Chapter 8 Human Geography

1.

_______ Politically organized area in which the nation and state occupy the same space.

Explanation
A nation-state refers to a politically organized area where the nation and state occupy the same space. This means that the boundaries of the state align with the boundaries of the nation, and the people within that area share a common cultural, linguistic, or historical background. The term "nation-state" emphasizes the idea of a nation (a group of people with shared characteristics) governing themselves within a defined territory (the state). Therefore, a nation-state is a specific type of state that is closely tied to a particular nation.

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2.

_______ Movement of power from the central government to regional governments in the state.

Explanation
Devolution refers to the transfer of power and authority from a central government to regional or local governments within a state. It involves delegating certain responsibilities, decision-making powers, and financial resources to the regional governments, allowing them to have more autonomy in governing their respective areas. This can help in promoting local governance, addressing regional disparities, and ensuring better representation and participation of local communities in decision-making processes. Devolution is often seen as a way to decentralize power and promote more effective and efficient governance at the regional level.

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3.

_______ When to world power to dominate the world politics.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Bi-polar world order". In international relations, a bi-polar world order refers to a situation where power is primarily concentrated between two dominant powers or blocs. This term is often used to describe the power dynamics during the Cold War, when the United States and the Soviet Union were the two superpowers dominating global politics. "Bi-polar" and "bi polar" are alternative spellings of the same term.

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4.

_______ One of the requirements to be a state it means having control over territory; legally, politically, and militarily.

Explanation
Sovereignty refers to the authority of a state to govern itself and have control over its territory. This includes having legal, political, and military control over the land and people within its borders. Therefore, sovereignty aligns with the requirement mentioned in the question, making it the correct answer.

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5.

_______ A separate entity composed of three or more states at forge an association and form an administrative structure for mutual benefits in pursuit of shared goals.

Explanation
A supranational organization is a separate entity composed of three or more states that come together to form an administrative structure for mutual benefits in pursuit of shared goals. This organization goes beyond the authority of individual states and has the power to make decisions that are binding on its member states. It represents a higher level of integration and cooperation among states, where they pool their sovereignty and work towards common objectives.

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6.

Which term best describes Yugoslavia?

A.

Multi-state nation
B.

Nation-state
C.

Multi-nation State
D.

Stateless nation

Correct Answer
C. Multi-nation State

Explanation
Yugoslavia can be described as a multi-nation state because it was a country composed of multiple nations or ethnic groups. It consisted of six republics, each with its own distinct ethnic group, including Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Bosniaks, Montenegrins, and Macedonians. Despite being a single state, Yugoslavia recognized and accommodated the different national identities within its borders. This is in contrast to a nation-state, which is a country where the majority of the population shares a common national identity.

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7.

Which is an example of a stateless nation?

A.

Korea
B.

Kurds
C.

Hungary
D.

Switzerland

Correct Answer
B. Kurds

Explanation
The Kurds are an example of a stateless nation because they are an ethnic group spread across multiple countries, primarily in the Middle East, but do not have their own independent nation-state. Despite their shared language, culture, and history, the Kurds have faced challenges in achieving political autonomy and have been historically marginalized in the countries they inhabit. This lack of a recognized sovereign state distinguishes them as a stateless nation.

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8.

How did the European idea of the state diffuse to the rest of the world?

A.

Colonialism
B.

Economic development
C.

European union
D.

United Nations

Correct Answer
A. Colonialism

Explanation
Colonialism is the correct answer because it was through the process of colonization that European powers spread their idea of the state to other parts of the world. Through colonization, European countries established control over territories in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, imposing their own political systems and institutions. This led to the diffusion of the European idea of the state, including concepts such as centralized government, bureaucracy, and territorial sovereignty, to the rest of the world.

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9.

What is the most expensive task the United Nations is asked to do?

A.

Monitor elections
B.

Shelter refugees
C.

Set maritime boundaries
D.

Peacekeeping

Correct Answer
D. Peacekeeping

Explanation
Peacekeeping is the most expensive task the United Nations is asked to do. Peacekeeping operations involve deploying troops, police, and other personnel to conflict zones to maintain peace and security. These operations require significant financial resources to cover costs such as troop salaries, equipment, logistics, and infrastructure. Additionally, peacekeeping missions often last for extended periods, further adding to the overall expenses. Therefore, peacekeeping is a costly endeavor for the United Nations.

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10.

The Rio Grande River is a geometric boundary separating the United Nations from Mexico.

A.

True
B.

False

Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The statement is false because the Rio Grande River does not serve as a geometric boundary separating the United Nations (UN) from Mexico. The UN is an international organization composed of member states, while the Rio Grande River is a natural border between the United States and Mexico. Therefore, the statement is incorrect.

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11.

The league of Nations was the predecessor to the United Nations.

A.

True
B.

False

Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The League of Nations was indeed the predecessor to the United Nations. The League of Nations was established after World War I in 1920 and aimed to promote peace and prevent future conflicts. However, it faced various challenges and ultimately failed to prevent World War II. In response, the United Nations was created in 1945 with the goal of maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, and fostering cooperation among nations. Therefore, it is accurate to say that the League of Nations served as the precursor to the United Nations.

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12.

Nation-states I easily formed into clearly defined.

A.

True
B.

False

Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Nation-states are not easily formed into clearly defined entities. The process of forming a nation-state involves various complex factors such as historical, cultural, political, and social elements. It often requires significant efforts and struggles to establish a unified and cohesive nation-state. Therefore, the statement provided in the question is false.

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13.

The modern-state idea became and began in Europe.

A.

True
B.

False

Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The statement "The modern-state idea became and began in Europe" is true. The concept of the modern state, characterized by a centralized government with defined borders and sovereignty, emerged in Europe during the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods. European thinkers and political philosophers, such as Niccolò Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes, played a significant role in shaping this idea. The development of the modern state in Europe had a profound impact on global politics and governance systems.

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14.

Unilateralism has damaged the United States reputation in some parts of the world.

A.

True
B.

False

Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Unilateralism refers to the practice of a country making decisions and taking actions without the consultation or cooperation of other nations. The statement suggests that this approach has had a negative impact on the reputation of the United States in certain regions. This could be because unilateral actions may be seen as disregarding the opinions and interests of other countries, leading to strained diplomatic relations and a perception of arrogance or disregard for international norms.

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