CCENT Practice Certification Exam 2

The purpose of the "crypto key generate rsa" command is to create a public and private key pair. This key pair is essential for establishing a secure SSH connection between the switch and other devices. The public key is used for encryption, while the private key is kept secret and used for decryption. This command generates both keys, allowing for secure communication over SSH.

Port security is a feature in Cisco switches that allows the network administrator to restrict access to each switch port to a specific MAC address. By enabling port security, the switch will only allow network traffic from the MAC address that is associated with that port. This helps to prevent unauthorized devices from connecting to the network and enhances network security.

The correct answer is CSU/DSU. A CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) is needed to connect the router to the ISP when a T1 leased line is supplied. A CSU/DSU is responsible for converting the digital data from the router into a format that can be transmitted over the T1 leased line and vice versa. It provides the necessary interface between the router and the leased line. A modem, DSL router, NT1 device, or ISDN modem would not be suitable for this type of connection.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is used to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network. In this scenario, Host 1 needs to request its IP address from the server, which is the role of DHCP.

UDP would be the preferred transport protocol over TCP when a faster delivery mechanism is needed because UDP does not have the same level of reliability and error-checking mechanisms as TCP, which allows for faster transmission. Additionally, UDP would be preferred when applications do not need to guarantee delivery of the data because UDP does not have the same level of error recovery and retransmission capabilities as TCP, making it more suitable for applications where occasional data loss is acceptable.

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is described as an enhanced distance vector routing protocol. It combines the features of both distance vector and link-state protocols, providing faster convergence and better scalability. EIGRP uses a metric based on bandwidth and delay to determine the best path for routing. It also supports load balancing and allows for easy configuration and management. Overall, EIGRP is considered an advanced and efficient routing protocol.

The data is flowing from the host (laptop) to the default gateway router. This can be determined by looking at the source and destination IP addresses. The source IP address is 192.168.1.88, which is the IP address of the laptop. The destination IP address is 209.165.200.225, which is the IP address of the default gateway router. Therefore, the data is flowing from the host to the default gateway router.

The group of commands "line vty 0 4 - password cisco - login" allows a router to be administered remotely. The "line vty" command is used to configure virtual terminal lines, and the "0 4" specifies the range of virtual terminal lines to be configured. The "password" command sets the password for authentication, and "cisco" is the password in this case. The "login" command enables login authentication for the virtual terminal lines, allowing remote administration of the router.

When host A wants to send an IP packet to host D, it sends out a broadcast message with the MAC address FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF. This broadcast message is received by every other host connected to the switch. Host D, being the intended recipient, responds to the broadcast message with its MAC address. This allows host A to know the MAC address of host D, which is necessary for the packet to be properly delivered.

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) is primarily used for security in a wireless network environment. It is a security protocol that provides encryption and authentication to secure wireless networks. WPA replaces the older and less secure WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) protocol. WPA uses a stronger encryption algorithm and provides better security features, such as dynamic encryption keys and message integrity checks. It helps to prevent unauthorized access, data interception, and network attacks in wireless networks.

In full-duplex mode, there are no collisions because data can be transmitted and received simultaneously. A dedicated switch port is required for each node to allow for simultaneous communication. The host network card and the switch port must both be in full-duplex mode to enable simultaneous data transmission and reception.

The given IP address 172.16.134.64 with the subnet mask 255.255.255.224 falls within the range of a network address. The subnet mask 255.255.255.224 indicates that the first 27 bits of the IP address are used to identify the network, while the remaining 5 bits are used for host addresses. Therefore, the IP address 172.16.134.64 is the network address for the network it belongs to.

The given IP address 192.168.65.54 and subnet mask 255.255.255.240 indicate that the network portion of the IP address is obtained by performing a bitwise AND operation between the IP address and the subnet mask. The result is 192.168.65.48, which is the network address to which the host belongs.

It is important for the router to maintain an accurate routing table in order to determine the best path to the destination network. The routing table contains information about the available networks and the paths to reach them. By maintaining an accurate routing table, the router can make informed decisions about which path to choose for forwarding packets. This helps in efficient and reliable routing of data across the network.

To remedy the situation of slow wireless access for some users, installing another access point at another location within the office would be the most appropriate solution. This will help improve the coverage and distribution of the wireless network, ensuring that users in different areas of the office have better connectivity and faster access. By adding another access point, the network capacity will be increased, reducing congestion and improving overall performance for all users. This solution addresses the specific issue of slow access in certain locations and provides a targeted solution to improve the wireless network performance.

RIPv2 supports classless routing, which means it can support variable length subnet masks (VLSM) and route summarization. This allows for more efficient use of IP address space and more flexibility in network design. On the other hand, RIPv1 is classful and does not support these features. Therefore, upgrading from RIPv1 to RIPv2 would be beneficial for organizations that require more advanced routing capabilities and need to accommodate larger or more complex networks.

The given IP addresses are all in the same subnet, which has a subnet mask of /28. The valid network address for this subnet would be the first IP address in the range, which is 10.16.10.16. This is because the subnet mask of /28 allows for a total of 16 IP addresses, so the network address would be the first IP in that range.

The given IP address 172.16.127.255 is invalid as a host address for the network 172.16.112.0 because it falls outside the range of valid host addresses for the network. The network 172.16.112.0 has a subnet mask that allows for a maximum of 254 host addresses (excluding the network and broadcast addresses). Therefore, any IP address above 172.16.112.254 is considered invalid for host assignment.

The correct answer is a and b. Interfaces a and b could be used for a leased-line WAN connection.

The correct answer is A – straight-through; B – crossover; C – straight-through. A straight-through cable is used for connectivity between a router and a switch, as well as between a switch and a host. This type of cable has the same pin configuration on both ends, allowing for communication between devices on the same network. However, when connecting two switches together, a crossover cable is needed. This type of cable has a different pin configuration on each end, allowing for proper communication between the switches.

The data link layer of the OSI model handles the process of identifying and discarding damaged frames. This layer is responsible for error detection and correction, ensuring that data is transmitted without errors over the physical network. It checks the integrity of the frames by using techniques such as checksums or cyclic redundancy checks (CRC). If a frame is found to be damaged, it is discarded and not passed on to the network layer for further processing.

The given correct answer states that WIC-2T is a Smart Serial connector, WIC1T is a DB60 connector, and WIC-1ENET is an RJ45 connector. This means that the WIC-2T device uses a Smart Serial connector, the WIC1T device uses a DB60 connector, and the WIC-1ENET device uses an RJ45 connector.

When a wireless host has a different SSID configured than the access point it is trying to connect to, it will not be allowed access to the wireless network. This is because the SSID is used to identify and match the wireless host with the correct access point. If the configured SSID does not match the access point's SSID, the access point will not authenticate the host and deny access to the network.

In the exhibited network, there is only one collision domain. A collision domain is a network segment where collisions can occur between devices that are connected to the same physical medium, such as a hub or a shared Ethernet cable. In this case, there is only one connection point or physical medium shown in the exhibit, indicating that there is only one collision domain.

The command "ip route 192.168.7.24 255.255.255.248 192.168.7.9" indicates that any packet with a destination IP address of 192.168.7.30 will be forwarded to the next-hop router at address 192.168.7.9. This command defines a static route, which is a manually configured route that remains in the routing table until it is manually removed or changed.

The system administrator can modify the startup configuration file and the configuration register value to determine from where the Cisco IOS loads. The startup configuration file contains the configuration settings that are applied when the device boots up, and the configuration register value determines the boot process and the location from where the IOS is loaded. By modifying these two items, the system administrator can control the boot process and specify the source of the IOS image.

PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is primarily used in a WAN (Wide Area Network). PPP is a data link layer protocol that provides a way to establish a direct connection between two nodes in a network. It is commonly used in WAN connections such as dial-up connections, leased lines, and DSL connections. PPP provides authentication, encryption, and compression features, making it suitable for secure and efficient communication over wide area networks.

The problem is that workstations on different VLANs cannot ping each other. This indicates that there is no inter-VLAN routing happening between the VLANs. To fix this issue, a Layer 3 device such as a router or a Layer 3 switch needs to be added to the network. This device will be able to route traffic between the VLANs, allowing workstations on different VLANs to communicate with each other.

A Cisco switch performs two actions. First, it uses the source MAC addresses of frames to build and maintain a MAC address table. This table keeps track of which devices are connected to which ports on the switch. Second, the switch utilizes the MAC address table to forward frames to the appropriate destination MAC address. By referencing the table, the switch can determine the correct port to send the frame to, ensuring efficient and accurate forwarding of network traffic.

The netstat command can be used to display the active network connections and listening ports on a computer. By running netstat on ComputerA, the network administrator can see the port number being used in the translation of the inside private IP address.

To establish a console communication session between a computer and a router, two requirements are necessary. Firstly, a rollover cable must be used to connect the console port of the router to the serial port of the computer. This type of cable is specifically designed for this purpose. Secondly, there must be a terminal emulator application installed on the computer. This software allows the computer to communicate with the router through the console connection. Without these two requirements, the console communication session cannot be established.

As the IP packet passes through each router in the network, the Layer 2 header is stripped from the packet by each router. This means that each router removes the Layer 2 header before forwarding the packet to the next router. Additionally, the Layer 2 header changes at each router. This means that each router adds its own Layer 2 header with the appropriate source and destination addresses before forwarding the packet to the next router.

The transport layer provides three services: flow control, connection establishment, and error recovery. Flow control ensures that the sender does not overwhelm the receiver with too much data, preventing congestion. Connection establishment sets up a reliable communication channel between the sender and receiver. Error recovery detects and retransmits lost or corrupted data to ensure reliable delivery.

The message "Password required, but none set" indicates that a password is needed to access the device, but no password has been set. This suggests that the password command is missing from the line configuration mode on R2. The password command is used to set a password for accessing the device, and without it, the device cannot authenticate the user trying to access it via Telnet.

The three valid public addresses are 198.133.219.17, 128.107.12.117, and 64.104.78.227. These addresses are valid because they are within the range of public IP addresses, which are used to identify devices on the internet. The other addresses, 192.168.1.245, 10.15.250.5, and 192.15.301.240, are private addresses that are used for internal networks and cannot be directly accessed from the internet.

In classful subnetting, a /23 subnet has a total of 512 IP addresses. However, the network in the exhibit is only using addresses from the 172.16.6.0/23 subnet for the serial link between routers A and B. This means that the remaining IP addresses in the subnet are wasted and not being utilized. Therefore, the number of valid IP addresses wasted on this subnetwork is 508.

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) is a protocol used in Ethernet networks to manage how devices access the network medium. Three characteristics of CSMA/CD are as follows:

1. A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting: This means that devices will check if the network medium is currently being used by another device before attempting to transmit data. If the media is busy, the device will wait until it becomes available.

2. All of the devices on a segment see data that passes on the network medium: In CSMA/CD, all devices on a network segment can see the data that is being transmitted on the network medium. This allows for shared communication and ensures that all devices receive the transmitted data.

3. After detecting a collision, hosts can attempt to resume transmission after a random time delay has expired: In the event of a collision, where multiple devices attempt to transmit data at the same time and their signals collide, CSMA/CD allows the devices to wait for a random time delay before attempting to transmit again. This helps to reduce the likelihood of another collision occurring.

The Layer 2 destination address of the frame as it leaves the myhome router is 0008.a3b6.ce05.

The correct answer is application, transport, Internet, and network access layers. When Host 1 transfers a file to the server, the application layer is responsible for initiating the file transfer. The transport layer ensures reliable delivery of the file by dividing it into smaller packets and managing their transmission. The Internet layer handles the addressing and routing of the packets over the network. Finally, the network access layer is responsible for transmitting the packets over the physical network medium.

The ip host command is used to create host tables on Cisco routers in order to allow communication with other IP devices by name. By using this command, the router can associate specific IP addresses with meaningful names, making it easier for network administrators to manage and troubleshoot network connectivity. This allows for more efficient communication and enhances network functionality.

TCP and UDP are both transport layer protocols used for sending data from a source PC to a destination server.

The statement "The UDP destination port number identifies the application or service on the server which will handle the data" is correct. In UDP, the destination port number is used to identify the specific application or service on the server that should receive the data.

The statement "UDP segments are encapsulated within IP packets for transport across the network" is also correct. UDP segments are encapsulated within IP packets, which allows them to be transported across the network.

The statement "The source port field identifies the running application or service that will handle data returning to the PC" is the third correct statement. The source port field in both TCP and UDP identifies the application or service on the source PC that is responsible for handling the data returning from the server.

The switchport port-security mac-address sticky command should be used whenever multiple devices share the same port. This command allows the switch to dynamically learn the MAC addresses of the devices connected to the port and automatically adds them to the port-security configuration. This ensures that only the learned MAC addresses are allowed to connect to the port, preventing unauthorized devices from accessing the network.

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The output of this command displays information about directly connected Cisco devices only because it shows the details of the devices connected to the switch. Additionally, the statement "SanJose2 is a 2600 series router running several routed protocols" is true as it provides information about the router model and the protocols it is running.

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The IP address 10.199.255.254 can be assigned to the default gateway for host A because it falls within the same network range as the IP address of host A. The default gateway is responsible for routing network traffic between different networks, so it needs to have an IP address within the same network as the host.

Based on the exhibited router output, two conclusions can be made. First, the service password-encryption command has not been added to the configuration because the passwords are displayed in plain text. Second, the passwords that are shown will be required to enter privileged EXEC mode on this router, as indicated by the "enable secret" and "line console 0" commands.

Network topology refers to the arrangement of nodes and connections in a network. Common topologies include star, bus, ring, mesh, and tree, each with its own characteristics and applications. Spiral is not a recognized network topology.