Thorax 2 Heart, Pericardium ETC. Dec 6, 2014 Gross Anatomy Lecture

The valves found at the entrance to the pulmonary artery and the aorta are known as "semilunar" because they have half-moon shaped flaps. These valves prevent the backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles, ensuring that blood flows in one direction only. The semilunar valves open when the ventricles contract and close when the ventricles relax, allowing blood to be pumped out of the heart and preventing it from flowing back into the heart.

The Bonchial Arteries is a banched of the Descending Aorta

The correct answer is Sinuatrial bundle. The conducting system of the heart is responsible for coordinating the contraction and relaxation of the heart muscles. It includes the Sinuatrial node, which is often referred to as the pacemaker of the heart, as it initiates the electrical impulses that regulate the heart's rhythm. The Atrioventricular node is located between the atria and ventricles and helps to transmit the electrical signals from the atria to the ventricles. The Atrioventricular bundle, also known as the Bundle of His, is a specialized bundle of fibers that conducts the electrical impulses from the Atrioventricular node to the ventricles. Therefore, the Sinuatrial bundle is not a part of the conducting system of the heart.

All are True because The Pericarduim Function as a Lubricant protectection of the heart

The aorta is the main artery in the body that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body. It is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to all the organs and tissues. The aorta is the largest artery in the body and plays a crucial role in maintaining proper blood circulation.

The given statement describes the Cardiac Cycle, which refers to all the activities of the heart during one complete heartbeat. It includes both the contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) events of both the atria and ventricles. The Cardiac Cycle is an essential process that allows the heart to pump blood effectively throughout the body.

The Pericardium has 2 layer the Superficial called the Fibrous Pericardium, while the innermost is called the Serous Pericarduim

It is called the Tricuspid Valve

It is the parietal layer

The speed of conduction of the cardiac impulse through the atrioventricular node is about 0.11 seconds. This means that it takes approximately 0.11 seconds for the electrical signal to travel from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles of the heart. This is an important aspect of the heart's electrical system as it allows for proper coordination and timing of the heart's contractions.

The Phrenic nerve Supply the Dia[hargm

The azygos vein is a major vein in the body that drains blood from the posterior abdominal wall and thoracic wall into the superior vena cava. It is formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar vein and the right subcostal vein. The azygos vein then ascends on the right side of the vertebral column, receiving blood from various veins along its course. It eventually arches over the root of the right lung to join the superior vena cava. Therefore, the azygos vein is the correct answer as it consists of superior and inferior hemiazygos veins.

surrounds the atrioventricular, aortic and pulmonary orifices

The azygous vein drains blood from various organs in the body, including the pericardium, diaphragm, and bronchi. However, it does not drain blood from the stomach. The azygous vein is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the chest and abdominal walls back to the heart.

the Atrioventricular Bundle is also known as Bundle of His because German Physician named Wilhelm His He was one of the first to recognize that the heartbeat originates in nodes of modified heart muscle. In 1893 he described the atrioventricular bundle

Atrial Septum divides the right and left atria

False because Your Heart attack may start slowly with only mild chest pain or discomfort, or you may not get any pain at all- just discomfort in other areas of your upper body. You may also get a shocking feeling on your Throat , or heavy and useless arms

The Heart has 3 surface the Sternocostal, diaphragmatic and the base

guards the aortic orifice

The correct answer is the Superior Vena Cava. The Superior Vena Cava is formed by the union of the two brachiocephalic veins. It is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body back to the heart.

The heart rest on its diaphragmatic (inferior) surface

The azygous vein is often formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar vein and the right subcostal vein. This vein is a major tributary of the superior vena cava, which is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart. The inferior vena cava, on the other hand, carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart. The pulmonary vein, in contrast, carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. Therefore, the correct answer is the azygous vein.

Its Trabeculae Carnae is well developed

The Right Atrium has 4 opening the Superior Vena cava, inferior Vena Cava, Coronary Sinuses, Right Atrioventricular orifice

The ventricular septum is a wall that separates the left and right ventricles of the heart. It is composed of two parts, a smaller part and a larger part. The smaller part of the ventricular septum is thin, membranous, and attached to the fibrous skeleton. Therefore, the correct answer is "Thick" because the smaller part of the ventricular septum is not thick.

The heart is situated in the middle of the mediastinum posterior to the breastbone in the chest, at the level of thoracic vertebrae T5-T8

Conveys deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the Lungs

The normal heart beat rate in a resting newborn child ages 0-1 month old can range from 70 to 190 beats per minute (bpm) or 130 to 150 beats per minute (bpm).

Arises from the anterior aortic sinus of the ascending aorta,
Descend almost vertically in the right atrioventricular groove
It branches supply the right atrium and right ventricles, It also suply parts of the left atrium left ventricle and the atrioventricular septum

The heart is located superiorly to the diaphargm

The given description matches the characteristics of the ascending aorta. It starts at the base of the left ventricle, runs upward and forward, and is located within the fibrous pericardium. Therefore, the correct answer is the ascending aorta.

Ascends through the left Crus of the diaphragm
Turns to the right and joins the azygos vein at the level of 8th Thoracic Vertebra

The descending thoracic aorta does not begin as a continuation of the arch of the aorta. Instead, it begins at the level of T11. The other statements are true: it lies inferior to the mediastinum and it has two branches.

b. is wrong because the Pericardium location anteriorly is from the 5th to 8th Thoracic Vertebrae

The Apex is downward, forward, and to the left, it is Formed by the left ventricle

The left atrium is not situated anteriorly behind the right atrium, but rather posteriorly. The left atrium consists of a main cavity and a left auricle, it is separated from the esophagus by the serous pericardium, and the interior of the left atrium is rough.

The Coronary Sinus lies posteriorly of the atrioventricular groove

The sternopericardial ligaments are a group of ligaments that connect the fibrous pericardium to the sternum. These ligaments help to anchor and stabilize the heart within the chest cavity. They are located on the anterior surface of the heart and provide support to the pericardium, helping to maintain its position and prevent excessive movement or displacement.

The Tricuspid Valve lies behind the left half of the sternum :opposite the 4th Intercostal Space
The Mitral Valve lies behind the left half of the sternum : opposite the 3rd costal cartilage
The Mitral Valve has 2 cups