Contineous Assesment No 02 IP I (Pr)

Mottling refers to the uneven distribution of color on a tablet. This means that there are patches or areas on the tablet where the color is not evenly spread or distributed. Mottling can occur due to various factors such as improper mixing of colorants during tablet manufacturing or uneven compression of the tablet. It can affect the appearance and quality of the tablet, and may indicate a manufacturing defect.

Aerosil is used as a glidant. A glidant is a substance that is added to powders to improve their flow properties and prevent them from sticking to the surfaces of equipment during processing. Aerosil, which is a brand name for fumed silica, is commonly used as a glidant in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. It helps to reduce friction between particles, allowing for smoother and more efficient flow of powders during manufacturing processes.

The disintegration time for sugarcoated tablets is 60 minutes. This means that it takes 60 minutes for the sugarcoated tablets to break down and dissolve in the stomach. This is an important factor to consider when determining the effectiveness and absorption rate of the medication. A longer disintegration time may indicate slower absorption, while a shorter disintegration time may suggest faster absorption.

PVP is a synthetic adhesive because it stands for polyvinylpyrrolidone, which is a synthetic polymer commonly used as an adhesive in various industries. It has excellent adhesive properties and is often used in products such as glue sticks, tapes, and medical adhesives. PVP is known for its strong bonding capabilities and versatility, making it a popular choice for synthetic adhesive applications.

Adding a glidant to the granules in the hopper can improve the flow rate. A glidant is a substance that reduces the friction between particles, allowing them to flow more easily. By reducing the friction, the granules can move more freely and smoothly through the hopper, resulting in an improved flow rate. This can be particularly beneficial in processes where a consistent and efficient flow of granules is required, such as in pharmaceutical manufacturing or powder processing industries.

Excessive moisture is responsible for sticking because when there is too much moisture, it can cause surfaces or substances to become wet or damp. This wetness can create a sticky or tacky texture, making things adhere or stick together. In contrast, low moisture levels would not typically cause sticking because there is not enough moisture present to create a sticky environment. Therefore, excessive moisture is the primary factor that leads to sticking.

The statement "Oral route avoids first pass metabolism" is incorrect. The oral route is actually associated with first-pass metabolism, where drugs are metabolized in the liver before entering the systemic circulation. This can result in a significant reduction in the bioavailability of certain drugs.

PEG, or polyethylene glycol, is a water soluble lubricant. It is a polymer compound that is commonly used as a lubricant in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products. PEG is soluble in water, which allows it to easily mix with other substances and provide lubrication. It is often used as a lubricant in medications, ointments, and creams due to its water solubility and ability to enhance the spreadability and consistency of products. Stearic acid, mineral oil, and magnesium stearate, on the other hand, are not water soluble lubricants.

Anhydrous lactose has the advantage over hydrous lactose due to the absence of the Maillard reaction. The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between amino acids and reducing sugars, leading to the browning of food and the formation of flavor compounds. In the case of lactose, the Maillard reaction can result in undesirable changes in color, taste, and odor. Anhydrous lactose, which is lactose without water, does not undergo this reaction, making it a preferred option in various applications such as food and pharmaceutical industries.

Sub-coating in sugar coating of tablets is done to round the edges and build the tablet size. This process involves applying a layer of sub-coating material to the tablet surface, which helps in smoothing the edges and increasing the overall size of the tablet. This is important for improving the aesthetics of the tablet and making it easier to swallow. Additionally, sub-coating also provides a protective layer that helps prevent the tablet from breaking due to vibration during handling and transportation.