Chemistry Diagnostic Exam: Quiz! Trivia

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1. Which statement describes a chemical change?    

Explanation

Three of them are physical changes (either phase change or shape change). A chemical reaction indicates a chemical change.

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Chemistry Diagnostic Exam: Quiz! Trivia - Quiz


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2. What is the IUPAC name for the compound ZnO? 

Explanation

For ionic compounds, the metal is listed according to the atomic name and the nonmetal's ending is changed to end in -ide. OXygen becomes OXide.

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3. What is the number of electrons in a completely filled second shell of an atom? 

Explanation

The maximum number in the second orbital is 8...check out the electron configurations.

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4. Which atom attains a stable valence electron configuration by bonding with another atom? 

Explanation

Process of elimination. Three of these are noble gases. Hydrogen needs one more electron for its full valence.

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5. A mixture of sand and table salt can be separated by filtration because the substances in the mixture differ in 

Explanation

Sand doesn't dissolve in water. Filtration separates solids from liquids that are not soluble.

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6. An ion that consists of 7 protons, 6 neutrons, and 10 electrons has a net charge of 

Explanation

7 protons (+7)
10 electrons (-10)

The difference is -3.

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7. Which quantity is equal to 50 kilojoules?    

Explanation

50 kJ is the same as 50 x 1000 kJ

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8. In the wave-mechanical model of the atom, an orbital is the most probable location of 

Explanation

ORBITAL = ELECTRON...I hope you didn't get this wrong.

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9. Which Lewis electron-dot diagram represents a molecule having a nonpolar covalent bond? 

Explanation

Nonpolar bond means there is no difference in electronegativity. Cl-Cl bonds have no difference, so there is no polarity in the bond.

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10. What is the number of electrons in an atom that has 3 protons and 4 neutrons? 

Explanation

Protons equal electrons.

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11. Which particle has the least mass?

Explanation

Check out Table O for the comparison. The top number is the mass number.

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12. Which element has the lowest electronegativity value? 

Explanation

Electronegativity is how strongly an element wants an electron. Fluorine has the highest and Fr (on the opposite corner of the Periodic Table) has the lowest value. Look in Table S.

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13. In a propanal molecule, an oxygen atom is bonded with a carbon atom.  What is the total number of pairs of electrons shared between these atoms?

Explanation

The -CO bond is a double bond, and four electrons total are shared (two pairs).

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14. When dissolved in water, an Arrhenius base yields

Explanation

Arrhenius bases yield ONLY hydroxide as the negative ions.

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15. Which element is paired with an excited-state electron configuration for an atom of the element? 

Explanation

K is the only one that has an incomplete inner shell.

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16. Given the balanced equation representing a nuclear reaction:  Which phrase identifies and describes this reaction? 

Explanation

FUSION because two elements become one. Some mass is converted to energy.

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17. Which sample of CO2 has a definite shape and a definite volume? 

Explanation

Solids have a definite shape and definite volume...Remember? It was the dry ice lab.

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18. At standard pressure, CH4 boils at 112 K and H2O boils at 373 K. What accounts for the higher boiling point of H2O at standard pressure? 

Explanation

Hydrogen bonding occurs when a polar molecule unevenly shares electrons with hydrogen atoms...the hydrogen atoms tend to have a positive charge and are attracted to the negatively charged atoms in the same molecule.

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19. Some solid KNO3 remains at the bottom of a stoppered flask containing a saturated KNO3(aq) solution at 22°C. Which statement explains why the contents of the flask are at equilibrium? 

Explanation

As some particles dissolve, others come out of solution and crystallize.

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20. The elements in Group 2 are classified as    

Explanation

Metals make up the majority of the elements. All elements to the left of the "staircase" are metals. Metals lose electrons, making POSITIVE ions.

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21. Systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward 

Explanation

Lower energy (heat is the lowest form of energy) and higher entropy...entropy is randomness.

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22. Given the equation and potential energy diagram representing a reaction:  If each interval on the axis labeled "Potential Energy (kJ/mol)" represents 10. kJ/mol, what is the heat of reaction? 

Explanation

Activation energy is the force it takes to "ROLL THE BALL UP THE HILL."

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23. Which statement describes the distribution of charge in an atom? 

Explanation

POSITIVELY charged nucleus (protons are positive and neutrons are neutral) surrounded by NEGATIVELY charged electrons.

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24.

Explanation

The top number is the mass number (protons + neutrons) and the bottom number is the atomic number (protons)

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25. Functional groups are used to classify    

Explanation

organic compounds involve functional groups...If you get confused, look at Table R.

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26. What is the total number of valence electrons in a germanium atom in the ground state? 

Explanation

Look at the electron configuration. The Ge atom has the last number of 4 (valence electron).

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27. Based on Reference Table J, which two reactants react spontaneously? 

Explanation

Magnesium is higher than Zinc. It will oxidize.

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28. The elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing 

Explanation

The Periodic Table is arranged by atomic number, or number of protons. While it may seem that it is also arranged according to atomic mass, it is not the case. The atomic mass skips around a bit in the transition elements (the skinny section where Fe and Cu are located).

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29. As a result of the gold foil experiment, it was concluded that an atom.

Explanation

The gold foil experiment showed us that the atom contains a small, dense nucleus...it also showed us that the atom was mostly empty space.

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30. Given the equation representing a reversible reaction:  According to one acid-base theory, the reactant that donates an H+ ion in the forward reaction is 

Explanation

The water got rid of a proton (H+) and gave it to ammonia (NH3) to form NH4+

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31. Which sample of matter is classified as a substance? 

Explanation

Three of these are mixtures (air is a mixture of gases, milk has water and proteins, and seawater has salt and water).

Ammonia is ONLY NH3.

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32. What occurs in order to break the bond in a Cl2 molecule? 

Explanation

To break something requires force, so the energy is absorbed.

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33. Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas according to the kinetic molecular theory? 

Explanation

Ideal gases have NO ATTRACTION. They have a RANDOM, STRAIGHT-LINE MOTION. They also have GREAT DISTANCES between them.

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34. Given the balanced equations representing two chemical reactions:      Cl2 + 2NaBr → 2NaCl + Br2      2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2 Which types of chemical reactions are represented by these equations? 

Explanation

1st reaction: single replacement (element and compound switch partners)
2nd reaction: decomposition (one breaks down into two)

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35. At 25°C, gas in a rigid cylinder with a movable piston has a volume of 145 mL and a pressure of 125 kPa. Then the gas is compressed to a volume of 80. mL. What is the new pressure of the gas if the temperature is held at 25°C? 

Explanation

P1: 125 kPa
V1: 145 mL
T1: 298 K (25 + 273)

P2: unknown
V2: 80 mL
T2: 298 K

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36. An ionic bond can be formed when one or more electrons are 

Explanation

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons. Electrons are not found in the nucleus.

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37. A 2400.-gram sample of an aqueous solution contains 0.012 gram of NH3. What is the concentration of NH3 in the solution, expressed as parts per million? 

Explanation

grams of solute: 0.012 g NH3
grams of solution: 2400

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38. A solution consists of 0.50 mole of CaCl2 dissolved in 100. grams of H2O at 25°C. Compared to the boiling point and freezing point of 100. grams of H2O at standard pressure, the solution at standard pressure has 

Explanation

The ions interfere with the formation of ice as well affect the boiling point. They lower freezing point and raise the boiling points.

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39. Which formula represents the product of the addition reaction between ethene and chlorine, Cl2? 

Explanation

The CH2ClCH3 (chloroethane) is the result of an organic substitution reaction. When you have an addition reaction, something is ADDED to what you already have.

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40. A sealed, rigid 1.0-liter cylinder contains He gas at STP. An identical sealed cylinder contains Ne gas at STP. These two cylinders contain the same number of 

Explanation

Process of elimination, but any two equally-sized containers have the same number of particles of gas present at the same temperature and pressure.

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41. Which class of compounds contains at least one element from Group 17 of the Periodic Table?

Explanation

Halides include FLUORINE, CHLORINE, and BROMINE.

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42. Which equation represents a change that results in an increase in disorder? 

Explanation

3 of go "down" a phase and only one goes "up" a phase. Gases show the most entropy (disorder).

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43. When a voltaic cell operates, ions move through the 

Explanation

Ions travel through the salt bridge. The electrons travel from the anode to the cathode through the wire.

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44. At which temperature is the vapor pressure of ethanol equal to 80. kPa? 

Explanation

Table H:
On the Y axis, locate 80 kPa and follow it to the right until you reach the graph for ethanol. Look on the X axis to determine the temperature, 73.

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45. Given the balanced ionic equation representing a reaction:  Which half-reaction represents the reduction that occurs? 

Explanation

Copper is lowering in oxidation, so it undergoes REDUCTION.

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46. Which atom in the ground state has an outermost electron with the most energy? 

Explanation

Cs has the most orbitals...the outer orbitals have more energy.

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47. Which list includes elements with the most similar chemical properties? 

Explanation

Oxygen, Sulfur, and Selenium are all in the same group. They have the same number of valence electrons, therefore similar chemical properties.

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48. Which pair represents two forms of an element in the same phase at STP but with different structures and different properties? 

Explanation

Phase means SOLID, LIQUID, or GAS. The oxygen and ozone are two forms of oxygen in the same phase.

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49. Which compound is formed from its elements by an exothermic reaction at 298 K and 101.3 kPa? 

Explanation

There's only one. You are looking into the PRODUCTS in Table I.

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50. When the pH value of a solution is changed from 2 to 1, the concentration of hydronium ions 

Explanation

The pH is decreasing, which means the H+ increases 10 times.

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Which statement describes a chemical change?    
What is the IUPAC name for the compound ZnO? 
What is the number of electrons in a completely filled second shell of...
Which atom attains a stable valence electron configuration by bonding...
A mixture of sand and table salt can be separated by filtration...
An ion that consists of 7 protons, 6 neutrons, and 10 electrons has a...
Which quantity is equal to 50 kilojoules?    
In the wave-mechanical model of the atom, an orbital is the most...
Which Lewis electron-dot diagram represents a molecule having a...
What is the number of electrons in an atom that has 3 protons and 4...
Which particle has the least mass?
Which element has the lowest electronegativity value? 
In a propanal molecule, an oxygen atom is bonded with a carbon atom....
When dissolved in water, an Arrhenius base yields
Which element is paired with an excited-state electron configuration...
Given the balanced equation representing a nuclear reaction: ...
Which sample of CO2 has a definite shape and a definite volume? 
At standard pressure, CH4 boils at 112 K and H2O boils at 373 K. What...
Some solid KNO3 remains at the bottom of a stoppered flask containing...
The elements in Group 2 are classified as    
Systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward 
Given the equation and potential energy diagram representing a...
Which statement describes the distribution of charge in an atom? 
Functional groups are used to classify    
What is the total number of valence electrons in a germanium atom in...
Based on Reference Table J, which two reactants react...
The elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in order of...
As a result of the gold foil experiment, it was concluded that an...
Given the equation representing a reversible reaction: ...
Which sample of matter is classified as a substance? 
What occurs in order to break the bond in a Cl2 molecule? 
Which statement describes the particles of an ideal gas according to...
Given the balanced equations representing two chemical reactions:...
At 25°C, gas in a rigid cylinder with a movable piston has a...
An ionic bond can be formed when one or more electrons are 
A 2400.-gram sample of an aqueous solution contains 0.012 gram of NH3....
A solution consists of 0.50 mole of CaCl2 dissolved in 100. grams of...
Which formula represents the product of the addition reaction between...
A sealed, rigid 1.0-liter cylinder contains He gas at STP. An...
Which class of compounds contains at least one element from Group...
Which equation represents a change that results in an increase in...
When a voltaic cell operates, ions move through the 
At which temperature is the vapor pressure of ethanol equal to 80....
Given the balanced ionic equation representing a reaction: ...
Which atom in the ground state has an outermost electron with the most...
Which list includes elements with the most similar chemical...
Which pair represents two forms of an element in the same phase at STP...
Which compound is formed from its elements by an exothermic reaction...
When the pH value of a solution is changed from 2 to 1, the...
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