Multiple Choice: Choose the BEST answer from the choices given.
Ammonification
Cellular respiration
Decay
Photosynthesis
Transpiration
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Population
Ecosystem
Community
Organism
Habitat
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They reach sexual maturity rapidly.
They reach their adult size slowly.
They attain a large body size.
They live fora long time.
The size if their population remains fairly constant.
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Energy flowing in one direction: from producers to primary consumer, to secondary consumer, to tertiary consumers.
Most of the energy transferred out of the trophic level is lost before passing into the next higher trophic level.
The ultimate source of most energy entering an ecosystem in the sun.
Heat generated by organisms represents a loss of energy in the ecosystem.
Energy is recycled in an ecosystem.
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90%
75%
60%
50%
25%
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Remains unchanged even after a dramatic climate shift
Is likely to be gradually replaced by another community
Is usually short-lived and quickly replaced by another community
Will be replaced by another community if some catastrophic event occurs
Contains a small biomass relative to other communities that may occupy the same region
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Competitive exclusion principle
Intraspecific competition
Realized niche
Resource partitioning
Character displacement
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Competitive exclusion principle
Intraspecific competition
Realized niche
Resource partitioning
Character displacement
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Ground-nesting birds build nests that are just beyond pecking distance from nests of other birds
In the absence of oxygen, yeasts acquire energy by alcoholic fermentation but die after the alcohol concentration exceeds 12 percent
Red squirrels defend territories that possess good food supplies
Bees huddle together to help survive cold temperatures
Many orange trees in orchards die when temperature drop below freezing
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Coevolution
Niche partisioning
Competitive exclusion
Secondary succession
Mutualism
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Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and water
Bicarbonate in the water
Nitrate in the soil
Dissolved phosphate in water
Fertilizers added to soil
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Bacteria
Fungi
Small animals
Humans
All of these are subject to such limits.
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New lava or sand dunes
After a fire
When farmland is abandoned
Only in tropical rain forests
In any community with periodic disturbances.
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Cyclical
One-way
Two-way
Reversible in certain tropical ecosystems
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Combustion
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Decomposition
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Oxygen and Water
Oxygen and Sugar
Carbon dioxide and wat
Carbon dioxide and Sugar
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Oxygen and glucose/sugar
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide and water
Glucose/sugar and water
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Water
Atmosphere
Ground
Living Organisms
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.1%
21%
78%
87%
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.1%
21%
78%
87%
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Combustion
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Decomposition
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Rocks and fossil fuels
Living plants
Atmosphere
Soil
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Has many offspring, lots of care, most survive
Has many offspring, little care, few survive
Have few offspring, lots of care, most survive
Have few offspring, little care, few survive
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They are too few predators.
Energy is lost at each level, so there is too little energy for upper levels.
Matter is used up, so there is no carbon left for predators.
Too little diversity on Earth.
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Producer
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
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Nitrogen
Water
Carbon
Bi
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Growth of lichen on an new volcanic island.
Growth of new weeds on a sand bar
Growth of weeds when a garden tilled
Growth of mosses on an abandoned cement parking lot
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Rabbits
Grass
Grasshoppers
Frogs
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Rabbits
Grass
Grasshoppers
Frogs
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.1
1
10
100
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