Diabetes Mellitus By Rnpedia.Com
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
- 1.An agitated, confused female client arrives in the emergency department. Her history includes type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and angina pectoris. Assessment reveals pallor, diaphoresis, headache, and intense hunger. A stat blood glucose sample measures 42 mg/dl, and the client is treated for an acute hypoglycemic reaction. After recovery, nurse Lily teaches the client to treat hypoglycemia by ingesting:
- A.
2 to 5 g of a simple carbohydrate.
- B.
10 to 15 g of a simple carbohydrate.
- C.
18 to 20 g of a simple carbohydrate.
- D.
25 to 30 g of a simple carbohydrate.
- 2.Nurse John is assigned to care for a postoperative male client who has diabetes mellitus. During the assessment interview, the client reports that he’s impotent and says he’s concerned about its effect on his marriage. In planning this client’s care, the most appropriate intervention would be to:
- A.
Encourage the client to ask questions about personal sexuality.
- B.
Provide time for privacy.
- C.
Provide support for the spouse or significant other.
- D.
Suggest referral to a sex counselor or other appropriate professional.
- 3.During a class on exercise for diabetic clients, a female client asks the nurse educator how often to exercise. The nurse educator advises the clients to exercise how often to meet the goals of planned exercise?
- A.
At least once a week
- B.
At least three times a week
- C.
At least five times a week
- D.
Every day
- 4.A male client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a highly elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb) test result. In discussing the result with the client, nurse Sharmaine would be most accurate in stating:
- A.
“The test needs to be repeated following a 12-hour fast.”
- B.
“It looks like you aren’t following the prescribed diabetic diet.”
- C.
“It tells us about your sugar control for the last 3 months.”
- D.
“Your insulin regimen needs to be altered significantly.”
- 5.A male client with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse about taking an oral antidiabetic agent. Nurse Jack explains that these medications are only effective if the client:
- A.
Prefers to take insulin orally.
- B.
Has type 2 diabetes.
- C.
Has type 1 diabetes.
- D.
Is pregnant and has type 2 diabetes.
- 6.When caring for a female client with a history of hypoglycemia, nurse Ruby should avoid administering a drug that may potentiate hypoglycemia. Which drug fits this description?
- A.
Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin)
- B.
Mexiletine (Mexitil)
- C.
Prednisone (Orasone)
- D.
Lithium carbonate (Lithobid)
- 7.After taking glipizide (Glucotrol) for 9 months, a male client experiences secondary failure. Which of the following would the nurse expect the physician to do?
- A.
Initiate insulin therapy.
- B.
Switch the client to a different oral antidiabetic agent.
- C.
Prescribe an additional oral antidiabetic agent.
- D.
Restrict carbohydrate intake to less than 30% of the total caloric intake.
- 8.Insulin inhibits the release of _______.
- A.
Glucagon
- B.
ADH
- C.
Beta cells
- D.
Somatostatin
- 9.Which of the following is caused by insulin release?
- A.
Increased breakdown of fats
- B.
Increase breakdown of proteins
- C.
Decreased blood sugar
- D.
Causes glucose to be phosphorylated in kidney
- 10.Glucagon causes increased blood sugar and causes slow breakdown of glycogen in the liver.
- A.
TRUE
- B.
FALSE
- 11.As blood glucose decreases glucagon is inhibited.
- A.
TRUE
- B.
FALSE
- 12.Glucagon increases blood levels of glucose by causing liver to breakdown glycogen.
- A.
TRUE
- B.
FALSE
- 13.Which of the following is not true about Type I DM?
- A.
May be linked to autoimmunity
- B.
Onset usually prior to age 20
- C.
Beta islet cells destroyed
- D.
Does not require insulin injections
- 14.Which of the following is not true about Type II DM?
- A.
Considered adult onset diabetes
- B.
Cause unknown may be due to genetics
- C.
Require insulin 80% of cases
- D.
May take a drug that sensitize cells or increase insulin release
- 15.Which of the following is not an effect of diabetes?
- A.
Small vessel occlusion
- B.
Necrosis of extremities
- C.
Ketone Body production
- D.
Decreased fat metabolism
- 16.Which of the following is not an indicator of a hypoglycemic condition?
- A.
Fatigue
- B.
Poor appetite
- C.
Tachycardia
- D.
Confusion
- 17.Which of the following is not an adverse effect of oral hypoglycemics?
- A.
Hypoglycemia
- B.
Headache
- C.
Rashes
- D.
Projectile vomiting
- 18.Which of the following is not an adverse effect of glucagon?
- A.
Allergic reaction
- B.
Vomiting
- C.
Nausea
- D.
Fever
- 19.Which of the following drugs may be given as an immunosuppressant soon after onset of Type I Diabetes?
- A.
Torsemide
- B.
Cyclosporine
- C.
Clofibrate
- D.
Ceftriaxone
- 20.Which of the following is not considered an endocrine hormone?
- A.
Renin
- B.
Insulin
- C.
Glucagon
- D.
Somatostatin
- 21.What type of cells secrete glucagon?
- A.
Beta cells B. C. D.
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Plasma cells
- D.
Acinar cells
- 22.What type of cells secrete insulin?
- A.
Beta cells
- B.
Alpha cells
- C.
Plasma cells
- D.
Acinar cells
- 23.Which of the following would not be considered an acute effect of diabetes mellitus?
- A.
Polyuria
- B.
Weight gain
- C.
Polydipsia
- D.
Polyphagia
- 24.Which of the following is not an accurate test for diabetes?
- A.
Glucose tolerance test
- B.
HbA
- C.
Fasting glucagon test
- 25.Which of the following is not an indicator of diabetic ketoacidosis?
- A.
Hyperthermia
- B.
Nausea/Vomiting
- C.
Slow and shallow breathing
- D.
Psychosis leading to dementia
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