Brachial Plexus
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This quiz is based on class notes and lecture. It is not intended to substitute independent studying and should be used as a learning aid along with your notes. The creator of the quiz is not responsible for the accuracy of this quiz. Again good luck and I hope this helps you gain a better understanding of the brachial plexus.
- 1.Spinal cord: has ___areas of enlargement "bulges". One is in the _____ area, one in the__________
- A.
4, cervical area, neck area,lower lumbar, lower back area
- B.
3, cervical area, lumbar area, thoracic
- C.
2, cervical area, lumbar area
- 2.Cervical: means
- A.
Neck
- B.
Relating to the cervix
- C.
Lower back
- D.
Trunk
- 3.Lumbar means:
- A.
Relating to "wood" meaning the trunk of the body
- B.
The curve in the back of the spine
- C.
Lower back
- D.
A seating position
- 4.The 2 areas of enlargement (“bulges”) are called:
- A.
Bony prominances
- B.
Brachial plexus and lumbar plexus
- C.
Cervical plexus and lower back plexus
- 5.The brachial plexus is located in the ________
- A.
Lumbar area
- B.
Cervical area
- C.
The arms
- D.
The legs
- 6.Plexus means:
- A.
A bundle of something in this case a bundle of arteries
- B.
A bundle of something, in this case, a bundle of nerve fibers)
- C.
A bundle of something, in this case a bundle of neurons
- D.
A bundle of something, in this case a bundle of muscle fibers
- 7.The function of the brachial plexus is to
- A.
Supply movement to the upper extremities
- B.
Supply blood to the upper extremities
- C.
Supply innervation to the upper extremities.
- D.
Supply innervation to the lower extremities
- 8.The origin of the PNS (peripheral nervous system) is located where?
- A.
Brachial plexus
- B.
Lumbar plexus
- 9.Do you know what “innervation means?
- A.
I do indeed, innervation means to to "supply with blood"
- B.
I do indeed, innervation means to to "supply with muscle"
- C.
I do indeed, innervation means to to "supply with nerves"
- 10.Breakdown of Brachial Plexus:
- A.
Roots, trunks, divisions and cords
- B.
C1-7, L1-12, L1-L5
- C.
Medial, lateral, distal, proximal
- 11.These roots, trunks, divisions, cords ultimately break down into 5 major nerves in the upper extremity: what are they. (pick 3)
- A.
Axillary,median
- B.
Musculoctaneous
- C.
Ulnar, radial
- D.
Axlliary, femur
- E.
Obturator nerve
- 12.The ROOT exit off at:
- A.
The spinal cord at C-1 though T-1 (C1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and T-1)
- B.
The spinal cord at c-5 through t-1 (C5,6,7,8 and T-1)
- C.
The spinal cord at C-5 through C7 (c5,6,7)
- 13.The root gives rise to _ nerves the _________and ________
- A.
2, axillary, and musculocutaneous
- B.
2, dorsal scapular, Long thoracic
- C.
3, ulnar, radial, and median
- D.
3 axillary, radial and median
- 14.1. dorsal scapular nerve is susceptible to ________ injury.
- A.
Contrature
- B.
Stretch
- C.
Scapular injury
- 15.The long thoracic nerve innervates the _________, which keep the _____ flat on the back
- A.
Pectoral, scapula
- B.
Biceps, clavical
- C.
rhomboids, scapula
- D.
Rhomboids, spinal cord
- 16.Trunks are:
- A.
Where the roots come together to combine, forming upper, middle and lower trapezium, at the rhomboid muscles)
- B.
Where roots come together to combine, forming upper, middle, and lower trunks (at the level of the scalene muscles)
- C.
Where roots come together to combine, forming upper, middle, and lower trunks (at the level of the rotary cuff muscles)
- D.
Where the roots come together to combine, forming upper, middle and lower trapezium, at the scalene muscles)
- 17.2. Middle trunk: injury here
- A.
Results in radial nerve distribution problems
- B.
Erb’s palsy (a.k.a. obstetrical palsy)
- C.
Klumpke’s palsy
- 18.Lower trunk injury results in:
- A.
Result in Erb’s palsy (a.k.a.
- B.
Results in radial nerve distribution problems
- C.
Klumpke’s palsy
- 19.Divisions: each trunk divides into
- A.
Anterior and posterior postions (located deep in the middle 1/3 of clavical
- B.
Proximal and distal positions (located deep in the middle 1/3 of the scapula)
- C.
Medial and lateral positions (located deep in the middle 1/3 of the clavical)
- D.
Hemilateral and ipslateral positions (located in the middle 1/3 of the clavical)
- 20.True or false: In anatomical positioning: The anterior division: nerve fibers eventually innervate doral aspect of UE
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 21.True or false: In anatomical postioning,the Posterior division: nerve fibers eventually innervate dorsal aspect of UE
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 22.Cords: divisions unite to form
- A.
Lateral, posterior, and medial cords (located below the clavicle, in the axillary area)
- B.
Distal, anterior and proximal cords (located below the clavical, in the axillary area
- C.
Lateral, posterior, and medial cords (located below the biceps, in the axillary area)
- D.
Distal, anterior and proximal cords,(located below the biceps in the axillary area)
- 23.Cords give rise to the major nerve branches pick them out
- A.
Axillary, Musculocutaneous
- B.
Radial, ulnar
- C.
Median, thoracic
- D.
Median
- E.
Axillary,femur
- 24.The following Describe what type of injury? Usually ARO traction (overstretch along with resistance), for example from an MVA or with a shoulder dislocation Other causes of injury: bleeding, edema, clavicle fractures Traction injury results in an avulsion (a pulling away of the head from the neck and shoulder) Supraclavicular injury (at the root level) versus intraclavicular injury (at clavicle or below) Whole plexus injury is most devastating (flail, anesthetic limb): no motor or sensory function
- A.
Peripheral nerve injuries
- B.
Brachial plexus injury
- C.
Lumbar plexus unjury
- D.
A tendon crush injury
- 25.Scapular winging:
- A.
Indicates injury at the division level
- B.
Indicates injury at root level
- C.
Indicates injury at cord level
- D.
Indicates injury at trunk level
- 26.Horner’s sign
- A.
Numbness in lower phalax (poor prognosis if present or persistent
- B.
Droopy eye (indicates good prognosis, doctor can tell from the eyes that all the "circuits are firing correctly.
- C.
Droopy eye (poorer prognosis if present or persistent) Look at associated problems i.e.TBI
- 27.When evaluation a brachial plexus injury, one will look for the following symptoms:(only two of the four choices are correct.
- A.
Scapular winging Horner’s sign- droopy eye Look at associated problems i.e.TBI Prior status and function of limb
- B.
Occupational needs/function Edema, sensation, ROM, MMT, muscle atrophy Skin and soft tissue status
- C.
Scapular winging (indicates injury at root level) Horner’s sign- droopy eye (poorer prognosis if present or persistent) Look at associated problems i.e.TBI sweating, edema, respiratory, drop in blood pressure,
- D.
Dysphasia, anorexia,lack of sterognosis
- 28.OT Treatment principles include the following:
- A.
Woundcare, medication management, cognition therapy,
- B.
- Edema management: retrograde massage, positioning, pressure garments, splints - Splinting prn
- C.
- Motor: tailored exercise program (functional movement and endurance before strengthening) -Joint mobility (long period of immobility.)
- D.
Debriding, splints, edema management: retrograde massage, positioning, pressure garments
- E.
-Pain management - ADL/work training -Sensory reeducation (generally begun when pt. can feel moving touch in palm of hand)
- 29.Sensory reducation concepts follow what sequence:
- A.
1. first,moving touch 2. then pain and touch 3. constant touch 4. touch pressure 5. touch localization if needed Patient generally has extensive home program also. If needed, compensatory techniques are taught.
- B.
1. first, pain and touch 2. then moving touch 3. constant touch 4. touch pressure 5. touch localization if needed Patient generally has extensive home program also. If needed, compensatory techniques are taught.
- C.
1. first,moving touch 2. then pain and touch 3. constant touch 4.touch localization if needed 5. touch pressure Patient generally has extensive home program also. If needed, compensatory techniques are taught.
- 30.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: "With PROM, do not go past 90 degrees"
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 31.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: -With PROM, do not do humeral rotation
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 32.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: These movements add extra pull (traction) at the root level and can worsen the injury.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 33.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: Children will be treated differently (must consider developmental aspects, differences in physical makeup)
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 34.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: May have shoulder subluxation ( use slings for this!)
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 35.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: If using splints, it does not matter the amount of time spent in splint
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 36.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: Maintain web space
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 37.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: Electrical stimulation is highly recommended
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 38.Precautions… true or false concerning Performance of ROM with Brachial Plexus injury: precautions: Prognosis varies
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 39.Back to the basics: PNS (periphrial nervous system) what is it's purpose?
- A.
Conveys sensory and motor information between the CNS and the rest of the body.
- B.
conveys motor information from the spinal cord to the brain
- C.
Controls somatic functions such as heart,kidney, etc...
- 40.Sensory: dorsal and ventral surfaces of radial half of forearm motor: elbow and shoulder flexion
- A.
. Musculocutaneous nerve
- B.
Axillary nerve
- C.
Median nerve
- D.
Ulnar nerve
- E.
Radial
- 41.Sensory: distal 2/3 of the posterior deltoid, and adjacent long head of the triceps motor: shoulder abduction and external rotation
- A.
Axillary
- B.
Median
- C.
Ulnar
- D.
Radial
- E.
Musculocutaneous
- 42.Sensory: palmar surface of thumb and first three fingers motor: finger and wrist flexion
- A.
Ulnar
- B.
Median
- C.
Radial
- D.
Axillary
- E.
Musculocutaneous
- 43.Sensory: 4th and 5th fingers motor: intrinsic hand muscles
- A.
Ulnar
- B.
Median
- C.
Radial
- D.
Axillary
- E.
Musculocutaneous
- 44.The catagories of injuries are
- A.
Upper, lower and middle praxis
- B.
Neurapraxia, axontemesis, neurotmesis
- C.
Subcutaneous, cutaneous, supracutaneous
- D.
Anterior and posterior
- 45.(contusion or bruise of nerve)
- A.
Neurapraxia
- B.
Axontemesis
- C.
Neurotmesis
- 46.(nerve fibers distal to the injury degenerate, but the bulk of the nerve is intact)
- A.
Neurapraxia
- B.
Axontemesis
- C.
Neurotmesis
- 47.Complete laceration of nerve
- A.
Neurotmesis
- B.
Neurapraxia
- C.
Axontemesis
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