Botany Lab Exam
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BOTANY LAB EXAM This test will take test your skills on laboratory information. You will need to know structures, taxonomy, adaptations found on all organisms observed under microscope or models.
- 1.The endosperm is the food source in plants during photosynthesis
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 2.What kind of fruit is derived from several to many pistols that are fused at maturity?
- A.
Aggregate fruits
- B.
Multiple fruits
- 3.What kind of fruit is derived from multiple flowers in a single inflorescence?
- A.
Aggregate fruits
- B.
Multiple fruits
- 4.Nuts are a type of fruits
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 5.What type of fruit splits when it is mature? ie beans
- A.
Dehiscent
- B.
Indehiscent
- 6.Of the dehiscent fruits, what type splits along two sides/seams
- A.
Legumes
- B.
Siliques
- C.
Capsules
- 7.The endocarp is the skin of a fruit
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 8.What is the fleshy tissue in a fruit
- A.
Exocarp
- B.
Mesocarp
- C.
Endocarp
- 9.What type of fruit has a single seed enclosed by a hard stony endocarp/pit
- A.
Berry
- B.
Phome
- C.
Drupe
- 10.What type of fruit has a fleshy pericarp and contains more than one seed
- A.
Berry
- B.
Hesperidium
- C.
Pepo
- 11.What kind of fruit is the pumpkin family in?
- A.
Phome
- B.
Pepo
- C.
Hesperidium
- 12.In Coniferophyta the male gametophyte has one pollen tube and 2 sperm cells
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 13.A ______ endosperm- nutritive tissue
- A.
Diplid
- B.
Haplid
- C.
Triploid
- 14.A monoecious plant has different homes (reside on different plants) for each sex
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 15.Flowers can occur singly or in clusters
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.Cross pollination is when pollen from an anther is transferred to a stigma of the same flower or plant
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.Sporophylls are highly modified leaves
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 18.An ovule contains a _______which contains nucellus and a megasporocyte.
- 19.Ginkophyta trees are monoecious
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 20.Ginkophyta mature seed enclosed with a fleshy seed coat give off what kind of odor?
- A.
Fruity odor
- B.
Vomit odor
- C.
Perfume odor
- 21.What phylum is closely related to angiosperms
- A.
Ginkophyta
- B.
Cycadophyta
- C.
Gnetophyta
- 22.Red algae is used in soups, carrageenan, and agar
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 23.Red algae is unicellular
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 24.Diatomaceous earth is sedimentary rock made from algae skeletons
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 25.All Euglena species are heterotrophic
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 26.________ Euglena become ________ in the dark, and they resume their __________ behavior when returned to light
- A.
Autotrophic, heterotrophic, autotrophic
- B.
Heterotrophic, autotrophic, heterotrophic
- C.
Autotrophic, heterotrophic, heterotrophic
- 27.What part of a euglenoid propels it?
- A.
Contractile vacuole
- B.
Polysaccharides
- C.
Flagella
- 28.Archegonia
- A.
Male
- B.
Female
- 29.Antheridia
- A.
Male
- B.
Female
- 30.In ferns ____ is the dominant phase
- A.
Sporophyte
- B.
Gametophyte
- 31.Sporangia are found on top surface of the fronds
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 32.What is the name of the knoblike tissue that anchors the sporophyte to the gametophyte?
- A.
Seta
- B.
Foot
- C.
Capsule
- 33.Marchantia need what for fertilization
- A.
Air
- B.
Water
- C.
Animals/insects
- 34.What characteristic do all angiosperms have in common?
- A.
They contain naked seeds.
- B.
They contain a protected seed within a flower.
- C.
They need water for the sperm to swim to the egg.
- D.
They do not have a vascular system.
- 35.If the seed has two distinct cotyledons, is this considered a monocot or a dicot?
- A.
Dicot
- B.
Monocot
- 36.Which gymnosperm division has the most economically useful species?
- A.
Gnetophytes
- B.
Conifers
- C.
Cycads
- D.
Ginko
- 37.Pine trees fall into which gymnosperm division?
- A.
Ginko
- B.
Cycads
- C.
Conifers
- D.
Gnetophytes
- 38.How does a moss differ from a fern.
- A.
Moss roots grow vertically as well as horizontally. Fern roots only grow horizontally.
- B.
Moss has vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) whereas ferns do not.
- C.
Ferns have vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) whereas moss does not.
- D.
There is no difference between the two- they are actually synonyms.
- 39.Angiosperms are broken down further into two groups: monocots and ______________.
- A.
Diatoms
- B.
Diamonds
- C.
Diagonals
- D.
Dicots
- 40.Which is older (in terms of evolutionary discent)? Gymnosperms or angiosperms? (choose one)
- A.
Gymnosperms
- B.
Angiosperms
- 41.Which division of plants causes horrible symptoms for allergy sufferers?
- A.
Cycads
- B.
Ginkos
- C.
Gnetophytes
- D.
Conifers
- 42.Root hairs are extensions of which of the following kinds of cells?
- A.
Cortical
- B.
Xylem
- C.
Phloem
- D.
Epidermal
- E.
Meristematic
- 43.During germination in most angiosperm seeds, food for the growing embryo is provided by the
- A.
Microgametophyte
- B.
Female gametophyte
- C.
Endosperm
- D.
Hypocotyl
- E.
Ovary
- 44.Phototropism in plants is mediated by what plant growth substance?
- A.
Auxin
- B.
Colchicine
- C.
Chlorophyll
- D.
Ethylene
- E.
Lenticels
- 45.Flowering plants are capable of fertilization in the absence of water because the
- A.
Process of pollination and fertilization occur in the soil
- B.
Pollen tubes deliver the sperm to the eggs
- C.
Eggs develop without sperm by parthenogenesis
- D.
Eggs have a structure that aids in their dispersal by wind
- E.
Sperm contain large amounts of cytoplasm
- 46.In plants, the cells in which the greatest quantity of soil nutrients are translocated by
- A.
Companion cells
- B.
Tracheids
- C.
Trichomes
- D.
Sieve-tube elements
- E.
Vessel elements
- 47.Which of the following most directly controls the flowering response in short-day plants?
- A.
Length of the light period
- B.
Length of the dark period
- C.
Relative amount of blue light available during the light period
- D.
Intensity of light during the light period
- E.
Air temperature during the dark period
- 48.The result of meiosis in angiosperms is the production of
- A.
Gametes
- B.
A haploid sporophyte
- C.
A diploid sporophyte
- D.
A diploid gametophyte
- E.
Haploid megaspores and microspores
- 49.Sieve cells differ from tracheids in that only sieve cell are
- A.
Considered living cells
- B.
Involved in transporting water and ions
- C.
Found in vascular plants
- D.
Found in the outer cortex of the stem
- E.
Found in the center of the stem
- 50.Which of the following tissue types gives rise to all other plant tissue?
- A.
Parenchyma
- B.
Sclerenchyma
- C.
Collenchyma
- D.
Xylem
- E.
Phloem
- 51.Only female gametes are produced in which of the following structures?
- A.
Antheridia
- B.
Stamens
- C.
Protonemata
- D.
Flowers
- E.
Archegonia
- 52.In angiosperms, the endosperm functions in
- A.
Pollen formation
- B.
Fruit formation
- C.
Seed coat formation
- D.
Nourishment of the embryo
- E.
Direction of the growth of the pollen tube
- 53.The fruit produced by angiosperms is an evolutionary adaptation that most often
- A.
Nourishes the seeds within the fruit on ripening
- B.
Aids in seed dispersal
- C.
Attracts pollinators
- D.
Inhibits seed germination until favorable environmental conditions occur
- E.
Provides an energy source for the plant egg cell prior to fertilization
- 54.Plant stems bend toward a light source as a result of increased
- A.
Chlorophyll synthesis on the side of the stem near the light source
- B.
Cell division on the side of the stem near the light source
- C.
Cell division on the side of the stem away from the light source
- D.
Cell elongation on the side of the stem near the light source
- E.
Cell elongation on the side of the stem away from the light source
- 55.In plants, the initiation of flowering in response to photoperiod is triggered by changes in
- A.
Ethylene
- B.
Auxin
- C.
Gibberellic acid
- D.
Phytochrome
- E.
Cytokinin
- 56.Which of the following describes the mechanism by which a plant stem grows toward light?
- A.
The plant seeks light in order to maximize photosynthesis
- B.
Nervelike impulses stimulate contractile cells on the lighted side of the stem.
- C.
Cells on the dark side of the stem elongate more than those on the lighted side.
- D.
The plant grows into an open area where its leaves will not be shaded by competing plants.
- E.
The greater energy supply on the lighted side of the stem stimulates metabolism and growth on that side.
- 57.Fruits often ripen faster when placed in closed paper bags because of the effect of
- A.
Cytokinin
- B.
Abscisic acid
- C.
CO2
- D.
Gibberellin
- E.
Ethylene
- 58.A major function of the Casparian strip of the endodermal cells of a root is to
- A.
Protect the meristem as the root tip grows through the abrasive soil particles
- B.
Allow for expansion of the vascular cambium as the root grows laterally
- C.
Control the movement of materials into the vascular cylinder of the root
- D.
Initiate lateral root growth
- E.
Serve as a site for the storage of excess sugars in the form of starch
- 59.Which of the following is primarily responsible for cell elongation, gravitropism, and apical dominance in plants?
- A.
Auxin
- B.
Gibberellin
- C.
Cytokinin
- D.
Phytochrome
- E.
Ethylene
- 60.Is the loss of water vapor through stomata
- A.
Root pressure
- B.
Transpiration
- C.
Translocation
- D.
Adhesion
- E.
Guttation
- 61.+ and - nuclei fuse
- 62.Diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei
- 63.Type of Fungi: coenocytic(no septa). produce sporangiospores and zygospores pathogens are present in this group
- 64.Type of Fungi: Sac fungi, have septate, produce ascospores, and conidiospores ex: pcn
- 65.Club fungi/ septate/ prdouce basidiospores and sometimes conidiospores. ex: mushrooms and pathogens
- 66.Move by flagella phot/autotrophs can be parasitic
- 67.
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Word Bank: Stamen, Filament, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and SepalIdentify B - 68.
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Word Bank: Stamen, Filament, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and Sepal Identify C - 69.
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Word Bank: Stamen, Filament, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and SepalIdentify D - 70.
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Word Bank: Pistil/Carpel, Stamen, Filament, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and Sepal Identify E - 71.
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Word Bank: Stamen, Filament, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and SepalIdentify F - 72.
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Word Bank: Stamen, Filament, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and SepalIdentify G - 73.
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Word Bank: Stamen, Filament, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and SepalIdentify H - 74.
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Word Bank: Stamen, Filament, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and SepalIdentify I - 75.
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Which labeled structure shown in Figure 24-4 receives pollen during pollination? - 76.
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Which labeled part of the flower in Figure 24-4 produces pollen grains? - 77.
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Word Bank: Stamen, Filament, Petal, Anther, Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule, and Sepal Identify J - 78.
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Which Labeled structure in Figure 24-4 is most likely to be brightly colored? - 79.
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Which structures labeled shown in Figure 24-4 are the male parts? - 80.
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Which labeled parts are the female parts? - 81.Flagellated motile colonial form contailing 1000 cells
- A.
Volvox
- B.
Ulothrix
- 82.In sexual reproduction, opposite mating types align side by side and form projections that grow toward each other to form a conjugation tube
- A.
Ulothrix
- B.
Eudorina
- C.
Spirogyra
- D.
Volvox
- E.
Chlaydomonas
- 83.Amoeboid male gamete moves through conjugation tube to fuse with passive female gamete which results in a zygospore
- A.
Spirogyra
- B.
Liverwort
- C.
Volvox
- D.
Ulothrix
- 84.In mosses and liverworts, male antheridia produce______ and female archegonia produce_____.
- A.
- mating strain, + mating strain
- B.
Gamete, gamete
- C.
Swimming sperm, eggs
- D.
Mosses do not have antheridia or archegonia
- E.
Liverworts do not have antheridia or archegonia
- 85.Choose all true of ferns
- A.
Tracheophyte
- B.
Vascular system of xylem and phloem
- C.
Gametophyte is dominant stage
- D.
Male cones are pollen cones
- E.
Sori found on the underside of fronds that produce spores through meiosis
- 86.Sori are found in
- A.
Conifers
- B.
Horsetails
- C.
Ferns
- D.
Lycophytes
- 87.Fronds are found in
- A.
Horsetails
- B.
Ferns
- C.
Conifers
- D.
Lycophytes
- 88.Leaves that arise from rhizome
- A.
Rhizoids
- B.
Sorus
- C.
Phloem
- D.
Fronds
- E.
Endosymbiont
- 89.Pollen is
- A.
Haploid
- B.
Diploid
- 90.Pollen grains are also called
- A.
Pollen
- B.
Microspores
- C.
Microsporangia
- D.
Microgametophytes
- 91.Microsporangia are present in
- A.
Microspores
- B.
Microgametophytes
- C.
Ovaries
- D.
Ovules
- E.
Microsporophyll
- 92.Microspores are produced by
- A.
Microsporangia
- B.
Microgametophytes
- C.
Microsporophyll
- 93.Microspores divide by mitosis to form
- A.
Microsporangia
- B.
Microsporophylls
- C.
Pollen grains
- D.
Microgametophytes
- E.
C and D
- 94.When pollen reached female cones, it germinates and grows into the ovule and releases two sperm nuclei
- A.
Conifer
- B.
Cycad
- C.
Ginkgo biloba
- D.
Gnetales
- 95.When female cone is fertilized, one sperm disintegrates; the other fuses with egg to form a zygote
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 96.Seeds of cones
- A.
Haploid
- B.
Diploid
- 97.------ occurs when pollen is transferred from stamens to the carpel by wind, animals, or insects
- 98.The plant cells that most directly affect the rate of transpiration are
- A.
Sclerenchyma cells.
- B.
Parenchyma cells.
- C.
Sieve tube members.
- D.
Guard cells.
- 99.Water moves throughout a plant through
- A.
Phloem tissue.
- B.
Xylem tissue.
- C.
Cork cambium.
- D.
Casparian strip.
- 100.Which of the following is involved in the control of water movement into a plant vascular cylinder?
- A.
cortex
- B.
Epidermis
- C.
Casparian strip
- D.
Apical meristem
- 101.Which of these is a mutualistic association of plant roots and fungi?
- A.
Mushrooms
- B.
Mycorrhizae
- C.
Lichens
- D.
Hyphae
- E.
Sporangia
- 102.Sugar movement through a plant is best described as going from a _____________ to a ______________.
- A.
Hypotonic environment; isotonic environment
- B.
Source; sink
- C.
Sink; source
- D.
Isotonic environment; hypertonic environment
- 103.The primary purpose of root hairs is to
- A.
Fight off infections.
- B.
Increase absorption of sugars.
- C.
Increase absorption of water.
- D.
Anchor the plant to the soil.
- 104.Are Fungi Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic?
- A.
Eukaryotic
- B.
Prokaryotic
- 105.Fungi Cell walls are made of chitin and NOT cellulose
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 106.Coenocytic means that the nuclei in the hyphae are not separated from one another by crosswalls
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 107.Which of the following is true about Zygomycota's Asexual reproduction?
- A.
Certain hyphae grow upward and develop sporangia at their tips
- B.
Each sporangium produces black spores that are released
- 108.Which Phylum is known as the "sac" fungi?
- A.
Basidiomycota
- B.
Ascomycota
- C.
Deuteromycota
- 109.Which of the following are characteristics of Sexual reproduction in Ascomycota's?
- A.
A male antheridia is formed by one and female ascogonia by the other
- B.
The antheridia and ascognia grow together
- C.
The male nuclei migrate into the ascogonia but does not unite with the female nuclei
- D.
New hypahe whose cells each contain one male and one female nucleus, grow from the ascogonium
- E.
The nuclei of the terminal cell of the ascogenous hyphae fuse together to form a zygote nucleus
- 110.Which of the following are Harmful Ascomycota?
- A.
Dutch elm disease
- B.
Chestnut blight
- C.
Morels
- D.
European truffles
- E.
Yeast
- 111.Which of the following are club fungi? (Phylum Basidiomycota)
- A.
True mushrooms
- B.
Death Angel
- C.
Puffballs
- D.
Parasitic fungi such as rusts and smuts
- 112.Hyphae in Basidiomycota's have crosswalls
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 113.Asexual reproduction in Basidiomycota's is very common
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 114.Fungi are made up of filaments called
- 115.Organisms that must obtain their food from sources outside themselves
- A.
Scavangers
- B.
Saprophytes
- C.
Autotrophs
- D.
Heterotrophs
- 116.Edible algae cultivated by the japanese culture
- A.
Diatoms
- B.
Volvox
- C.
Agar
- D.
Nori
- 117.Organisms that manufacture its own food
- A.
Scavangers
- B.
Saprophytes
- C.
Autotrophs
- D.
Heterotrophs
- 118.Organisms that obtain their nutrition from dead organisms
- A.
Scavangers
- B.
Saprophytes
- C.
Autotroph
- D.
Heterotroph
- 119.Organisms that produce red tides
- A.
Red algae
- B.
Dinoflagellates
- C.
Shrimps
- D.
Sea grapes
- E.
Jenae
- 120.Generally classified as bacteria
- A.
Green algae
- B.
Dinoflagellates
- C.
Blue-green algae
- D.
Red algae
- 121.The volvox is one example of
- A.
Green algae
- B.
Yellow algae
- C.
Red algae
- D.
Blue algae
- 122.A fruit is a mature _______.
- 123.A fruit in which some additional parts are retained.
- 124.What is the name given to the ovary wall? This structure thickens and becomes differentiated into distinct layers.
- 125.Most fruits develop from one flower with only one pistil. What is this general fruit type?
- 126.Some fruits develop from one flower that has several pistils. What is the name of this general fruit type?
- 127.In a few species the ovaries of several distinct flowers fuse and form one fruit. Name this general fruit type.
- 128.Type of fleshy fruit that has one to several carpels, each of which is typically many seeded.
- 129.Type of fleshy fruit where there may be one to several carpels, but each carpel usually contains only a single seed.
- 130.Highly specialized fleshy fruit that is derived from a compound inferior ovary in which the fleshy portion comes largely from the enlarged base of the perianth.
- 131.Type of fruit in which the tissues of the mature ovary wall break open, freeing the seeds.
- 132.Fleshy tissue between the exocarp and endocarp.
- 133.The three regions of a fruit are collectively called the
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