Child Development - Qp4

Explanation
Birth marks the beginning of an individual's physical existence, but it does not necessarily mark the beginning of their identity or consciousness. Many believe that a person's identity and consciousness develop over time through experiences, relationships, and personal growth. Therefore, while birth is an important milestone, it is not the sole determinant of an individual's beginning.

Explanation
Sleeping, digestion, and respiration are all physiological functions because they are processes that occur within the body to maintain homeostasis and support overall health and functioning. Sleeping is a necessary function for rest and recovery, digestion is the process of breaking down food for absorption and energy production, and respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. Reading, homework, and grooming are not physiological functions as they do not directly relate to the body's internal processes.

Explanation
Physiological and psychological functions are not distinct from each other. They are interconnected and influence each other. Physiological functions refer to the processes and activities of the body, such as breathing, digestion, and circulation. On the other hand, psychological functions involve mental processes and behaviors, including thoughts, emotions, and perceptions. These two aspects of human functioning are closely intertwined, with physiological factors often influencing psychological states and vice versa. Therefore, the statement that physiological and psychological functions are distinct is incorrect.

Explanation
The correct answers are based on the typical sequence of development in children. Gestures before words refers to the fact that children often use gestures to communicate before they develop language skills. Perceptions before abstractions means that children first develop their sensory perception skills before they are able to understand abstract concepts. Head balance precedes body balance refers to the fact that children usually gain control of their head movements before they are able to control their body movements. Motor control of the eyes precedes that of the fingers means that children typically develop the ability to control their eye movements before they can control their finger movements.

Explanation
The statement is false because self-regulatory fluctuation and reciprocal interweaving are actually suitable methods of child development. Self-regulatory fluctuation refers to a child's ability to regulate their own behavior and emotions, which is an important skill for their development. Reciprocal interweaving refers to the interaction between a child and their environment, which helps them learn and grow. Both of these methods play a crucial role in promoting healthy child development.

Explanation
The muscular system is more accurately known as the neuro-muscular system because it involves the coordination between the muscles and the nervous system. The muscles receive signals from the nerves to contract and relax, allowing for movement and maintaining posture. This close relationship between the muscles and the nerves is essential for the proper functioning of the body. Therefore, the term "neuro-muscular system" accurately describes the interconnectedness and interdependence of the muscles and the nervous system.

Explanation
The statement is false because the structuralisation of behavior is actually an important concept. It refers to the organization and patterns of behavior within a society or group. Understanding how behavior is structured can provide insights into social norms, roles, and expectations. It helps to explain why people behave in certain ways and how social order is maintained. Therefore, the structuralisation of behavior is a significant concept in the study of sociology and social sciences.

Explanation
The given statement is true. The action system refers to the collection or corpus of behavior. It encompasses all the actions and behaviors that an individual or a system is capable of performing. This includes both voluntary and involuntary actions, ranging from simple reflexes to complex learned behaviors. The action system is an essential component in understanding and studying human and animal behavior.

Explanation
The statement is false because T.N.R. stands for Tonic Neck Reflex, not Tonic Nose Reflex. The Tonic Neck Reflex is a primitive reflex that occurs in infants, where the head turning to one side causes the arm on that side to extend and the arm on the opposite side to flex. This reflex usually disappears by the age of six months.