Do You Know The Famous Psychologists?

Explanation
Abraham Maslow is the correct answer because he is the psychologist who formulated the hierarchy of needs. This theory suggests that individuals have different levels of needs, starting from basic physiological needs like food and shelter, and progressing towards higher-level needs such as self-esteem and self-actualization. Maslow's hierarchy of needs has been widely influential in the field of psychology and has provided a framework for understanding human motivation and behavior.

Explanation
Karen Horney was a feminist psychologist who developed the concept of the "10 neurotic needs." She believed that these needs were a result of societal pressures and cultural expectations, particularly for women. Horney's work focused on challenging traditional Freudian theories and highlighting the importance of social and cultural factors in shaping individual psychology. Her exploration of neurotic needs provided valuable insights into the impact of societal norms on mental health and paved the way for feminist psychology.

Explanation
Sigmund Freud is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the proponent of psychoanalysis. Freud developed the theory of psychoanalysis, which emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind, the role of childhood experiences, and the influence of sexuality on human behavior. He believed that psychological issues could be resolved through exploring and understanding the unconscious mind. Freud's theories had a significant impact on the field of psychology and continue to be influential today.

Explanation
Wilhelm Wundt is considered the father of psychology because he is credited with establishing the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879. Wundt's research focused on the scientific study of consciousness and he developed the method of introspection, where participants would observe and report on their own thoughts and experiences. His work laid the foundation for the field of psychology as a separate scientific discipline, marking a significant shift from philosophy and physiology.

Explanation
Erik Erikson is the correct answer because he is known for developing the psychosocial theory. This theory suggests that individuals go through eight stages of psychosocial development throughout their lives, each characterized by a specific conflict or challenge that must be resolved. Erikson's theory emphasizes the importance of social and cultural factors in shaping human development and highlights the interaction between an individual's internal psychological processes and their external social environment.

Explanation
Jean Piaget is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the one who proposed the most influential cognitive theory, known as the stages of cognitive development. Piaget's theory suggests that children progress through four distinct stages of cognitive development, each characterized by different ways of thinking and understanding the world. His work has had a significant impact on the field of developmental psychology and has greatly contributed to our understanding of how children learn and develop cognitively.

Explanation
John Watson was a behaviorist psychologist who believed that any behavior can be learned. He emphasized the importance of studying observable behavior and believed that all behavior is a result of conditioning. Watson conducted the famous "Little Albert" experiment, where he conditioned a baby to fear a white rat by pairing it with a loud noise. This experiment demonstrated the principles of classical conditioning and supported Watson's belief that behavior is learned through associations. Therefore, John Watson is the correct answer to the question.

Explanation
B.F. Skinner is the correct answer because he introduced the concept of Operant Conditioning, which is a type of learning where behavior is strengthened or weakened by the consequences that follow it. Skinner believed that behavior is shaped by reinforcement, which can be positive (rewarding) or negative (removing something unpleasant). He conducted experiments with animals and developed the Skinner Box, a controlled environment to study behavior. Skinner's work has had a significant impact on psychology and education, and his theories are still widely used today.

Explanation
Howard Gardner is the proponent of Multiple Intelligence. He proposed the theory of multiple intelligences, which suggests that intelligence is not a single, fixed trait, but rather a combination of different types of intelligences. According to Gardner, there are eight different types of intelligence, including linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligence. This theory challenges the traditional view of intelligence and suggests that individuals have different strengths and abilities in different areas.

Explanation
Lewis Goldberg is the correct answer because he is the proponent of the Big Five theory. The Big Five theory is a widely accepted framework in psychology that categorizes personality traits into five dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Goldberg developed this theory based on previous research by other psychologists, including Raymond Cattell and Carl Jung, but he is credited with popularizing and advancing the Big Five theory. Carl Rogers, on the other hand, is known for his work in humanistic psychology and person-centered therapy, which is unrelated to the Big Five theory.