Chapter 8 Vocabulary - Political Geography

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    Forces that tend to unify a country--such as widespread commitment to a national culture, shared ideological objectives, and a common faith.

    • Centripetal
    • Centrifugal
    • Unitary
    • Periphery
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Choose the best answer for each of the following questions.

Chapter 8 Vocabulary - Political Geography - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Forces that tend to separate a country--such as internal religious, linguistic, ethnic, or ideological differences.

    • Centripetal

    • Centrifugal

    • Federal

    • Devolution

    Correct Answer
    A. Centrifugal
    Explanation
    The term "centrifugal" refers to forces that tend to separate a country, such as internal religious, linguistic, ethnic, or ideological differences. These forces pull people or groups away from the center, leading to division and potential disintegration of a country.

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  • 3. 

    The process through which something is given monetary value. Commodification occurs when a good or idea that previously was not regarded as an object to be bought and sold is turned into something that has a particular price and that can be traded in a market economy

    • Core

    • Periphery

    • Commodification

    • Territoriality

    Correct Answer
    A. Commodification
    Explanation
    Commodification refers to the process of assigning a monetary value to something that was not previously considered as a commodity. This means that goods or ideas that were not seen as objects to be bought and sold are transformed into items that have a specific price and can be traded in a market economy. In other words, commodification involves turning non-commercial entities into marketable products or services.

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  • 4. 

    Political boundary defined and delimited (and occasionally demarcated) by a prominent physical feature in the natural landscape--such as a river or the crest ridges of a mountain range.

    • Critical geopolitics

    • Boundary

    • Physical-political boundary

    • Unilateralism

    Correct Answer
    A. Physical-political boundary
    Explanation
    A physical-political boundary is a political boundary that is defined and delimited by a prominent physical feature in the natural landscape, such as a river or the crest ridges of a mountain range. This means that the boundary is not only determined by political factors, but also by the physical geography of the area. This type of boundary can have significant implications for the relationship between the two sides, as it can create natural barriers and obstacles that can affect trade, communication, and movement of people.

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  • 5. 

    The right of a state to defend sovereign territory against incursion from other states.

    • Multistate nation

    • Territorial integrity

    • Nation

    • Mercantilism

    Correct Answer
    A. Territorial integrity
    Explanation
    Territorial integrity refers to the right of a state to protect its sovereign territory from any external encroachment or invasion by other states. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining the physical boundaries and borders of a nation-state. This concept ensures that a state has the authority to defend and safeguard its territory against any form of aggression or incursion, thereby preserving its sovereignty and independence. Territorial integrity is a fundamental principle of international law and is crucial for maintaining peace and stability among nations.

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  • 6. 

    Physical process whereby the colonizer takes over another place, putting its own government in charge and either moving its own people into the place or bringing in indentured outsiders to gain control of the people and the land.

    • Colonialism

    • Multistate nation

    • Territoriality

    • Stateless nation

    Correct Answer
    A. Colonialism
    Explanation
    Colonialism refers to the process in which a colonizer acquires control over another territory, establishes its own government, and may either relocate its own people or bring in indentured outsiders to dominate the land and its inhabitants. This explanation captures the essence of colonialism, highlighting the key elements of political control, population movement, and the acquisition of land.

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  • 7. 

    Places where core and periphery processes are both occurring; places that are exploited by the core but in turn exploit the periphery.

    • Semi-periphery

    • Periphery

    • Core

    • State

    Correct Answer
    A. Semi-periphery
    Explanation
    The term "semi-periphery" refers to places where both core and periphery processes are occurring. These places are exploited by the core, which refers to the dominant and developed regions, but they also exploit the periphery, which refers to the less developed and dependent regions. In other words, the semi-periphery acts as a middle ground between the core and periphery, benefiting from the core's exploitation while also engaging in exploitative practices towards the periphery.

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  • 8. 

    A politically organized territory that is administered by a sovereign government and is recognized by a significant portion of the international community. A state has a defined territory, a permanent population, a government, and is recognized by other states.

    • County

    • City

    • State

    • Region

    Correct Answer
    A. State
    Explanation
    A state is a politically organized territory that is administered by a sovereign government and is recognized by a significant portion of the international community. It has a defined territory, which distinguishes it from a county or a city that may be smaller in size. It also has a permanent population and a government that governs and makes decisions for the people living within its borders. Additionally, a state is recognized by other states, indicating its status as a sovereign entity. Therefore, the correct answer is state.

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  • 9. 

    The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government.

    • Devolution

    • Gerrymandering

    • Reapportionment

    • Territorial representation

    Correct Answer
    A. Devolution
    Explanation
    Devolution refers to the process in which regions within a state seek and achieve increased political power and autonomy, often at the cost of the central government. This can involve the transfer of certain powers and responsibilities from the central government to regional or local governments. Devolution allows regions to have more control over their own affairs, such as making decisions on policies and laws that are specific to their region. It is a way to address regional disparities and ensure that different regions within a state have a voice and influence in governance.

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  • 10. 

    Theoretically, a recognized member of the modern state system possessing formal sovereignty and occupied by a people who see themselves as a single, united nation. Most nations and states aspire to this form, but it is realized almost nowhere. Nonetheless, in common parlance, nation-state is used as a synonym for country or state.

    • Nation

    • Nation-state

    • State

    • Multinational state

    Correct Answer
    A. Nation-state
    Explanation
    A nation-state refers to a recognized member of the modern state system that possesses formal sovereignty and is occupied by a people who identify themselves as a single, united nation. Although most nations and states aspire to this form, it is rarely realized in practice. In common language, the term nation-state is often used interchangeably with country or state.

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  • 11. 

    A nation-state that has a centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state.

    • Centrifugal

    • Devolution

    • Ability

    • Unitary

    Correct Answer
    A. Unitary
    Explanation
    A unitary state is a nation-state that has a centralized government and administration, which means that power is exercised equally over all parts of the state. In a unitary system, the central government has the authority to make decisions and govern the entire country, and it may delegate certain powers to local governments but can also revoke them if necessary. This type of government structure promotes uniformity and consistency in policies and laws throughout the state, as power is not divided among different regions or levels of government.

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  • 12. 

     economic model wherein people, corporations, and states produce goods and exchange them on the world market, with the goal of achieving profit.

    • Socialism

    • Capitalism

    • Communism

    • Dictatorship

    Correct Answer
    A. Capitalism
    Explanation
    Capitalism is an economic model where individuals, businesses, and governments produce and exchange goods and services with the aim of making a profit. In a capitalist system, the means of production are privately owned, and decisions regarding production, distribution, and pricing are determined by market forces rather than the government. This system encourages competition and innovation, as individuals and companies strive to maximize their profits. Capitalism is characterized by free markets, private property rights, and limited government intervention in the economy.

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  • 13. 

    Redistricting for advantage, or the practice of dividing areas into electoral districts to give one political party an electoral majority in a large number of districts while concentrating the voting strength of the opposition in as few districts as possible

    • Boundary

    • Majority-minority districts

    • Physical-political boundary

    • Gerrymandering

    Correct Answer
    A. Gerrymandering
    Explanation
    Gerrymandering refers to the practice of manipulating the boundaries of electoral districts in order to give one political party an advantage over the opposition. This is achieved by concentrating the voting strength of the opposition in as few districts as possible, while ensuring that the party in power has an electoral majority in a larger number of districts. This tactic allows the party in power to secure more seats and maintain control, even if they may not have the majority support of the overall population.

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  • 14. 

    Processes that incorporate lower levels of education, lower salaries, and less technology; and generate less wealth than core processes in the world-economy.

    • Core

    • Periphery

    • Semi-periphery

    • Commodification

    Correct Answer
    A. Periphery
    Explanation
    The term "periphery" refers to processes that incorporate lower levels of education, lower salaries, and less technology, resulting in the generation of less wealth compared to core processes in the world-economy. This suggests that the periphery is characterized by less developed and less advanced economic activities, often found in less industrialized or developing regions.

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  • 15. 

    Processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology; generate more wealth than periphery processes in the world-economy.

    • Centripetal

    • Semi-periphery

    • Periphery

    • Core

    Correct Answer
    A. Core
    Explanation
    The core refers to the most developed and economically advanced regions in the world-economy. These regions have higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more advanced technology, which allows them to generate more wealth compared to the periphery regions. This suggests that processes in the core are more centripetal, meaning they attract more resources and have a greater influence on the global economy.

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  • 16. 

    Process by which representative districts are switched according to population shifts, so that each district encompasses approximately the same number of people.

    • Reapportionment

    • Gerrymandering

    • Devolution

    • Geometric boundary

    Correct Answer
    A. Reapportionment
    Explanation
    Reapportionment is the process of redistributing representative districts based on changes in population. This ensures that each district has a roughly equal number of people. It is necessary to maintain fair representation and prevent any district from becoming too overpopulated or underpopulated. Reapportionment is a regular occurrence that takes place after each census, allowing for shifts in population to be reflected in the boundaries of electoral districts.

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  • 17. 

    In political geography, a country's or more local community's sense of property and attachment towards its territory, as expressed by its determination to keep it inviolable and strongly defended.

    • Territoriality

    • Mercantilism

    • Sovereignty

    • Territorial integrity

    Correct Answer
    A. Territoriality
    Explanation
    Territoriality refers to the sense of property and attachment that a country or community has towards its territory. It is expressed through their determination to keep it inviolable and strongly defended. This concept is important in political geography as it helps to understand how countries and communities assert their control over their land and resources. It is a key factor in shaping relationships between nations and can influence issues such as border disputes and territorial conflicts.

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  • 18. 

    World order in which one state is in a position of dominance with allies following rather than joining the political decision-making process.

    • Boundary

    • Unilateralism

    • Critical geopolitics

    • Heartland theory

    Correct Answer
    A. Unilateralism
    Explanation
    Unilateralism refers to a world order where one state holds a dominant position and makes political decisions without actively involving its allies. This approach disregards the input and participation of other nations in the decision-making process. Unilateralism can be seen as a form of dominance and control, where the leading state acts independently and imposes its own agenda on others. This approach can result in strained relationships with allies and potential conflicts, as it neglects the importance of collaboration and consensus-building in international relations.

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  • 19. 

    System wherein each representative is elected from a territorially defined district

    • gerrymandering

    • Territorial representation

    • Splitting

    • Majority-minority districts

    Correct Answer
    A. Territorial representation
    Explanation
    Territorial representation refers to a system where representatives are elected from specific districts. This means that each district has its own representative who is elected by the residents of that particular area. This system ensures that every region has its voice heard and represented in the government. It helps to prevent the concentration of power in a few areas and promotes a more balanced and fair representation of the population.

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  • 20. 

    A principle of international relations that holds that final authority over social, economic, and political matters should rest with the legitimate rulers of independent states.

    • Territoriality

    • State

    • Peace of westphalia

    • Sovereignty

    Correct Answer
    A. Sovereignty
    Explanation
    Sovereignty refers to the principle that ultimate power and authority over social, economic, and political matters should reside with the legitimate rulers of independent states. It emphasizes the idea that each state has the right to govern its own affairs without interference from external actors. This principle emerged from the Peace of Westphalia, a series of treaties in 1648 that ended the Thirty Years' War and established the modern system of nation-states. Territoriality and state are related concepts, but they do not capture the full meaning of sovereignty.

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  • Apr 23, 2024
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  • Dec 02, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Dmahaley
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