Block 7 Male Femal Embryo BRS W Xpl

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| By Chachelly

Chachelly

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 528 | Total Attempts: 576,938

Questions: 14 | Attempts: 319 | Updated: Mar 15, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

The indifferent embryo begins phenotypic sexual differentiation during
- A.
  
  Week 3 of development
- B.
  
  Week 5 of development
- C.
  
  Week 7 of development
- D.
  
  Week 12 of development
- E.
  
  Week 12 of development
Correct Answer
C. Week 7 of development

Explanation
The embryo during weeks 1-6 remains in an indifferent or undifferentiated stage. The
embryo begins phenotypic sexual differentiation during week 7.

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2.

The indifferent embryo completes phenotypic sexual differentiation during
- A.
  
  Week 3 of development
- B.
  
  Week 5 of development
- C.
  
  Week 7 of development
- D.
  
  Week 12 of development
- E.
  
  Week 20 of development
Correct Answer
E. Week 20 of development

Explanation
By week 12, female and male characteristics can be recognized. By week 20, phenotypic sexual differentiation is complete.

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3.

After the sinovaginal bulbs have proliferated and fused, they form a solid core of endodermal cells called the
- A.
  
  Vestibule of the vagina
- B.
  
  Uterovaginal primordium
- C.
  
  Urogenital sinus
- D.
  
  Vaginal plate
- E.
  
  Clitoris
Correct Answer
D. Vaginal plate

Explanation
The sinovaginal bulbs proliferate, fuse, and form the vaginal plate under the inductive
influence of the paramesonephric ducts. The vaginal plate then canalizes to form the inferior two
thirds of the vagina.

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4.

A structure found within the adult female pelvis formed from the gubernaculum is the
- A.
  
  Broad ligament
- B.
  
  Suspensory ligament of the ovary
- C.
  
  Round ligament of the uterus
- D.
  
  Medial umbilical ligament
- E.
  
  Median umbilical ligament
Correct Answer
C. Round ligament of the uterus

Explanation
The round ligament of the uterus and the ovarian ligament both form from the gubernaculum.

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5.

The labia minora arise embryologically from which of the following structures?
- A.
  
  Phallus
- B.
  
  Labioscrotal swellings
- C.
  
  Sinovaginal bulbs
- D.
  
  Urogenital folds
- E.
  
  Paramesonephric duct
Correct Answer
D. Urogenital folds

Explanation
In the female, the urogenital folds remain unfused and form the labia minora.

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6.

The uterine tubes of the adult female are derived embryologically from which of the following?
- A.
  
  Mesonephric duct
- B.
  
  Mesonephric tubules
- C.
  
  Paramesonephric duct
- D.
  
  Paramesonephric tubules
- E.
  
  Uterovaginal primordium
Correct Answer
C. Paramesonephric duct

Explanation
The cranial portion of the paramesonephric ducts form the uterine tubes.

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7.

One day a 9-year-old girl surprisingly announces to her mother, "Guess what, mommy, I'm not a girl; I'm a boy." The mother is shocked but does not act on the comment. During the next few years, the mother notices some tomboyish behavior and difficulty in social adjustment at school. When the girl is 12 years old, puberty starts with a striking virilization of the external genitalia. The mother is extremely concerned and seeks medical attention. What is the most likely cause?
- A.
  
  Male pseudointersexuality
- B.
  
  Female pseudointersexuality
- C.
  
  Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- D.
  
  Testicular feminization
- E.
  
  Illegal use of anabolic steroids
- F.
  
  Too much liberal education from her radical feminist teachers
- G.
  
  An extreme case of penis envy
Correct Answer
A. Male pseudointersexuality

Explanation
Reduced levels of androgens during fetal development of a XY male fetus cause feminization of the male external genitalia such that the baby can be phenotypically mistaken for female. Parents raise the XY male baby as a girl until puberty or other medical problems bring the child to medical attention.

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8.

The most common cause of female pseudointersexuality is
- A.
  
  A 46,X0 genotype
- B.
  
  A 47,XXY genotype
- C.
  
  Lack of androgen receptors
- D.
  
  Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- E.
  
  Inadequate production of testosterone and miillerian-inhibiting factor (MIF)
Correct Answer
D. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Explanation
Female pseudointersex individuals have a 46,XX genotype. This condition is most commonly caused by congenital adrenal hyperplasia, in which the fetus produces excessive amounts of androgens. The high androgen level masculinizes the female genitalia.

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9.

The most common cause of male pseudointersexuality is
- A.
  
  A 45,X0 genotype
- B.
  
  A 47,XXY genotype
- C.
  
  Inadequate production of testosterone and MIF
- D.
  
  Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- E.
  
  Lack of androgen receptors
Correct Answer
C. Inadequate production of testosterone and MIF

Explanation
Male pseudointersex individuals have a 46,XY genotype. This condition is most commonly
caused by inadequate production of testosterone and MIF by the fetal testes. The low testosterone and MIF levels stunt the development of the male genitalia.

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10.

The most common cause of testicular feminization syndrome is
- A.
  
  A 45,X0 genotype
- B.
  
  A 47,XXY genotype
- C.
  
  Inadequate production of testosterone and MIF
- D.
  
  Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- E.
  
  Lack of androgen receptors
Correct Answer
E. Lack of androgen receptors

Explanation
The most common cause of testicular feminization syndrome is the lack of androgen receptors in the urogenital folds and labioscrotal swellings. Because these tissues lack androgen receptors, they are blind or unresponsive to androgens. Consequently, these tissues develop into
female external genitalia even though the fetus has a 46,XY genotype.

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11.

In the male, failure of the urethral folds to fuse completely results in
- A.
  
  Hypospadias
- B.
  
  Epispadias
- C.
  
  Cryptorchidism
- D.
  
  Congenital inguinal hernia
- E.
  
  Hydrocele
Correct Answer
A. Hypospadias

Explanation
Failure of the urethral folds to fuse completely results in the external urethral orifice opening onto the ventral surface of the penis, a condition known as hypospadias.

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12.

The Y chromosome carries a gene on its short arm that codes for
- A.
  
  Testosterone
- B.
  
  MIF
- C.
  
  Testes-determining factor (TDF)
- D.
  
  Progesterone
- E.
  
  Estrogen
Correct Answer
C. Testes-determining factor (TDF)

Explanation
The gene product that is coded on the short arm of the Y chromosome is called the testesdetermining factor (TDF).

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13.

Bilateral cryptorchidism usually results in
- A.
  
  Impotence
- B.
  
  Sterility
- C.
  
  Male pseudointersexuality
- D.
  
  Female pseudointersexuality
- E.
  
  Testicular feminization syndrome
Correct Answer
B. Sterility

Explanation
Sterility is a common result of bilateral cryptorchidism. When both testes fail to descend
into the scrotum, the increased temperature they are exposed to in the abdominal cavity inhibits
spermatogenesis.

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14.

A 17-year-old girl presents with a complaint of amenorrhea. Physical examination reveals good breast development and normal amount of pubic hair. A rudimentary vagina and a mobile mass within both the right and left labia majora are found on pelvic examination. Ultrasound reveals the absence of a uterus. What is the diagnosis?
- A.
  
  Testicular feminization syndrome
- B.
  
  Gonadal dysgenesis
- C.
  
  Cryptorchidism
- D.
  
  Female pseudointersexuality
- E.
  
  Hypospadias
Correct Answer
A. Testicular feminization syndrome

Explanation
This is a classic case of testicular feminization syndrome. A karyotype analysis would reveal that this normal-appearing 17-year-old girl actually has a 46,XY genotype. The mobile masses within the right and left labia majora are the testes and should be surgically removed because this tissue has a propensity toward malignant tumor formation. The most common cause of this syndrome is a lack of androgen receptors in the phallus, urogenital folds, and labioscrotal swellings.

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Block 7 Male Femal Embryo BRS W Xpl

The indifferent embryo begins phenotypic sexual differentiation during

The indifferent embryo completes phenotypic sexual differentiation during

After the sinovaginal bulbs have proliferated and fused, they form a solid core of endodermal cells called the

A structure found within the adult female pelvis formed from the gubernaculum is the

The labia minora arise embryologically from which of the following structures?

The uterine tubes of the adult female are derived embryologically from which of the following?

The most common cause of female pseudointersexuality is

The most common cause of male pseudointersexuality is

The most common cause of testicular feminization syndrome is

In the male, failure of the urethral folds to fuse completely results in

The Y chromosome carries a gene on its short arm that codes for

Bilateral cryptorchidism usually results in