Chapter 8 Online Study Guide
Chapter 8 study guide. You should work on this by yourself, do not give or receive answers!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
From the fist page. A study in Samoa found that _______% of the seeds landing on the ground during the dry season were deposited by flying goxes. Pollinators are often times keystone species!!!!!! If they dissapear then the entire ecosystem suffers.
- A.
20-40%
- B.
40-60%
- C.
60-80%
- D.
80-100%
Correct Answer
D. 80-100%Explanation
The study conducted in Samoa found that a high percentage of the seeds landing on the ground during the dry season were deposited by flying goxes. This indicates that a significant majority, between 80% and 100%, of the seeds were carried and dispersed by these flying goxes. The mention of pollinators being keystone species further emphasizes the importance of their role in the ecosystem, as their disappearance would have detrimental effects on the entire ecosystem.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The edge effect is important in the physical appearnce and population distribution of an ecosystem. For Example, the edge area between a forest and an open field may (1) b eunnier, warmer, and drier than the forest interior and (2) have a different combination of species than the forest and field interiors. Popular wild game animals, such as _______ and white-tailed deer, often are moer plentiful in edges and ecotones between forests and fields.
- A.
Feral hogs
- B.
Wolves
- C.
Pheasants
- D.
Red-winged nuthatches
Correct Answer
C. PheasantsExplanation
The edge effect refers to the changes in physical characteristics and species distribution that occur in the transition zone between two distinct habitats. In this case, the edge area between a forest and an open field is likely to be sunnier, warmer, and drier compared to the forest interior. This change in environmental conditions can attract different species, including pheasants. Pheasants are popular wild game animals that are often more plentiful in edge areas and ecotones between forests and fields.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Looking at species diversity. Research shows that in marine communities species diversity increases from the suface to a depth of 2,000 meters (6,600 feet) and then begins to decline with depth. Look at figure 8.4 In graph A which animal are they looking at?
- A.
Snails
- B.
Frogs
- C.
Clown fish
- D.
Tube worms
Correct Answer
A. SnailsExplanation
The correct answer is snails. The question mentions that species diversity increases from the surface to a depth of 2,000 meters and then starts to decline. By looking at Figure 8.4, it can be inferred that the animal being observed is snails, as they are the ones that show this pattern of increasing and then decreasing diversity with depth.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Briefly describe the theory of Island biogeography. Be sure to include size, distance, extinction and immigration rates.
- 5.
Read the section on introduced species. Killer bees were introduced to which Country in the Americas?
- A.
Mexico
- B.
Guatemala
- C.
Brazil
- D.
Ecuador
Correct Answer
C. BrazilExplanation
Killer bees were introduced to Brazil in the Americas.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Read the connections on page 179. Answer the critical thinking (should be several complete sentences)
- 7.
Which of the following species interactions is between the same species?
- A.
Intraspecific competition
- B.
Interspecific competition
Correct Answer
A. Intraspecific competitionExplanation
Intraspecific competition refers to the competition for resources among individuals of the same species. This interaction occurs when individuals within a population compete for limited resources such as food, water, or territory. It can lead to a decrease in population size or changes in behavior and morphology to reduce competition. In contrast, interspecific competition involves competition between individuals of different species for the same resources.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Read about resource partitioning. In figure 8-11 warblers demonstrate resource partitioning. When was this paper on resource partitioning published?
- A.
1958
- B.
1972
- C.
1932
- D.
1999
Correct Answer
A. 1958Explanation
The paper on resource partitioning was published in 1958.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What organisms are found in the guts of termites and digest the wood that the termites eat?
- A.
Bacteria
- B.
Protozoans
- C.
Fungi
- D.
Yeast
Correct Answer
B. ProtozoansExplanation
Protozoans are organisms that are found in the guts of termites and are responsible for digesting the wood that the termites eat. These single-celled organisms have specialized enzymes that break down the cellulose present in wood, allowing the termites to extract nutrients from it. Protozoans form a symbiotic relationship with termites, benefiting from the food source provided by the wood while helping the termites to digest it. Bacteria, fungi, and yeast may also be present in the termite guts, but protozoans are specifically known for their role in wood digestion.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following plant species would be an example of a pioneer species?
- A.
Tree
- B.
Annuals
- C.
Lichen
- D.
Perennials
Correct Answer
C. LichenExplanation
Lichen would be an example of a pioneer species. Pioneer species are the first organisms to colonize a barren or disturbed area. Lichens are unique organisms that consist of a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae. They are able to survive in harsh environments with minimal nutrients and can grow on rocks, soil, and tree bark. Lichens play a crucial role in the process of primary succession by breaking down rocks and creating soil, which allows other plants to establish and grow in the area. Therefore, lichen is a suitable example of a pioneer species.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which type of succession would be exemplified by an abandoned Wal Mart parking lot?
- A.
Primary Succession
- B.
Secondary Succession
- C.
Tertiary Succession
- D.
Quaternary Succession
Correct Answer
A. Primary SuccessionExplanation
The correct answer is primary succession. Primary succession occurs in an area that has never been colonized before, such as a newly formed land or a barren land. In the case of an abandoned Wal Mart parking lot, it can be considered as a barren land as there is no existing soil or vegetation. Over time, pioneer species like weeds and grasses will colonize the area, gradually building up soil and creating conditions for other plant species to establish. This process is an example of primary succession.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What type of succession would follow a fire (Texas has had a historic year for fires and this type of succession is occuring throughout the state)
- A.
Primary Succession
- B.
Secondary Succession
- C.
Tertiary Succession
- D.
Quaternary Succession
Correct Answer
B. Secondary SuccessionExplanation
Secondary succession would follow a fire in Texas. Secondary succession occurs when an existing ecosystem is disturbed or destroyed, but the soil is still intact. In the case of a fire, the fire may burn away vegetation and destroy some organisms, but the soil remains. After the fire, new plant and animal species can colonize the area, gradually restoring the ecosystem. This type of succession is occurring throughout the state of Texas due to the historic year for fires.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which type of mimicry would be a milk snakes (harmless) that resembles the venomous coral snake?
- A.
Batesian
- B.
Mullerian
- C.
Aposematic
- D.
Allelopathy
Correct Answer
A. BatesianExplanation
Batesian mimicry is a type of mimicry where a harmless species imitates the appearance of a harmful or venomous species to protect itself from predators. In this case, the milk snake resembles the venomous coral snake, which helps it avoid being attacked by predators who mistake it for a dangerous snake. This type of mimicry is advantageous for the milk snake as it allows it to gain protection without having to possess any harmful traits.Rate this question:
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