Electronics Systems And Technologies

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Catherine Halcomb
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  • 1/1288 Questions

    AM stands for

    • Audio Modulation
    • Amplitude Modulation
    • Angle Modulation
    • Antenna Modulation
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Priority Level: High (ECE) & Low (ECT)

Electronics Systems And Technologies - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    VHF stands for the ____________________ frequency band.

    • Very high

    • Very huge

    • Volatile high

    • Volume huge

    Correct Answer
    A. Very high
    Explanation
    VHF stands for the Very High frequency band. This term is commonly used in telecommunications and radio broadcasting to refer to a specific range of frequencies between 30 and 300 MHz. The term "Very High" accurately describes the frequency range covered by VHF, which is higher than the frequencies used for AM and FM radio broadcasting.

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  • 3. 

    The smallest element or part of a picture is a

    • Pixel

    • CCD

    • Pod

    • Pic

    Correct Answer
    A. Pixel
    Explanation
    A pixel is the smallest element or part of a picture. It refers to a single point in a digital image or on a display screen. Pixels are used to represent and display images in various forms, such as photographs, videos, and computer graphics. Each pixel contains information about its color and intensity, and when combined with other pixels, they create the complete image.

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  • 4. 

    What type of satellite appears to stay in one position in the sky?

    • Geostationary

    • HEO

    • Geomagnetic

    • LEO

    Correct Answer
    A. Geostationary
    Explanation
    A geostationary satellite appears to stay in one position in the sky because it orbits the Earth at the same speed and direction as the Earth's rotation. This allows the satellite to remain fixed relative to a specific location on the Earth's surface, making it ideal for applications such as weather monitoring, communications, and television broadcasting. HEO (Highly Elliptical Orbit) satellites have highly elliptical orbits and do not stay in one position in the sky. Geomagnetic satellites study Earth's magnetic field and LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellites have low orbits and also do not stay in one position in the sky.

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  • 5. 

    QAM stands for:

    • Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

    • Quadrature Amplitude Masking

    • Quadrature Amplitude Marking

    • None of the choices

    Correct Answer
    A. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
    Explanation
    QAM stands for Quadrature Amplitude Modulation. This is a modulation scheme used in telecommunications to transmit digital signals over an analog channel. It combines both amplitude modulation and phase modulation to encode the digital information into the amplitude and phase of the carrier signal. By using different combinations of amplitude and phase, multiple bits can be transmitted simultaneously, increasing the data rate. Therefore, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation accurately describes the technique used in this modulation scheme.

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  • 6. 

    FSK stands for:

    • Full-Shift Keying

    • Frequency-Shift Keying

    • Full-Signal Keying

    • None of the choices

    Correct Answer
    A. Frequency-Shift Keying
    Explanation
    FSK stands for Frequency-Shift Keying. This is a digital modulation technique where the frequency of the carrier signal is varied in accordance with the digital input signal. In FSK, different frequencies are used to represent different binary states, typically 0 and 1. This modulation technique is commonly used in telecommunications and data transmission systems to transmit digital information over analog channels.

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  • 7. 

    SWR stands for

    • Standing Wave Ratio

    • Shorted Wave Radiation

    • Sine Wave Response

    • Shorted Wire Region

    Correct Answer
    A. Standing Wave Ratio
    Explanation
    SWR stands for Standing Wave Ratio. Standing wave ratio is a measure of how well a transmission line is matched to its load. A low SWR indicates a good match, while a high SWR indicates a poor match. SWR is important in radio frequency systems, as a high SWR can result in power loss and damage to the equipment.

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  • 8. 

    Which generation of cellular network technology preceded 5G?

    • 4G

    • 3G

    • 2G

    • 3.75G

    Correct Answer
    A. 4G
    Explanation
    4G is the correct answer because it is the generation of cellular network technology that came before 5G. 4G, also known as LTE (Long-Term Evolution), provided faster data speeds and improved network capacity compared to its predecessor, 3G. It enabled the widespread adoption of mobile internet and streaming services on smartphones and other connected devices. 5G is the next generation of cellular technology, promising even faster speeds, lower latency, and greater capacity for supporting emerging technologies like autonomous vehicles and the Internet of Things.

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  • 9. 

    What is the modulation index of an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency deviation of 3000 Hz either side of the carrier frequency when the modulating frequency is 1000 Hz?

    • 3

    • 0.3

    • 3000

    • 1000

    Correct Answer
    A. 3
    Explanation
    The modulation index of an FM-phone signal is determined by dividing the maximum frequency deviation by the modulating frequency. In this case, the maximum frequency deviation is given as 3000 Hz and the modulating frequency is 1000 Hz. Dividing 3000 Hz by 1000 Hz gives a modulation index of 3.

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  • 10. 

    TDM stands for

    • Time-Division Multiplexing

    • Two-level Digital Modulation

    • Two-level Digital Modulation

    • Time-Division Multiple

    Correct Answer
    A. Time-Division Multiplexing
    Explanation
    TDM stands for Time-Division Multiplexing. This technique is used in telecommunications to transmit multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the available time slots into smaller units and allocating them to each signal. Each signal takes turns in using the channel, thus allowing multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously. This method is commonly used in applications such as telephone systems and digital subscriber lines (DSL) to efficiently utilize the available bandwidth.

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  • 11. 

    HDTV stands for

    • High-definition television

    • High-digital television

    • High-direct television

    • High-detection television

    Correct Answer
    A. High-definition television
    Explanation
    HDTV stands for High-definition television, which refers to a television system that provides a higher resolution and clearer image quality compared to standard-definition television. It offers a sharper, more detailed picture with enhanced color reproduction and a wider aspect ratio. HDTV has become the standard for modern televisions, providing a more immersive and enjoyable viewing experience for users.

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  • 12. 

     It allows many signals to share a channel.

    • Multiplexing

    • Encoding

    • Debugging

    • Spreading

    Correct Answer
    A. Multiplexing
    Explanation
    Multiplexing is the correct answer because it refers to the process of combining multiple signals or data streams into a single channel or transmission medium. By doing so, it allows many signals to share the same channel, optimizing the use of available resources and increasing efficiency. This technique is commonly used in telecommunications and networking to transmit multiple signals simultaneously over a single channel, saving time and resources.

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  • 13. 

    IP stands for:

    • Internet Process

    • Internet Protocol

    • Interconnect Protocol

    • Interconnect Procedure

    Correct Answer
    A. Internet Protocol
    Explanation
    IP stands for Internet Protocol. The Internet Protocol is a set of rules that governs the format and transmission of data packets over the internet. It is responsible for routing data packets from the source to the destination device, ensuring reliable and efficient communication between different networks. IP addresses are used to uniquely identify devices on a network and enable the delivery of data packets to the correct destination. Therefore, Internet Protocol is the correct answer as it accurately represents the purpose and function of IP in computer networks.

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  • 14. 

    What is antenna bandwidth?

    • The frequency range over which an antenna satisfies a performance requirement.

    • Antenna length divided by the number of elements.

    • The angle between the half-power radiation points.

    • The angle formed between two imaginary lines drawn through the element ends.

    Correct Answer
    A. The frequency range over which an antenna satisfies a performance requirement.
    Explanation
    Antenna bandwidth refers to the frequency range over which an antenna is able to meet a specific performance requirement. This means that the antenna is designed and optimized to operate effectively within a certain range of frequencies, and its performance may vary outside of this range. The antenna's ability to transmit and receive signals efficiently is directly related to its bandwidth.

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  • 15. 

    FDM stands for

    • Fast Digital Modulation

    • Free Digital Modulation

    • Frequency-Division Multiplexing

    • Frequency-Division Multiple

    Correct Answer
    A. Frequency-Division Multiplexing
    Explanation
    FDM stands for Frequency-Division Multiplexing. This technique is used to transmit multiple signals simultaneously over a single communication channel by dividing the available bandwidth into multiple frequency bands. Each signal is allocated a different frequency band, allowing them to be transmitted simultaneously without interfering with each other. FDM is commonly used in telecommunications systems to maximize the utilization of the available bandwidth and efficiently transmit multiple signals over a single communication medium.

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  • 16. 

    A technique used by codes to convert an analog signal into a digital bit stream is known as

    • Pulse code modulation

    • Pulse stretcher

    • Query processing

    • Queue management

    Correct Answer
    A. Pulse code modulation
    Explanation
    Pulse code modulation (PCM) is a technique used by codes to convert an analog signal into a digital bit stream. In PCM, the amplitude of the analog signal is sampled at regular intervals and each sample is assigned a binary code. This binary code represents the amplitude of the signal at that particular point in time. PCM is commonly used in telecommunications and audio applications, as it allows for accurate and reliable transmission and storage of analog signals in a digital format.

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  • 17. 

    Thermal noise is caused by the random motions of ____________________ in a conductor.

    • Electrons

    • Protons

    • Neutrons

    • Atoms

    Correct Answer
    A. Electrons
    Explanation
    Thermal noise is caused by the random motions of electrons in a conductor. As electrons move through a conductor, they collide with atoms and other electrons, creating random fluctuations in the electrical signal. These fluctuations result in thermal noise, which can interfere with the desired signal and reduce the overall signal quality. Therefore, the correct answer is electrons.

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  • 18. 

    All cell phone systems are

    • Quarter duplex

    • Half duplex

    • Three-quarter duplex

    • Full duplex

    Correct Answer
    A. Full duplex
    Explanation
    Full duplex means that a device can transmit and receive data simultaneously. In the context of cell phone systems, full duplex allows users to talk and listen at the same time, just like in a regular phone conversation. This is achieved through the use of separate frequencies for sending and receiving data. Therefore, the correct answer is full duplex because it accurately describes the capability of cell phone systems to handle simultaneous two-way communication.

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  • 19. 

    HTTP stands for:

    • High-speed Transmission Test Procedure

    • High-Level Transfer Test Procedure

    • Hypertext Transmission and Transport Procedure

    • Hypertext Transfer Protocol

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypertext Transfer Protocol
    Explanation
    HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is a protocol used for transmitting hypertext (text that includes links) over the internet. It is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web. HTTP allows web browsers to send requests to web servers and receive responses back, enabling the retrieval and display of web pages. It is a standardized set of rules and conventions that govern the communication between clients (such as web browsers) and servers (such as web servers).

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  • 20. 

    A radio signal's ____________________ is the distance it travels in one cycle of the carrier.

    • Wavelength

    • Isotropic length

    • Spectrum length

    • Dipole length

    Correct Answer
    A. Wavelength
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "wavelength". In the context of a radio signal, wavelength refers to the distance the signal travels in one complete cycle of the carrier wave. It is a fundamental property of any wave, including radio waves, and is typically measured in meters or other units of length. The wavelength of a radio signal determines its frequency and is important in various aspects of signal propagation and communication.

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  • 21. 

    What is the name of the Philippines first microsatellite?

    • Diwata-1

    • Echo 1

    • Telstar 1

    • Sputnik 1

    Correct Answer
    A. Diwata-1
    Explanation
    Diwata-1 is the correct answer because it was the first microsatellite launched by the Philippines. The name "Diwata" means "fairy" or "goddess" in Filipino, symbolizing the country's aspiration to reach for the stars. Diwata-1 was launched on March 23, 2016, and it played a significant role in promoting space science and technology in the Philippines. It was designed to capture high-resolution images of the Earth's surface and monitor weather patterns, as well as conduct experiments in space technology and atmospheric research.

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  • 22. 

    What is the name of the Philippines second microsatellite?

    • Diwata-2

    • Echo 2

    • Telstar 2

    • Sputnik 2

    Correct Answer
    A. Diwata-2
    Explanation
    Diwata-2 is the correct answer because it is the second microsatellite launched by the Philippines. The name "Diwata" is derived from a Filipino word meaning "fairy" or "goddess," symbolizing the country's aspiration to harness space technology for the benefit of its people. Diwata-2 was launched in October 2018 and is primarily used for Earth observation and disaster management purposes.

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  • 23. 

    What are the principal frequencies that appear at the output of a mixer circuit?

    • The two input frequencies along with their sum and difference frequencies.

    • Two and four times the original frequency.

    • The square root of the product of input frequencies.

    • 1.414 and 0.707 times the input frequency

    Correct Answer
    A. The two input frequencies along with their sum and difference frequencies.
    Explanation
    The principal frequencies that appear at the output of a mixer circuit are the two input frequencies along with their sum and difference frequencies. This is because a mixer circuit combines two input frequencies to produce an output signal that contains both the sum and difference of the input frequencies. Therefore, the correct answer is the first option.

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  • 24. 

    Which of the following features is not currently available with current cell phone technology?

    • Digital camera

    • GPS

    • MP3 player

    • Indefinite battery life

    Correct Answer
    A. Indefinite battery life
    Explanation
    The given question asks for a feature that is not currently available with current cell phone technology. Among the options, a digital camera, GPS, and MP3 player are all features that are commonly found in cell phones today. However, indefinite battery life is not currently possible with current cell phone technology. This means that cell phones still have limitations when it comes to battery life and require regular charging.

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  • 25. 

    The brain of any computer system is

    • ALU

    • Memory

    • CPU

    • Control unit

    Correct Answer
    A. CPU
    Explanation
    The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is often referred to as the brain of a computer system. It is responsible for executing instructions, performing calculations, and managing the flow of data within the system. The CPU consists of multiple components, including the ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), which performs mathematical and logical operations, the control unit, which coordinates and controls the activities of the CPU, and the memory, which stores data and instructions for the CPU to access and process. Therefore, the CPU is the correct answer as it encompasses all these essential components.

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  • 26. 

    PSK stands for:

    • Pulse-Signal Keying

    • Pulse-Shift Keying

    • Phase-Signal Keying

    • Phase-Shift Keying

    Correct Answer
    A. Phase-Shift Keying
    Explanation
    Phase-Shift Keying (PSK) is a digital modulation technique where the phase of the carrier signal is varied to represent binary data. In PSK, different phase states are assigned to different binary symbols, typically 0 and 1. By shifting the phase of the carrier signal, the receiver can detect the changes in phase and decode the binary data. Therefore, PSK is the correct expansion for the acronym PSK.

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  • 27. 

    Which of the following modes is used to send image data over telephone lines?

    • On/off keying

    • Fax

    • AM

    • Product detection

    Correct Answer
    A. Fax
    Explanation
    Fax is the correct answer because it is a mode specifically designed for sending image data over telephone lines. Fax machines convert images into signals that can be transmitted over telephone lines and then reassembled into images on the receiving end. This mode allows for the transmission of documents, photographs, and other visual materials over long distances using standard telephone lines.

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  • 28. 

    When two or more signals share a common channel, it is called

    • Sub-channeling

    • Signal switching

    • SINAD

    • Multiplexing

    Correct Answer
    A. Multiplexing
    Explanation
    Multiplexing is the correct answer because it refers to the process of combining multiple signals into a single channel or transmission medium. In this scenario, when two or more signals share a common channel, they are being multiplexed. This allows for efficient use of the channel and enables multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously. Sub-channeling, signal switching, and SINAD are not applicable in this context and do not accurately describe the situation of multiple signals sharing a common channel.

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  • 29. 

    Unwanted ads and solicitations via email fall into the category of

    • Spam

    • A virus

    • Spyware

    • A smurf attack

    Correct Answer
    A. Spam
    Explanation
    Unwanted ads and solicitations via email are commonly referred to as spam. Spam refers to unsolicited and often irrelevant or inappropriate messages sent in bulk to a large number of recipients. These messages are typically sent for advertising purposes or to spread malware. Spam can be a nuisance and can also pose security risks to users if they contain malicious links or attachments.

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  • 30. 

    A mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. and distributed exclusively for Apple hardware.

    • Android

    • Garnet OS

    • IOS

    • MeeGo

    Correct Answer
    A. IOS
    Explanation
    iOS is the correct answer because it is a mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. and is exclusively distributed for Apple hardware. It is known for its user-friendly interface, seamless integration with other Apple devices, and a wide range of applications available on the App Store. iOS is known for its strong security features and regular updates, making it a popular choice among Apple users.

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  • 31. 

    A balanced load can be connected to an unbalanced cable

    • Directly

    • By using a filter

    • By using a "balun"

    • Cannot be connected

    Correct Answer
    A. By using a "balun"
    Explanation
    A balanced load can be connected to an unbalanced cable by using a "balun". A balun is a device that converts between balanced and unbalanced signals. It allows for the connection of a balanced load, which has two equal and opposite signals, to an unbalanced cable, which has only one signal conductor. The balun ensures that the balanced load is properly matched to the unbalanced cable, preventing signal distortion or loss.

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  • 32. 

    EIRP stands for:

    • The E and I fields of the Radiated Power

    • The Effective Isotropic Radiated Power

    • The Effective Internal Reflected Power

    • The Electric-field Intensity of the Radiated Power

    Correct Answer
    A. The Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
    Explanation
    EIRP stands for the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power. It is a measure of the power that an antenna radiates in a specific direction. Isotropic refers to an idealized antenna that radiates power equally in all directions. The EIRP takes into account the gain of the antenna as well as the power input to the antenna, providing a standardized measurement of the power radiated by an antenna.

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  • 33. 

    How does the spread spectrum technique of frequency hopping work?

    • The frequency of the transmitted signal is changed very rapidly according to a pseudorandom sequence also used by the receiving station.

    • A binary bit stream is used to shift the phase of an RF carrier very rapidly in a pseudorandom sequence.

    • If interference is detected by the receiver it will signal the transmitter to wait until the frequency is clear.

    • If interference is detected by the receiver it will signal the transmitter to change frequencies.

    Correct Answer
    A. The frequency of the transmitted signal is changed very rapidly according to a pseudorandom sequence also used by the receiving station.
    Explanation
    In frequency hopping spread spectrum technique, the frequency of the transmitted signal is rapidly changed according to a pseudorandom sequence. This sequence is also known to the receiving station, allowing it to synchronize with the transmitter and hop frequencies in the same pattern. This technique helps in spreading the signal energy across a wide bandwidth, making it more resistant to interference and jamming.

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  • 34. 

    What is the radiation resistance of an antenna?

    • The value of a resistance that would dissipate the same amount of power as that radiated from an antenna.

    • The combined losses of the antenna elements and feed line.

    • The specific impedance of the antenna.

    • The resistance in the atmosphere that an antenna must overcome to be able to radiate a signal.

    Correct Answer
    A. The value of a resistance that would dissipate the same amount of power as that radiated from an antenna.
    Explanation
    The radiation resistance of an antenna refers to the value of a resistance that would dissipate the same amount of power as that radiated from the antenna. This means that it represents the theoretical resistance that would absorb all the power radiated by the antenna, without any losses. It is an important parameter to consider when designing and analyzing antennas, as it helps in determining the efficiency and performance of the antenna system.

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  • 35. 

    What is a folded dipole antenna?

    • A half-wave dipole with an additional parallel wire connecting its two ends.

    • A dipole one-quarter wavelength long.

    • A type of ground-plane antenna.

    • A dipole configured to provide forward gain.

    Correct Answer
    A. A half-wave dipole with an additional parallel wire connecting its two ends.
    Explanation
    A folded dipole antenna is a type of antenna that consists of a half-wave dipole with an additional parallel wire connecting its two ends. This additional wire increases the electrical length of the antenna, allowing it to resonate at a lower frequency than a regular half-wave dipole. The folded dipole antenna offers improved impedance matching and increased bandwidth compared to a standard dipole antenna.

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  • 36. 

    Which of the following is often determined using a Smith chart?

    • Impedance and SWR values in transmission lines

    • Beam headings and radiation patterns

    • Satellite azimuth and elevation bearings

    • Trigonometric functions

    Correct Answer
    A. Impedance and SWR values in transmission lines
    Explanation
    A Smith chart is a graphical tool used in electrical engineering to analyze and design transmission lines and impedance matching networks. It is particularly useful for determining the impedance and standing wave ratio (SWR) values in transmission lines. By plotting complex impedance values on the Smith chart, engineers can easily calculate and visualize the impedance and SWR at any point along the transmission line. This helps in optimizing the performance and efficiency of the transmission line by ensuring proper impedance matching.

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  • 37. 

    NBFM stands for:

    • National Broadcast FM

    • Non-Broadcast FM

    • Near Band FM

    • Narrowband FM

    Correct Answer
    A. Narrowband FM
    Explanation
    NBFM stands for Narrowband FM. Narrowband FM refers to a type of frequency modulation used in radio communications. It is characterized by a narrow bandwidth, which allows for efficient use of the frequency spectrum. Unlike wideband FM, narrowband FM occupies less space on the spectrum, making it suitable for applications where limited bandwidth is available or where multiple channels need to be accommodated. Narrowband FM is commonly used in two-way radio systems, wireless communication devices, and amateur radio operations.

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  • 38. 

    Codec stands for:

    • Coder-Decoder

    • Coded-Carrier

    • Code-Compression

    • None of the choices

    Correct Answer
    A. Coder-Decoder
    Explanation
    Codec stands for Coder-Decoder. A codec is a device or software that encodes and decodes digital data. It is used to compress and decompress audio, video, and other types of data for transmission and storage. The term "codec" is derived from the words "coder" and "decoder" because it involves the process of encoding data into a compressed format and decoding it back to its original form.

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  • 39. 

    What is the modulation index of an FM-phone signal having a maximum carrier deviation of plus or minus 6 kHz when modulated with a 2 kHz modulating frequency?

    • 3

    • 6000

    • 2000

    • 1/3

    Correct Answer
    A. 3
    Explanation
    The modulation index of an FM-phone signal is determined by dividing the maximum carrier deviation by the modulating frequency. In this case, the maximum carrier deviation is plus or minus 6 kHz and the modulating frequency is 2 kHz. Therefore, the modulation index is 6 kHz divided by 2 kHz, which equals 3.

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  • 40. 

    A complete communication system must include

    • A transmitter and receiver

    • A transmitter, a receiver, and a channel

    • A transmitter, a receiver, and a spectrum analyzer

    • A multiplexer, a demultiplexer, and a channel

    Correct Answer
    A. A transmitter, a receiver, and a channel
    Explanation
    A complete communication system requires a transmitter to send the information, a receiver to receive the information, and a channel through which the information is transmitted. The transmitter converts the information into a signal that can be sent through the channel, while the receiver decodes the signal to retrieve the original information. The channel serves as the medium through which the signal is transmitted, such as a wire, fiber optic cable, or wireless spectrum. Therefore, all three components are necessary for a communication system to function properly.

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  • 41. 

    What must be done to prevent standing waves on an antenna feed line?

    • The antenna feed point must be at DC ground potential

    • The feed line must be cut to an odd number of electrical quarter wavelengths long

    • The feed line must be cut to an even number of physical half wavelengths long

    • The antenna feed-point impedance must be matched to the characteristic impedance of the feed line

    Correct Answer
    A. The antenna feed-point impedance must be matched to the characteristic impedance of the feed line
    Explanation
    To prevent standing waves on an antenna feed line, the antenna feed-point impedance must be matched to the characteristic impedance of the feed line. When the impedance of the feed-point matches the characteristic impedance of the feed line, it ensures that the energy is efficiently transferred from the transmitter to the antenna without any reflections. This prevents the formation of standing waves, which can cause signal degradation and loss of power.

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  • 42. 

    Radio broadcasting is a familiar example of

    • Space multiplexing

    • Time multiplexing

    • Frequency multiplexing

    • Code multiplexing

    Correct Answer
    A. Frequency multiplexing
    Explanation
    Frequency multiplexing is the correct answer because radio broadcasting involves transmitting multiple signals simultaneously over different frequencies. Each station is assigned a specific frequency, and by using frequency multiplexing, these signals can be combined and transmitted through the airwaves. This allows multiple radio stations to coexist without interfering with each other.

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  • 43. 

    CRC stands for:

    • Control Receiver Code

    • Correct Received Character

    • Cyclic Redundancy Check

    • Cycle Repeat Character

    Correct Answer
    A. Cyclic Redundancy Check
    Explanation
    CRC stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check. It is an error-detecting code used in digital networks and storage devices to ensure the integrity of data transmission. The CRC algorithm generates a fixed-size checksum, which is appended to the data being transmitted. The receiver recalculates the checksum and compares it with the received checksum. If they match, it indicates that the data was received without errors. If they don't match, it suggests that errors may have occurred during transmission, and the data needs to be resent.

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  • 44. 

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of 5G?

    • Limited coverage

    • Higher data rates

    • Lower latency

    • Lower power consumption

    Correct Answer
    A. Limited coverage
    Explanation
    5G has a disadvantage of limited coverage. This means that the network may not be available in all areas, especially in rural or remote locations. Limited coverage can restrict the accessibility and availability of 5G services to a smaller population, making it less reliable and less convenient for those who do not have access to the network.

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  • 45. 

    DSP stands for:

    • Dynamic Signal Properties

    • Direct Signal Phase

    • Distorted Signal Packet

    • Digital Signal Processor

    Correct Answer
    A. Digital Signal Processor
    Explanation
    DSP stands for Digital Signal Processor. This is a specialized microprocessor that is designed to perform efficient and fast mathematical calculations on digital signals. It is commonly used in audio and video processing, telecommunications, and image processing applications. The term "Digital Signal Processor" accurately describes the function and purpose of this technology.

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  • 46. 

    ITU is an abbreviation for:

    • International Telephony Unit

    • International Telephony Union

    • International Telecommunications Union

    • International Telecommunications Units

    Correct Answer
    A. International Telecommunications Union
    Explanation
    ITU stands for International Telecommunications Union. This organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that focuses on information and communication technologies. It is responsible for coordinating international telecommunications standards, allocating global radio spectrum, and promoting the development of affordable and accessible communication services worldwide.

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  • 47. 

    DSL stands for:

    • Data Signal Line

    • Digital Signal Line

    • Digital Subscriber Line

    • Double-Speed Loop

    Correct Answer
    A. Digital Subscriber Line
    Explanation
    DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line. It is a type of high-speed internet connection that uses existing telephone lines to transmit digital data. DSL provides faster download and upload speeds compared to traditional dial-up connections. It allows users to access the internet while simultaneously using their telephone line for voice calls.

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  • 48. 

    What is microstrip?

    • Precision printed circuit conductors above a ground plane that provide constant impedance interconnects at microwave frequencies.

    • Short lengths of coax mounted on printed circuit boards to minimize time delay between microwave circuits.

    • Miniature coax used for low power applications.

    • Lightweight transmission line made of common zip cord.

    Correct Answer
    A. Precision printed circuit conductors above a ground plane that provide constant impedance interconnects at microwave frequencies.
    Explanation
    Microstrip refers to precision printed circuit conductors that are positioned above a ground plane. These conductors are designed to provide constant impedance interconnects specifically at microwave frequencies.

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  • 49. 

    The highest layer of the ionosphere is

    • The D layer

    • The E layer

    • The F layer

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. The F layer
    Explanation
    The F layer is the highest layer of the ionosphere. It is located at an altitude of about 200 to 600 kilometers above the Earth's surface. This layer is responsible for reflecting high frequency radio waves back to the Earth, allowing long-distance communication. The F layer is further divided into two sub-layers, F1 and F2, with the F2 layer being the highest and most important for long-distance communication. Therefore, the F layer is the correct answer as it is the highest layer of the ionosphere.

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  • Mar 19, 2012
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