration of time delay in the AV mode can range from 0.12 to 20 seconds.

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  • 22. 

    The buildup of excess fluid or excess blood in the pericardial space is known as:

    • Pericarditis

    • Cardiac tamponade

    • Heart failure

    Correct Answer
    A. Cardiac tamponade
    Explanation
    Cardiac tamponade refers to the accumulation of excess fluid or blood in the pericardial space, which is the space between the heart and the pericardium. This condition can lead to compression of the heart, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, chest pain, and low blood pressure. Pericarditis, on the other hand, refers to inflammation of the pericardium, while heart failure is a broader term that encompasses various conditions where the heart is unable to pump blood adequately.

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  • Current Version
  • Apr 18, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 16, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Rs1492

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