CCNA Tcsa 14 - Routing Exam

The TTL (Time to Live) field within an IP packet header is used to limit the period of time or number of hops a packet can traverse through the network before it should be discarded. This helps prevent packets from endlessly circulating in the network and ensures that they are eventually dropped if they cannot reach their destination within a certain time or hop limit.

RIP, or Routing Information Protocol, is a distance-vector routing protocol. It uses the hop count as the metric to determine the best path for routing packets. This means that RIP considers the number of routers or hops that a packet must traverse to reach its destination. RIP does not take into account other factors such as bandwidth or delay. Therefore, the statement "RIP uses only one metric—hop count— for path selection" accurately describes a feature of RIP.

A converged network refers to a state where all routers in a network have shared the same information, calculated the best paths, and updated their routing tables accordingly. This ensures that the routers have reached a consistent and optimal state in terms of routing. It does not necessarily mean that all routers have formed an adjacency or that the network is immediately converged after a topology change. Instead, it focuses on the synchronization and updating of routing information among routers to achieve an efficient and reliable network.

The highlighted value 192 represents the metric or cost in the routing table. This metric is used to determine the best path or route to a destination. In this case, a lower metric value indicates a better or more efficient route. The value of 192 indicates the cost associated with the corresponding route.

The IP address and subnet mask combination of 172.16.32.18 and 255.255.255.252 can be used on the serial interface of Router2 in order to put the interface in the same network as the serial interface of Router1. This is because both IP addresses fall within the same network range of 172.16.32.16 to 172.16.32.19, and the subnet mask of 255.255.255.252 allows for only 2 usable host addresses, which is sufficient for the two serial interfaces to communicate with each other.

A router is required to connect the two separate networks and add a common connection to the Internet that can be shared. A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. It determines the best path for data transmission and can connect multiple networks together, allowing devices from different networks to communicate with each other. In this scenario, the router will connect the two separate networks in the building and provide a shared connection to the Internet for both networks.

Static routes provide the most efficient use of router resources for forwarding traffic between BR and HQ. Unlike dynamic routing protocols like RIP, RIPv2, and EIGRP, static routes do not require the router to continuously exchange routing updates with other routers in the network. Static routes are manually configured by the network administrator and remain unchanged unless manually modified. This reduces the overhead on router resources and provides a more efficient and stable routing solution for forwarding traffic between BR and HQ.

The IP address 192.135.250.2 should be used as the next-hop address in the ip route command because it is the address that will direct traffic to the 192.168.1.0/24 network.

If the 56 kb/s link between router A and router E fails, the packet from router A will take the path A, B, C, F to reach the LAN attached to router F. This is because router A is directly connected to router B, which is directly connected to router C, and finally router C is directly connected to router F. Therefore, the packet will traverse these routers in sequence to reach its destination.

The reason why Host A is unable to access the Internet is because the Fa0/1 interfaces of the two routers are configured for different subnets. This means that the routers are not able to properly route the traffic from Host A to the Internet. The subnet configuration needs to be corrected in order for Host A to access the Internet.

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) maintains a separate topology table from the routing table. This topology table contains detailed information about the network's topology, such as the best routes, metrics, and feasible successors. The routing table, on the other hand, only contains the best routes to reach a destination. By keeping the topology table separate, EIGRP can quickly adapt to network changes and make efficient routing decisions.

The routers R1 and R2 are directly connected and running the EIGRP routing protocol. However, they are unable to form an EIGRP neighbor adjacency. This issue can be resolved by configuring both routers with the same EIGRP process ID. The EIGRP process ID is used to identify the EIGRP routing process running on a router. By configuring both routers with the same process ID, they will be able to recognize each other as neighbors and form an adjacency.

When a router learns multiple equal cost paths to a remote network via different routing protocols, it will prioritize the path learned via the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance. In this case, since both EIGRP and RIP are using their default configurations, EIGRP has a lower administrative distance (90) compared to RIP (120). Therefore, the path learned via EIGRP will be installed in the routing table.

The feature of including subnet masks in routing updates enables RIPv2 to function as a classless routing protocol. By including subnet masks, RIPv2 can support variable length subnet masks (VLSM) and route to specific subnets within a network, rather than just the network as a whole. This allows for more efficient use of IP addresses and more precise routing decisions.

The correct answer is "debug ip rip". This command enables the administrator to view the RIPv2 updates as they are received, helping them troubleshoot the network convergence issue. By enabling RIP debugging, the administrator can see the routing updates in real-time, allowing them to identify any potential issues or misconfigurations in the network.