Chapter 1 The Human Genome

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  • 1/9 Questions

    The complete sequence of the human mitochondrial genome has been known for over 20 years, it contains  just ______ genes

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About This Quiz

Explore the complexities of the human genome, from its structure and the components of DNA to the processes of DNA replication and RNA transcription. Understand the historical discoveries that shaped our knowledge of genetics.

Chapter 1 The Human Genome - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    All natural ___________ enzymes are only able to carry out 5′→3′ synthesis, which adds significant complications to the process by which double-stranded DNA is replicated

    Explanation
    All natural enzymes that carry out the synthesis of DNA can only add nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction. This poses a challenge during DNA replication, as the two strands of DNA run in opposite directions. Therefore, DNA polymerase is necessary to catalyze the addition of nucleotides in the correct orientation to ensure accurate replication of the DNA molecule. DNA polimerase is likely a misspelling of DNA polymerase and can be disregarded as a correct answer.

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  • 3. 

    The base ratios of DNA,  had been discovered by____________

    Explanation
    Erwin Chargaff is the correct answer for the question. He is credited with discovering the base ratios of DNA. His research showed that the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine in DNA. This discovery, known as Chargaff's rules, laid the foundation for understanding the structure and function of DNA.

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  • 4. 

    A description of the sequence of every gene in the genome is called __________

    Explanation
    The correct answer for this question is "gene catalog" or "katalog gen". This refers to a comprehensive description or inventory of all the genes present in an organism's genome. It includes information about the location, structure, and function of each gene, providing a valuable resource for researchers and scientists studying genetics and genomics.

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  • 5. 

    Each nucleotide in a DNA polymer is made up of three components:

    • Gula pentosa, basa nitrogen, dan gugus fospat

    • Gula pentosa, basa fosfat, dan nitrogen

    • Karbohidrat, basa nitrogen, dan gula pentosa

    • Basa nitrogen, gula, dan nitrogen

    • Semua jawaban di atas salah

    Correct Answer
    A. Gula pentosa, basa nitrogen, dan gugus fospat
    Explanation
    Each nucleotide in a DNA polymer is composed of a sugar called pentose, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. This combination of components allows DNA to carry and store genetic information.

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  • 6. 

    the sugar in an RNA nucleotide is ________ and, second, RNA contains ________ instead of thymine

    • ribosa; urasil

    • Glukosa; urasil

    • Deoksiribosa, urasil

    • Ribosa; guanin

    • Jawaban di atas salah semua

    Correct Answer
    A. ribosa; urasil
    Explanation
    The sugar in an RNA nucleotide is ribose, which is a 5-carbon sugar. Additionally, RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. Thymine is found in DNA, while uracil is specific to RNA.

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  • 7. 

    The process which the conversion of living harmless bacteria into virulent cells - was called 

    • Konjugasi

    • Transformasi

    • Rekombinasi

    • Transduksi

    • Kombinasi

    Correct Answer
    A. Transformasi
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "transformasi". The process described in the question is the conversion of harmless bacteria into virulent cells, which is known as transformation. This process involves the uptake and incorporation of foreign DNA into the bacterial genome, leading to a change in the phenotype of the bacteria. It is a natural process that can occur in certain bacteria and is also commonly used in genetic engineering techniques.

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  • 8. 

    The human genome, which is typical of the genomes of all multicellular animals, consists of two distinct parts

    • DNA dan RNA

    • Genom inti dan kloroplas

    • Genome dan transkriptom

    • Genome inti dan mitokondria

    • Transkriptom dan proteom

    Correct Answer
    A. Genome inti dan mitokondria
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Genome inti dan mitokondria." The human genome, like that of all multicellular animals, consists of two distinct parts: the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome. The nuclear genome is located in the nucleus of the cell and contains the majority of the genetic material, including the genes responsible for most of the traits and characteristics of an organism. The mitochondrial genome, on the other hand, is located in the mitochondria and is responsible for the production of energy within the cell.

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  • 9. 

    In a polynucleotide, individual nucleotides are linked together by __________ between their 5′- and 3′-carbons

    Correct Answer
    ikatan fosfodiester
    phosphodiester bonds
    Explanation
    In a polynucleotide, individual nucleotides are linked together by phosphodiester bonds between their 5′- and 3′-carbons. These bonds form between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar molecule of the adjacent nucleotide. This linkage creates a backbone of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, with the nitrogenous bases extending from the sugar molecules. The phosphodiester bonds provide stability to the polynucleotide chain and are essential for the formation of DNA and RNA molecules.

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  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 08, 2009
    Quiz Created by
    Fabiounsoed
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