Cell Structure And Specialised Cells

2.

The part of a cell with genetic information is

Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Nucleus

Correct Answer

A. Nucleus

Explanation

The nucleus is the part of a cell that contains the genetic information. It is often referred to as the "control center" of the cell because it houses the cell's DNA, which carries the instructions for the cell's growth, development, and functioning. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, which helps protect the DNA and regulate the movement of molecules in and out of the nucleus. Within the nucleus, the DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes, which contain the genes that determine an organism's traits.

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3.

The location inside a cell where proteins are made is

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane

Correct Answer

A. Ribosomes

Explanation

Ribosomes are the correct answer because they are responsible for protein synthesis in a cell. Ribosomes are small structures found in the cytoplasm of a cell and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. They read the genetic information from the nucleus and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins. Therefore, the location inside a cell where proteins are made is the ribosomes.

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4.

The structure that is partially permeable is

Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Ribosome

Correct Answer

A. Cell Membrane

Explanation

The correct answer is the cell membrane. The cell membrane is a selectively permeable structure that allows certain substances to pass through while restricting the passage of others. It controls the movement of molecules in and out of the cell, maintaining the cell's internal environment and regulating cellular processes. This partially permeable nature of the cell membrane is essential for cellular homeostasis and proper functioning.

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5.

A cell in an insect's flight muscles will contain many

Mitochondria
Nuclei
Vacuoles
Membranes

Correct Answer

A. Mitochondria

Explanation

Mitochondria are the correct answer because they are the powerhouse of the cell and are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. Flight muscles require a lot of energy to function, so it makes sense for them to have many mitochondria to meet their high energy demands. Nuclei, vacuoles, and membranes are also present in cells, but they do not play a direct role in energy production like mitochondria do.

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6.

What substance moves in Osmosis?

Glucose
Water
Hydrogen Peroxide
Oxygen

Correct Answer

A. Water

Explanation

Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (in this case, water) from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, across a semipermeable membrane. Glucose, hydrogen peroxide, and oxygen are not substances that typically move in osmosis. Therefore, the correct answer is water.

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7.

Which one of the following applies only to the structure of plant cells

Ribosome, mitochondria, cytoplasm
Nucleus
Vacuole, mitochondria, nucleus
Mitochondria
Vacuole

Correct Answer

A. Vacuole

Explanation

Ribosomes, mitochondria, and cytoplasm are found in both plant and animal cells. These are essential components for various cellular functions:
Ribosomes: Protein synthesis
Mitochondria: Energy production (cellular respiration)
Cytoplasm: Provides structure and supports other organelles within the cell.
Nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) and directing cellular activities. It's present in both plant and animal cells.
Vacuole is a large sac for storage and waste disposal. It's a prominent feature in plant cells, helping them maintain turgor pressure (cell rigidity) and storing various substances. Animal cells may have small vacuoles, but they are not as significant as in plant cells.

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8.

If there is no difference between the concentration of interanl and external cell solutions, which way will water move?

It does not move
It leaves the cell
It enters the cell
It moves equally both ways

Correct Answer

A. It moves equally both ways

Explanation

When the concentration of internal and external cell solutions is the same, there is no concentration gradient to drive the movement of water. As a result, water molecules will move randomly in both directions, causing an equal movement of water into and out of the cell. This is known as dynamic equilibrium, where the net movement of water is zero. Therefore, the correct answer is "It moves equally both ways."

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9.

In which part of a cell does aerobic resipration occur?

Chloroplasts
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm

Correct Answer

A. Mitochondria

Explanation

Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria of a cell. Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they are responsible for producing most of the cell's energy in the form of ATP through aerobic respiration. This process involves the breakdown of glucose and other molecules in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP, carbon dioxide, and water. The mitochondria have specialized structures and enzymes that facilitate this energy production process, making them the site of aerobic respiration in cells.

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10.

A cell membrane is:

Permeable
Transient
Partially permeable
Impermeable

Correct Answer

A. Partially permeable

Explanation

A cell membrane is partially permeable because it allows certain substances to pass through while restricting the movement of others. It is selectively permeable, meaning it has specific channels and transporters that control the movement of molecules and ions in and out of the cell. This allows the cell to maintain a stable internal environment by regulating the passage of essential substances like water and nutrients, while preventing the entry of harmful substances or the loss of important cellular components.

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11.

What happens in plant cells if they are placed in a very dilute solution?

The cells expand (become turgid)
The cells contract (become flaccid)
The cells do not change
The cells burst

Correct Answer

A. The cells expand (become turgid)

Explanation

When plant cells are placed in a very dilute solution, water enters the cells by osmosis. This causes the cells to swell and expand, becoming turgid. The cell walls prevent the cells from bursting, allowing them to maintain their shape. This expansion of the cells helps to provide support to the plant, making it more rigid and upright.

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12.

A ribosome is

Part of a cell which controls its activity
A route for substances to pass through a cell
Where protein synthesis occurs
A liquid gel in which chemical reactions take place

Correct Answer

A. Where protein synthesis occurs

Explanation

A ribosome is where protein synthesis occurs. Ribosomes are small organelles found in cells that are responsible for translating the genetic information from DNA into proteins. They do this by linking amino acids together in a specific order to form a polypeptide chain, which then folds into a functional protein. Ribosomes can be found in both the cytoplasm of the cell and on the endoplasmic reticulum. They are composed of RNA and proteins and are essential for the proper functioning of cells.

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13.

What is the component of cellulose?

Sugar
Fats
Protein
Water

Correct Answer

A. Sugar

Explanation

Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate made up of glucose molecules linked together. These glucose molecules are the sugar component of cellulose. Cellulose is a major structural component of plant cell walls and provides rigidity and support to plants. It cannot be digested by humans and is considered a dietary fiber.

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14.

More water enters a cell by osmosis if which of the following occurs to the external solution?

Remove water
Add more solute
Increase the temperature
Change the pH

Correct Answer

A. Increase the temperature

Explanation

When the temperature of the external solution increases, the kinetic energy of the water molecules also increases. This increased kinetic energy leads to more collisions between the water molecules and the cell membrane, causing more water molecules to enter the cell by osmosis. Therefore, increasing the temperature of the external solution results in more water entering the cell.

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Cell Structure And Specialised Cells

Which of the following structures are not found in animal cells

Quiz Preview

The part of a cell with genetic information is

The location inside a cell where proteins are made is

The structure that is partially permeable is

A cell in an insect's flight muscles will contain many

What substance moves in Osmosis?

Which one of the following applies only to the structure of plant cells

If there is no difference between the concentration of interanl and external cell solutions, which way will water move?

In which part of a cell does aerobic resipration occur?

A cell membrane is:

What happens in plant cells if they are placed in a very dilute solution?

A ribosome is

What is the component of cellulose?

More water enters a cell by osmosis if which of the following occurs to the external solution?