Chapter 7 - Airway

The jaw-thrust maneuver is for patients who have cervical spine injuries.

• True

• False

The primary function of the airway adjuct is to prevent obstruction of the upper airway by the tongue and allow the passage of air and oxygen to the lungs.

• True

• False

If you hear gurgling that means the patient is okay and able to spit up any fluids, so no suctioning is required.

• True

• False

Maintaing the airway means what?

• Keeping airway open

• Keeping airway clear

• Keeping free of obstructions

• All of the above

Gastric distention can cause vomiting and increase risk of aspiration during CPR.

• True

• False

Gastric distention can significantly reduce lung volume by elevating the diaphragm especially in children and infants.

• True

• False

Clearing the airways means what?

• Removing obstructing materials

• Inserting an oral adjunct

• Placing patient in recovery position

• Applying a BVM device

The head tilt chin lift is for patients who have sustained trama.

• True

• False

If a tracheostomy tube is present in a stoma patient then ventilate throught the tube with a BVM device.

• True

• False

What are signs for inadequate breathing in adult patients

• Irregular rhythm

• Bilateral clear and equal lung sounds

• Shallow depth

• Unequal chest expansion

• Adequate depth

• Skin is pale, cyanotic, cool, and moist

• Rates inbetween 12 to 20 breaths/min

• Use of accessory muscles

Patients with inadequate breathing have inadequate minute volume and need to be treated immediately.

• True

• False

Alveoli are large sacs where no actual exchange of oxygen or carbon dioxide occurs.

• True

• False

The higher the level of carbon dioxide in the blood the stronger the impulse is to breath.

• True

• False

Signs for adequate breathing for adult patients

• Regular pattern of inhaling and exhaling

• Normal rate

• Irregular rhythm

• Regular and equal chest rise and fall

• Use of accessory muscles

• Bilateral clear and equal lung sounds

Humidified oxygen is usually used for all oxygen therapies.

• True

• False

Sellick maneuver or Cricoid pressure should only be preformed on unconscious patients.

• True

• False

Exhalation does not normally require muscular effort and is a passive process.

• True

• False

In unconscious patients what is the most common airway obstruction?

The air you exhale in mouth-to-mouth contains only ___% oxygen

• 23

• 16

• 12

• 45

• 25

You shouldn't use an oral or nasal airway adjuct in conjunction with a BVM device.

• True

• False

Flow-restricted oxygen powered devices should be used on infants, children, and on patients with COPD but not on patients with suspected cervical spine or chest injuries.

• True

• False

Which manuever is required for ventilating a patient with a stoma?

• Head-tilt chin lift

• Recovery position

• Jaw-thrust maneuver

• None of these

The Heimlich maneuver is preformed on ______ adult or children patients.

• Conscious

• Unconscious

• Dead

• Cardiac arrest

Poor lung compliance is the inability of the alveoli to expand fully during  inhalation.

• True

• False

Suctioning removes not only obstuctions but what other major thing that the patient needs?

Removal of oxygen can result in a contition called Monoxia.

• True

• False

Anything that destroys Surfactant will cause acute

• Cardiac arrest

• Respiratory distress

• Shallow breathing

• Death

BVM device provides less tidal volume than mouth-to-mouth ventilation, but it delivers a much higher oxygen concentration.

• True

• False

Indications that artifical ventilations are inadequate are

• Ventilation delivered too fast or to slow

• Equal chest rise and fall

• Heart rate does not return to normal range

• Adequate breath sounds

• Minimal or no chest rise and fall

Hypoxia develops in the vital organs of patients who are not breathing or

• Breathing adequately

• Not talking

• Not breathing adequately

• Unconscious

Do not preform blind ________ in any patient - this may force an obstructing object farther down into the airway.

The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle beacause its attached to the bones and muscles.

• True

• False

Injuries to the _____ can result in severe tissue swelling and bleeding into the airway.

Carbon dioxide and cell waste pass from tissue cells through capillares and into the arteries.

• True

• False

The air we breath contains __ % oxygen and __ % nitrogen?

What is the average tidal volume for a man?

• 300 mL

• 250 mL

• 500 mL

• 600 mL

When inserting a nasopharyngeal airway the curvature of the device should follow the of the ____ of the nose, and the bevel should face the _____.

• Floor, septum

• Curve, mouth

• Septum, floor

• Throat, brain

Air outside the body is normally lower then the air pressure within the thorax.

• True

• False

Never suction the mouth or nose for longer than ____ seconds for adults ____ seconds for children ____ seconds for infants

To prevent gastric distention you should give ____ and _____ breaths over 1 second when ventilating adults, children, and infants.

• Slow, forceful

• Strong, forceful

• Strong, gental

• Slow, gental

• Shallow, uneven

Fixed suctioning unit should generate a vaccum of more than ______ when the tubing is clamped.

• 250 cm Hg

• 500 mm Hg

• 400 cm Hg

• 300 mm Hg

• 550 cm Hg

If a patient has a stoma and no tube in place then use a _____ with your BVM device to make a seal over the stoma.

• Adult mask

• Child/infant mask

• A mask that fits the patient

• Connect the BVM to the stoma and ventilate

When to agonal respirations occur?

• Right before the death of the patient.

• When the respiratory center in brain continues to send signals to respiratory muscles even after the heart has stopped.

• Once something becomes logged inside the epiglottis and the patient is unable to move air in or out.

• After the Sellicks maneuver has been preformed and on a conscious patient.

Indications for the oropharyngeal airway include

• With gag reflux

• Unconscious patients

• Without gag reflux

• Conscious patients

• Any apneic patient being ventilated with BMV

• Any apneic patient being ventilated with nasal cannula

Oxygen passes from blood in the veins through the capillaries to tissue cells.

• True

• False

To alleviate gastric distention

• Ensure patients airway is appropriately positioned

• Ensure patient is in the recovery position

• Place hands below the stomach and force air up and out

• Ventilate patient at appropriate rate

• Ventilate patient with appropriate volume

The air we exhale contains 16% ____ and 3% to 5% ________, the rest is all ______.

BVM device is used on patients who are

• Not ventilating adequately

• In respiratory arrest

• In cardiopulmonary arrest

• In respiratory failure