This Is The Botany Pre-test.
Settings
-
+
- 1.1. Which statement on photosynthesis is NOT Correct?
- A.
It occurs only in plants, algae and some bacteria
- B.
It requires chlorophyll
- C.
It involves the conversion of chemical energy into light
- D.
It involves a flow of electrons between molecules
- E.
It makes energy available to all living organisms
- 2.1. The first steps in the evolution of life took place in a (n):
- A.
Aerobic atmosphere
- B.
Anaerobic atmosphere
- C.
Oxygen-rich environment
- D.
Frigid environment
- E.
Sunless environment
- 3.1. All plants are ________ whereas all animals and fungi are________
- A.
Heterotrophs; autotrophs
- B.
Autotrophs; heterotrophs
- C.
Aerobes; anaerobes
- D.
Anaerobes; aerobes
- E.
Energy consumers; energy producers
- 4.1. Which of the following did NOT result from the evolution of photosynthesis?
- A.
The atmosphere became aerobic
- B.
The ozone layer was formed
- C.
Prokaryotic cells evolved from eukaryotic cells
- D.
The process of respiration could take place
- E.
The oxygen content of the atmosphere increased
- 5.1. All prokaryotic cells:
- A.
Lack genetic material
- B.
Evolved from eukaryotic cells
- C.
Are heterotrophic
- D.
Lack a nuclear envelope
- E.
Are larger than eukaryotic cells
- 6.1. Which of the following is part of the vascular system of a plant?
- A.
Stroma
- B.
Cuticle
- C.
Meristem
- D.
Xylem
- E.
Cambium
- 7.1. Secondary growth is:
- A.
Growth in height
- B.
Growth of the root into the soil
- C.
Growth in thickness
- D.
Growth of the cuticle
- E.
Lengthwise growth of the leaf
- 8.1. The tonoplast of a cell is:
- A.
An alternative name for the protoplast
- B.
The portion of the protoplast outside the nucleus
- C.
The portion of the ground substance in which actin filaments and the microtubules are suspended
- D.
The membrane surrounding the vacuole
- E.
An association of actin filaments and microtubules
- 9.1. Stacks of disklike thylakoids are characteristic features of:
- A.
Mitochondria
- B.
Chromoplasts
- C.
Microbodies
- D.
Chloroplasts
- E.
Golgi bodies
- 10.1. In the plastid, chlorophyll molecules are embedded in the:
- A.
Stroma
- B.
Cristae
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Protoplast
- E.
Grana
- 11.1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plant mitochondria?
- A.
Mobility within the cell
- B.
Two surrounding membranes
- C.
Circular DNA molecules
- D.
Chlorophyll in the cristae
- E.
Ribosomes in the liquid matrix
- 12.1. The process of respiration occurs in:
- A.
The endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Chloroplasts
- D.
The nucleus
- E.
Vacuoles
- 13.1. An example of a microbody is a:
- A.
Leucoplast
- B.
Basal body
- C.
Peroxisome
- D.
Vacuole
- E.
Microtubule
- 14.
- A.
They are storage sites for metabolites
- B.
They are filled with cell sap
- C.
They have functions comparable to those of lysosomes
- D.
They often fill much of the interior of a mature plant cell
- E.
They contain deposits of carotenoid pigments
- 15.1. The __________ is a membrane system for channeling materials to different parts of the cell.
- A.
Plasma membrane
- B.
Golgi body
- C.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- D.
Cytoskeleton
- E.
Flagellum
- 16.1. Which of the following is NOT an ergastic substance
- A.
A lipid droplet
- B.
A tannin
- C.
A starch grain
- D.
An ATP molecule
- E.
An anthrocyanin
- 17.
- A.
Primary wall, secondary wall, middle lamella
- B.
Secondary wall, primary wall, middle lamella
- C.
Primary wall, middle lamella, secondary wall
- D.
Secondary wall, middle lamella, primary wall
- E.
Middle lamella, primary wall, secondary wall.
- 18.1. C.B. van Neil was the first to propose that:
- A.
Photosynthesis occurs in two phases
- B.
Water is the source of oxygen in photosynthesis
- C.
Plants evolve oxygen during photosynthesis
- D.
Purple sulfur bacteria evolve oxygen during photosynthesis
- E.
The light-dependent reactions are carried out by enzymes
- 19.1. The conversion of carbon dioxide into organic compounds is called:
- A.
The light–dependent reaction
- B.
Photolysis
- C.
Cyclic photophosphorylation
- D.
Carbon fixation
- E.
C3 Photosynthesis
- 20.1. Which of the following statements about visible light is NOT correct?
- A.
It is merely one part of a continuous spectrum of radiation
- B.
It is composed of photons
- C.
It has the properties of both a wave and a particle.
- D.
The longer the wavelength, the higher the energy of light
- E.
Visible light accounts for most of the radiation reaching the surface of the earth.
- 21.The process of photosynthesis results in the formation of two substances essential to our existence:
- A.
Chlorophyll and water.
- B.
Electrons and protons.
- C.
Sugar and oxygen.
- D.
Sugar and water.
- E.
Chlorophyll and oxygen.
- 22.The O2 evolved in photosynthesis comes from:
- A.
Carbon dioxide
- B.
Water
- C.
Glucose
- D.
CH20
- E.
C3H3O3
- 23.Chlorophyll absorbs light principally in the ______ wavelengths.
- A.
Blue and green
- B.
Green and violet
- C.
Blue violet
- D.
Violet and green
- E.
Green and red
- 24.Which pigment occurs in all photosynthetic eukaryotes?
- A.
Chlorophyll a
- B.
Chlorophyll b
- C.
Chlorophyll c
- D.
Bacteriochlorophyll
- E.
Chlorobium Chlorophyll
- 25.Which of the following is NOT an accessory pigment in plants, green algae, and euglenoid algae?
- A.
Carotenes
- B.
Xanthophylls
- C.
Chlorophyll a
- D.
Chlorophyll b
- E.
Chlorophyll c
- 26.The primary function of ______ is as an anti-oxidant.
- A.
Chlorophyll a
- B.
Carotenoids
- C.
Phycobilins
- D.
Bacteriochlorophyll
- E.
Chlorobium chlorophyll
- 27.Following photolysis, the resulting protons are released into the ______, contributing to the proton gradient across the ______ membrane.
- A.
Lumen of the thylakoid; thylakoid
- B.
Chloroplast stroma; outer chloroplast
- C.
Chloroplast stroma; thylakoid
- D.
Chloroplast matrix; inner chloroplast
- E.
Cytosol; inner mitochondrial
- 28.The reduction of NADP+ is associated with:
- A.
Photosystem I.
- B.
Photosystem II.
- C.
The photosynthetic electron transport chain.
- D.
Cyclic electron flow.
- E.
The water-splitting enzyme.
- 29.The Calvin cycle takes place in the:
- A.
Lumen of the thylakoid.
- B.
Chloroplast stroma
- C.
Thylakoid membrane.
- D.
Cytoplasm.
- E.
Mitochondrial matrix.
- 30.Because the first detectable product of the Calvin cycle is ______, the cycle is also known as the ______ pathway.
- A.
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate; C5
- B.
Oxaloacetate; C4
- C.
3-phosphoglycerate; C3
- D.
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; C3
- E.
Rubisco; C4
- 31.Carbon dioxide is “fixed” by bonding to:
- A.
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
- B.
3-phosphoglycerate.
- C.
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate.
- D.
NADP+.
- E.
ADP.
- 32.In the Calvin cycle, 3-phosphoglycerate is reduced to:
- A.
Sucrose
- B.
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate.
- C.
Rubisco
- D.
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
- E.
An unstable six-carbon compound.
- 33.In the C4 pathway, the enzyme PEP carboxylase:
- A.
Uses O2 as a substrate.
- B.
Uses CO2 as a substrate.
- C.
Operates inefficiently when the CO2 concentration is low.
- D.
Is active only in the chloroplasts of mesophyll cells.
- E.
Catalyzes the formation of oxaloacetate.
- 34.Which of the following statements about CAM plants is FALSE?
- A.
Not all CAM plants are succulent.
- B.
All CAM plants are flowering plants.
- C.
They use both C3 and C4 pathways.
- D.
They are dependent on nighttime accumulation of CO2 for photosynthesis.
- E.
Their water-use efficiency is higher than that of C3 and C4 plants.
- 35.Which of the following statements about fungi is FALSE?
- A.
They are heterotrophic organisms.
- B.
Most are multicellular.
- C.
They are more closely related to plants than to animals.
- D.
The largest living organism may be a fungus.
- E.
Only the insects have a greater number of species.
- 36.Hyphae are types of fungal:
- A.
Spores
- B.
Zygotes
- C.
Storage products
- D.
Filaments
- E.
Cell wall components
- 37.Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is FALSE?
- A.
They lack membrane-bounded organelles.
- B.
They have a single, circular chromosome in the nucleoid.
- C.
They have a simple cytoskeleton.
- D.
They may contain extra chromosomal DNA as plasmids.
- E.
They lack a nuclear envelope.
- 38.Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are distinguished by differences in their:
- A.
Plasma membranes.
- B.
Cell walls.
- C.
Storage materials.
- D.
Size.
- E.
Shape.
- 39.The procambium is the precursor of the:
- A.
Epidermis.
- B.
Ground tissues.
- C.
Protodem.
- D.
Xylem and phloem.
- E.
Primary meristems.
- 40.In contrast to derivatives, initials:
- A.
Differentiate more quickly.
- B.
Are located in the shoot apical meristem.
- C.
Are located in the root apical meristem.
- D.
Undergo cell division.
- E.
Give rise to more initials and derivatives.
- 41.From which primary meristem does sclerenchyma develop?
- A.
Parenchyma
- B.
Collenchyma
- C.
Procambium
- D.
Ground meristem
- E.
Protoderm
- 42.In vascular plants, food is conducted through:
- A.
Companion cells only.
- B.
Sieve cells only.
- C.
Sieve-tube elements only.
- D.
Sieve cells and sieve-tube elements only.
- E.
Companion cells, sieve cells, and sieve-tube elements.
- 43.Stomata are the ______ between ______.
- A.
Cells; subsidiary cells
- B.
Cells; guard cells
- C.
Pores; guard cells
- D.
Pores; subsidiary cells
- E.
Pores; trichomes
- 44.Which of the following is NOT part of the periderm?
- A.
Phellem
- B.
Phellogen
- C.
Phelloderm
- D.
Epidermis
- E.
Cork cambium
- 45.The two primary functions of roots are:
- A.
Conduction and protection.
- B.
Storage and conduction.
- C.
Anchorage and storage.
- D.
Anchorage and absorption.
- E.
Anchorage and conduction.
- 46.The principal functions of the stem are:
- A.
Support and photosynthesis.
- B.
Photosynthesis and conduction.
- C.
Conduction and support.
- D.
Photosynthesis and storage.
- E.
Storage and absorption.
- 47.Which of the following statements about secondary growth is FALSE?
- A.
It results from the activity of the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.
- B.
It is responsible for the increase in girth of a plant.
- C.
It can occur simultaneously with primary growth.
- D.
Most monocots exhibit considerable secondary growth.
- E.
Herbaceous plants undergo little or no secondary growth.
- 48.In plants, necrosis is the:
- A.
Localized death of tissues.
- B.
Yellowing of leaves.
- C.
Loss of chlorophyll.
- D.
Development of tumors.
- E.
Healing of wounds.
- 49.Cation exchange in soils is important because:
- A.
Cations are more crucial to the plant than anions.
- B.
Cations can exchange with anions that are used by the plant.
- C.
Cations prevent anions from binding to colloidal particles.
- D.
Exchangeable ions are not lost with leaching water.
- E.
Potential harmful exchangeable ions are leached away from the roots.
- 50.The chief reservoir of nitrogen is:
- A.
The soil.
- B.
The ocean.
- C.
Living organisms.
- D.
Dead organic material.
- E.
The atmosphere.
- 51.______ releases energy that is used by bacteria to reduce carbon dioxide.
- A.
Ammonification
- B.
Nitrogen fixation
- C.
Nitrification
- D.
Conversion of nitrite to ammonium
- E.
Nitrogen mineralization
- 52.Nitrite is oxidized to nitrate by:
- A.
Nitrosomonas.
- B.
Nitrobacter.
- C.
Ammonifying bacteria and fungi.
- D.
Denitrifying bacteria.
- E.
Plant roots.
- 53.Which of the following is(are) a product of denitrification?
- A.
NH4+
- B.
NO3−
- C.
NO2−
- D.
N2
- E.
Amino acids
- 54.In the process of stomatal closing, which of the following events occurs first?
- A.
Water moves out of guard cells.
- B.
Water moves into guard cells.
- C.
Guard cell turgor pressure decreases.
- D.
Guard cell solute concentration declines.
- E.
Guard cell water potential increases.
- 55.Where are carnivorous plants such as Nepenthes and Saracenia found?
- A.
Desert areas
- B.
Bogs and closed environmental niches
- C.
Street corners
- D.
Artic areas
- E.
None of the above
Back to top
