Chapter 14 American History

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    What was a construction company used for manipulation?

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About This Quiz

This quiz in Chapter 14 American History explores key innovations of the Industrial Revolution, focusing on the Bessemer Process, steel uses, and early applications of electricity. It assesses understanding of transformative technologies and their impact on American industrial growth.

Chapter 14 American History - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    What act allowed the federal government to supervise railroad activity?

    Explanation
    The Interstate Commerce Act was a law that granted the federal government the authority to regulate and oversee railroad activity. It was passed in 1887 in response to public concerns about unfair business practices and discrimination by railroads. The act established the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC), which was the first regulatory agency in the United States. The ICC's main role was to ensure fair rates, prohibit discriminatory practices, and prevent monopolies in the railroad industry. By giving the federal government the power to supervise railroad activity, the Interstate Commerce Act aimed to promote fair competition and protect the interests of both consumers and businesses.

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  • 3. 

    Who owned the largest steel company until 1901?

    Explanation
    Andrew Carnegie owned the largest steel company until 1901. He was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist who founded the Carnegie Steel Company, which eventually became the largest and most profitable steel company in the world. Carnegie played a significant role in the expansion of the American steel industry and his company dominated the market during this time period. His success and wealth made him one of the richest individuals in history.

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  • 4. 

    Who owned the Standard Oil Company (richest man net-worth wise of all time)?

    Explanation
    John D. Rockefeller owned the Standard Oil Company and is considered the richest man of all time in terms of net worth. He built his fortune through the oil industry, establishing a monopoly in the late 19th century. Rockefeller's business practices, including vertical integration and ruthless competition, allowed him to dominate the oil market and accumulate immense wealth. His success and wealth made him a prominent figure in American business history.

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  • 5. 

    Who led a children's march for child working conditions and lived to 100yrs old?

    Explanation
    Mother Jones, also known as Mary Harris Jones, led a children's march for child working conditions and lived to 100 years old. She was a prominent labor and community organizer who fought for the rights of workers, particularly children, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Jones was known for her activism and dedication to improving working conditions, and her long life is a testament to her resilience and commitment to social justice.

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  • 6. 

    What is the theory (used in business) called for biological evolution?

    Explanation
    Social Darwinism is the theory used in business that applies the principles of biological evolution to explain competition and survival of the fittest in a social context. It suggests that societies and businesses evolve through competition, with the strongest and most successful individuals or organizations surviving and prospering, while the weaker ones are left behind. This theory justifies the idea of laissez-faire capitalism and supports the notion that success and wealth are a result of natural selection and individual merit.

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  • 7. 

    What was the Bessemer Process?

    • Turned iron to steel

    • Turned oil to kerosene

    • Turned oil to gasoline

    • Turned oil to kerosene + gasoline

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Turned iron to steel
    Explanation
    The Bessemer Process was a method used to convert iron into steel. It involved blowing air through molten iron to remove impurities and increase the carbon content, resulting in a stronger and more durable material. This process revolutionized the steel industry and played a crucial role in the industrialization of many countries.

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  • 8. 

    Who led an industrial experiment with a controlled town (environment)?

    Correct Answer
    George M. Pullman
    Explanation
    George M. Pullman led an industrial experiment with a controlled town or environment.

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  • 9. 

    What did the railroad companies abuse?

    • Misused land grants

    • Wouldn't allow service to blacks

    • They didn't abuse anything

    • Were corrupt from the Italian mobs at the time

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Misused land grants
    Explanation
    The railroad companies abused their land grants. This means that they did not use the land granted to them by the government for its intended purpose, such as building railroads. Instead, they may have used the land for personal gain or neglected to fulfill their obligations. This abuse of land grants was a common issue during the time of railroad expansion in the United States.

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  • 10. 

    What act was created to prevent monopolies in substantial businesses?

    Correct Answer
    Sherman Anti-Trust Act
    Explanation
    The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was created to prevent monopolies in substantial businesses. It was enacted in 1890 and aimed to promote fair competition and protect consumers from unfair business practices. The act prohibits any contract, combination, or conspiracy that restrains trade or commerce among states or with foreign nations. It was a significant step in regulating and controlling the power of large corporations, ensuring a more level playing field for businesses and preventing the concentration of economic power in the hands of a few.

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  • 11. 

    What were the main uses for steel?

    • Railroad track (1000's of miles)

    • Barbed wire

    • Farm machines

    • Bridges + skyscrapers

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    Steel was used for a variety of purposes including railroad tracks, barbed wire, farm machines, bridges, and skyscrapers. Its strength and durability made it an ideal material for constructing long stretches of railroad tracks, fencing with barbed wire, and machinery used in agriculture. Additionally, steel's structural integrity allowed for the construction of large and sturdy bridges and skyscrapers. Therefore, all of the options mentioned were main uses for steel.

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  • 12. 

    What was electricity first used for?

    • Anything from fans to printing-presses; time saving appliances

    • Electromagnetic research

    • Powering giant power grids

    • Anything electronic from computers to microwaves

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Anything from fans to printing-presses; time saving appliances
    Explanation
    Electricity was first used for powering anything from fans to printing-presses and time-saving appliances. This answer suggests that electricity was initially utilized for various purposes, including providing power to mechanical devices such as fans and printing presses, as well as enabling the use of time-saving appliances.

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  • 13. 

    How did we extract Black Gold most efficiently?

    • With a steam-powered engine

    • We dug for it

    • Used large manual drills

    • Steam engine drill

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Steam engine drill
    Explanation
    The most efficient way to extract Black Gold was by using a steam engine drill. This technology allowed for faster and more effective drilling, resulting in increased productivity and extraction rates. The steam engine provided the necessary power to operate the drill, making the process more efficient compared to using large manual drills or simply digging for it.

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  • 14. 

    How did the Bessemer Process work?

    • Turned crude oil to usable oil through constant heating and cooling

    • Injected air into molten iron to get rid of impurities

    • Divided all oil types out through distillation in large tubes

    • Iron was mixed with tin to create steel at high temperatures

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Injected air into molten iron to get rid of impurities
    Explanation
    The Bessemer Process involved injecting air into molten iron to remove impurities. This process, developed by Sir Henry Bessemer in the 19th century, allowed for the mass production of high-quality steel. By blowing air through the molten iron, the impurities such as carbon, silicon, and manganese were oxidized and removed as slag. The result was a purer form of iron that could be further processed into steel. This innovation revolutionized the steel industry and played a crucial role in the Industrial Revolution.

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  • 15. 

    What time period was the Age of Railroads?

    • 1870 - 1910

    • 1880 - 1900

    • 1900 - 1920

    • 1860 - 1880

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. 1880 - 1900
    Explanation
    The Age of Railroads refers to the period when railroads played a significant role in transportation and economic development. The given answer, 1880 - 1900, falls within this time frame and is therefore correct. During this period, railroads expanded rapidly, connecting different regions, facilitating trade and migration, and contributing to industrialization. The completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad in 1869 marked the beginning of this era, and by the early 20th century, railroads had become a dominant mode of transportation in many parts of the world.

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  • 16. 

    What two main findings helped to bring about the Industrial Revolution?

    • Iron + oil

    • Gold + silver

    • Bessemer Process + steel

    • Oil + Bessemer Process

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Oil + Bessemer Process
    Explanation
    The two main findings that helped to bring about the Industrial Revolution were oil and the Bessemer Process. Oil played a crucial role as a source of energy for various industries, powering machinery and providing fuel for transportation. The Bessemer Process, on the other hand, revolutionized steel production by enabling the mass production of high-quality steel at a lower cost. These two advancements were instrumental in driving the rapid industrialization and technological advancements during the Industrial Revolution.

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  • 17. 

    What were two extremely important inventions of the time?

    • Lightbulb + telegram

    • Electricity + typewriter

    • Electricity + telegram

    • Lightbulb + typewriter

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Lightbulb + typewriter
    Explanation
    The lightbulb and the typewriter were two extremely important inventions of the time. The lightbulb revolutionized the way people illuminated their homes and workplaces, providing a safer and more efficient alternative to traditional lighting methods. The typewriter, on the other hand, greatly improved the speed and accuracy of writing and document creation, making it an essential tool for businesses and individuals alike. These inventions had a significant impact on society and paved the way for further advancements in technology.

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  • 18. 

    What are some stats on the depression following the Panic of 1893?

    • 600 banks + 15,000 businesses closed

    • 500 banks + 10,000 businesses closed

    • 400 banks + 12,000 businesses closed

    • 9 million people were unemployed

    • Both C + D

    Correct Answer
    A. 600 banks + 15,000 businesses closed
    Explanation
    During the depression following the Panic of 1893, 600 banks and 15,000 businesses closed. This indicates a significant economic downturn, as a large number of financial institutions and businesses were unable to sustain their operations. The closure of banks and businesses would have resulted in job losses, further exacerbating the economic hardship experienced during this period. The high number of closures highlights the severity of the depression and its impact on the economy.

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  • 19. 

    Differentiate between vertical integration and horizontal integration. In your opinion, which way would you use if you started a manufacturing business like Carnegie or Rockefeller?

  • 20. 

    How were the transcontinental railroads one of the wonders of the world at the time and what made them so difficult to complete? What did they bring to society at the time?

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  • Jan 10, 2023
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  • Dec 10, 2009
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    Hlitten
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