Earth Science Exam #2 The Ocean

55 Questions | By Hcarmikel | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 138

Questions

Settings

Create your own Quiz

Test on Ocean Sediments, Ocean Floor, El Nino and La Nina

Questions and Answers

1.

The element found in some sediments which suggest that a meteorite or asteroid impact occurred nearby is:
- A.
  
  A) uranium.
- B.
  
  B) iridium.
- C.
  
  C) manganese.
- D.
  
  D) strontium. D) strontium.
2.

"Black smokers" are associated with ________.
- A.
  
  A) oceanic ridges
- B.
  
  B) hot water
- C.
  
  C) mineral-rich waters
- D.
  
  D) all of these
3.

The oceans cover approximately ________ percent of Earth's surface.
- A.
  
  A) 70
- B.
  
  B) 60
- C.
  
  C) 50
- D.
  
  D) 40
4.

Which one of the following concerning mid-ocean ridges is false?
- A.
  
  A) are sites for submarine eruptions of basaltic lava A) are sites for submarine eruptions of basaltic lava
- B.
  
  B) are where young lithosphere is added to the edges of spreading, oceanic plates
- C.
  
  C) terrigenous sediment coverings are very thin or absent
- D.
  
  D) sediments include thick siliceous ooze deposits and sandy turbidite beds
5.

Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3)?
- A.
  
  A) phosphorites
- B.
  
  B) diatoms
- C.
  
  C) radiolarians
- D.
  
  D) glauconite
- E.
  
  E) foraminiferans
6.

The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the:
- A.
  
  A) abyssal plain far from a continent.
- B.
  
  B) continental rise.
- C.
  
  C) crest of a mid-ocean ridge.
- D.
  
  D) continental shelf.
- E.
  
  E) All of the above locations contain manganese nodules.
7.

Minerals that crystallize directly from seawater are examples of ________.
- A.
  
  A) hydrogenous sediment
- B.
  
  B) biogenous sediment
- C.
  
  C) terrigenous sediment
- D.
  
  D) both terrigenous and biogenous sediment
8.

Submarine canyons form the deepest parts of the ocean basins.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
9.

Manganese nodules do not accumulate below 4500 meters depth because the manganese minerals are highly soluble in seawater below that depth.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
10.

Compared to the Southern Hemisphere, a higher percentage of the Northern Hemisphere is water covered.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
11.

The continental rise lies at the bottom of the continental slope.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
12.

Sand, silt, and clays deposited on the ocean floor are described as terrigenous sediments
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
13.

A pelagic clay contains lots of material that settles to the seafloor through the water column and are:
- A.
  
  A) more than 30% biogenous material.
- B.
  
  B) more than 30% hydrogenous material
- C.
  
  C) more than 30% neritic material
- D.
  
  D) less than 30% biogenous material.
- E.
  
  E) less than 30% neritic material.
14.

The crests of mid-oceanic ridges ________.
- A.
  
  A) lie at depths exceeding 6 kilometers
- B.
  
  B) are geologically old features
- C.
  
  C) are heavily mantled with sediment
- D.
  
  D) contain active rift zones
15.

Which of the following is associated with ocean ridges?
- A.
  
  A) rift zones
- B.
  
  B) mountainous topography
- C.
  
  C) volcanic structures
- D.
  
  D) all of these
16.

Which of the following is not an important control on oceanic sediment accumulation?
- A.
  
  A) degree of preservation
- B.
  
  B) rate of deposition
- C.
  
  C) input from other sediment types
- D.
  
  D) dilution
- E.
  
  E) All of the above factors are important.
17.

Concerning the distribution of land and water, which of the following statements is true?
- A.
  
  A) the Southern Hemisphere has much more water surface than the Northern Hemisphere
- B.
  
  B) the Northern Hemisphere has much more water surface than the Southern Hemisphere
- C.
  
  C) the percentage of land and water is about the same in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres
- D.
  
  D) none of the above are true
18.

Which one of the following salts is most abundant in seawater?
- A.
  
  A) sodium chloride
- B.
  
  B) sodium bicarbonate
- C.
  
  C) potassium bromide
- D.
  
  D) magnesium chloride
19.

Submarine canyons found on the continental slope and are believed to have been created ________.
- A.
  
  A) by rivers during the ice age
- B.
  
  B) because of a plate plunging into the mantle
- C.
  
  C) by faulting
- D.
  
  D) none of these
20.

Submerged, flat-topped seamounts are known as guyots.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
21.

Seafloor hot springs occur mainly in oceanic, abyssal plains.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
22.

The Atlantic and Pacific basins have oceanic ridges; the Indian Ocean has no oceanic ridge
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
23.

Turbidites and siliceous oozes are both biogenous sediments.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
24.

The surface waters in regions where evaporation rates are high, such as the Red Sea, have higher than average salinities
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
25.

The BEST definition of the outer edge of the continental shelf is that point where ________.
- A.
  
  A) a rapid steepening of the gradient occurs
- B.
  
  B) the water depth reaches 100 fathoms
- C.
  
  C) it meets an oceanic ridge
- D.
  
  D) the gradient becomes very gentle