Thorax Acad Success MCQ's

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  • 1/32 Questions

    Regarding the skeleton of the thorax                                            

    • The floating ribs are ribs 8-12
    • A typical rib consists of all of the following : head, a neck, a tubercle, and a shaft with its costal groove
    • The most typical rib is rib 1
    • A line through the sternal angle bisects the disc between vertebrae T2 and T3
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About This Quiz

Attempt these thorax acad success MCQs quiz questions and answers and check your knowledge for the same. The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans and various other animals located between the neck and the abdomen. It contains organs, including the heart, lungs, thymus gland, muscles, and various other internal structures. Take up this quiz and See moreget to learn more on this topic. Best of luck to you!

Thorax Acad Success MCQs - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Regarding the thoracic waII:

    • The subcostal muscles are best developed in the upper part of the thorax

    • The innermost intercostals are often regarded as parts of the external intercostal muscles

    • The anterior intercostal arteries are branches of the internal thoracic arteries

    • The intercostal nerves are the posterior rami of the 12 thoracic nerves

    Correct Answer
    A. The anterior intercostal arteries are branches of the internal thoracic arteries
    Explanation
    The anterior intercostal arteries are branches of the internal thoracic arteries. This means that the blood supply to the anterior (front) part of the intercostal spaces (the spaces between the ribs) is provided by branches of the internal thoracic arteries. These arteries run along the inner surface of the thoracic wall and give off branches that supply the muscles and tissues in the anterior part of the intercostal spaces.

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  • 3. 

    The conducting system of the heart comprises:

    • The sinuatrial node, His bundle, right and left branches

    • The sinuatrial node, atrioventricular node, His and Her bundle, superior and inferior crura

    • The atrioventricular and atrial nodes, His bundle, right and left crura

    • The sinuatrial node, atrioventricular node, His bundle, right and left branches, and Purkinje fibers network

    • SA and AV node, His and Her bundle, anterior and posterior crura, Purkinje fibers and network

    Correct Answer
    A. The sinuatrial node, atrioventricular node, His bundle, right and left branches, and Purkinje fibers network
    Explanation
    The correct answer includes all the components of the conducting system of the heart, which are the sinuatrial node, atrioventricular node, His bundle, right and left branches, and Purkinje fibers network. These structures work together to coordinate and regulate the electrical signals that control the contraction and relaxation of the heart muscles, ensuring an efficient and coordinated pumping action.

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  • 4. 

    Which of the following is NOT considered a group within the axillary lymph node chain?

    • Humeral nodes

    • Deep cervical nodes

    • Apical nodes

    • Central nodes

    • Pectoral nodes

    Correct Answer
    A. Deep cervical nodes
    Explanation
    The axillary lymph node chain consists of several groups of lymph nodes located in the armpit region. The humeral nodes, apical nodes, central nodes, and pectoral nodes are all considered groups within the axillary lymph node chain. However, the deep cervical nodes are not part of this chain. Deep cervical nodes are located in the neck region and drain lymph from the head and neck area. Therefore, deep cervical nodes are not considered a group within the axillary lymph node chain.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following does NOT lie in the superior mediastinum?

    • Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Right recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Superior vena cava

    • Trachea

    • Esophagus

    Correct Answer
    A. Right recurrent laryngeal nerve
    Explanation
    The superior mediastinum is located in the upper part of the thoracic cavity, behind the manubrium of the sternum. It contains various structures including the superior vena cava, trachea, esophagus, and the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. The right recurrent laryngeal nerve, on the other hand, does not lie in the superior mediastinum. It descends into the thorax on the right side and loops around the subclavian artery. Therefore, the right recurrent laryngeal nerve is the correct answer as it does not belong to the structures found in the superior mediastinum.

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  • 6. 

    A tumor of the esophagus in the thorax would, if enlarged, most likely affect which part of the heart

    • Right atrium

    • Left atrium

    • Left ventricle

    • Right ventricle

    • Both ventricles

    Correct Answer
    A. Left atrium
    Explanation
    If a tumor of the esophagus in the thorax were to enlarge, it would likely affect the left atrium of the heart. The esophagus is located behind the heart in the thorax, and if the tumor grows in size, it could potentially compress or invade the left atrium, leading to various cardiovascular complications.

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  • 7. 

    A tumor or growth in the area of the ligamentum arteriosum would most likely involve which of the following structures:

    • Right phrenic nerve

    • Left phrenic nerve

    • Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Right recurrent laryngeaI nerve

    • Right vagus nerve

    Correct Answer
    A. Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
    Explanation
    A tumor or growth in the area of the ligamentum arteriosum would most likely involve the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus, which is located near the aorta and pulmonary artery. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around the ligamentum arteriosum, so a tumor in this area could potentially compress or damage the nerve. The other structures listed (right phrenic nerve, left phrenic nerve, right recurrent laryngeal nerve, and right vagus nerve) are not directly associated with the ligamentum arteriosum and would be less likely to be involved in this scenario.

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  • 8. 

    A sharp knife wound starting at and including the external intercostal muscle would penetrate how many layers before hitting the lung tissue itself (include only tissue layers):

    • Four

    • Five

    • Six

    • Seven

    • Eight

    Correct Answer
    A. Six
    Explanation
    A sharp knife wound starting at and including the external intercostal muscle would penetrate six layers before hitting the lung tissue itself.

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  • 9. 

    The groove for the subclavian vein and artery are associated with

    • First rib

    • Second rib

    • Third rib

    • Eight rib

    • Clavicle

    Correct Answer
    A. First rib
    Explanation
    The groove for the subclavian vein and artery is associated with the first rib. This is because the subclavian vein and artery pass through the thoracic outlet, which is formed by the first rib, clavicle, and the superior border of the scapula. The first rib provides a bony landmark for the passage of these blood vessels.

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  • 10. 

    Which one of the following is not associated with right atrium (or auricle):

    • Fossa ovalis

    • Atrioventricular node

    • Opening of coronary Sinus

    • Musculi pectinati

    • Trabeculae carnae

    Correct Answer
    A. Trabeculae carnae
    Explanation
    trabeculae are in ventricles

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  • 11. 

    A knife wound into the heart, at the level of the fifth left intercostal space, near the sternum, would penetrate all of the following layers except:

    • Fibrous pericardium

    • Serous visceral pericardium

    • Serous parietal pericardium

    • Visceral and parietal pleura

    • Pericardial cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Visceral and parietal pleura
    Explanation
    A knife wound into the heart at the level of the fifth left intercostal space, near the sternum, would penetrate the fibrous pericardium, serous visceral pericardium, serous parietal pericardium, and the pericardial cavity. However, it would not penetrate the visceral and parietal pleura. The pleura is the membrane that covers the lungs and lines the inside of the chest cavity. It is separate from the pericardium, which surrounds the heart. Therefore, a knife wound in this location would not affect the pleura.

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  • 12. 

    Which one of the following statements is not true of the thoracic duct:

    • Extends from upper abdomen to neck

    • Found in the posterior mediastinum

    • Associated with the cisterna chili

    • Drains both right and left sides of the thorax

    • Usually ascends to the right of the thoracic aorta

    Correct Answer
    A. Drains both right and left sides of the thorax
    Explanation
    The thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic vessel in the body and is responsible for draining lymph from the lower limbs, abdomen, left side of the thorax, left upper limb, and left side of the head and neck. It does not drain the right side of the thorax, as this is the function of the right lymphatic duct. Therefore, the statement "drains both right and left sides of the thorax" is not true of the thoracic duct.

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  • 13. 

    The septamarginaItrabecula (moderator band) is associated with the:

    • Right atrium

    • Right ventricle

    • Left atrium

    • Left ventricle

    • Base of heart

    Correct Answer
    A. Right ventricle
    Explanation
    The septomarginal trabecula, also known as the moderator band, is a muscular structure found in the right ventricle of the heart. It extends from the interventricular septum to the base of the anterior papillary muscle. Its purpose is to support the conduction system of the heart and help coordinate the contraction of the ventricles. Therefore, the correct answer is right ventricle.

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  • 14. 

    The posterior intercostaIarteries are branches of

    • The internal thoracic artery

    • The subclavian artery

    • The aorta

    • The highest intercostal artery

    • The thoraco-acromial artery

    Correct Answer
    A. The aorta
    Explanation
    The posterior intercostal arteries are branches of the aorta.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following is not true for the greater splanchnic nerve:

    • Consists of preganglionic sympathetic fibers

    • The fibers can be found in the posterior mediastinum

    • Branches arise from the 9th to the 10th sympathetic ganglion region

    • Fibers come from the spinal cord via white rami without synapse

    • Fibers terminate in the celiac (prevertebral) ganglion

    Correct Answer
    A. Branches arise from the 9th to the 10th sympathetic ganglion region
    Explanation
    The greater splanchnic nerve consists of preganglionic sympathetic fibers that come from the spinal cord via white rami without synapse. The fibers can be found in the posterior mediastinum and terminate in the celiac (prevertebral) ganglion. However, the statement that branches arise from the 9th to the 10th sympathetic ganglion region is not true.

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  • 16. 

    Select the correct statement

    • The breast directly overlies the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles

    • The superolateral quadrant of the breast is a frequent site of mammary tumors

    • The mammary gland is extremely vascular and supplied mainly by the superior thoracic artery

    • The venous drainage of the breast indicate the nervous pathways

    • The lymphatic vessels of the areola and nipple drain lymph primarily toward the rectus sheath

    Correct Answer
    A. The superolateral quadrant of the breast is a frequent site of mammary tumors
    Explanation
    The superolateral quadrant of the breast is a frequent site of mammary tumors. This means that tumors in the breast are commonly found in the upper outer area of the breast. This information is important for medical professionals as it helps them in identifying and diagnosing breast tumors. By understanding the common location of tumors, healthcare providers can perform targeted examinations and screenings in order to detect and treat breast cancer at an early stage.

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  • 17. 

    An esophageal aneurysm (marked dilation) would most likely affect which part of the heart directly

    • Left ventricle

    • Right ventricle

    • Left atrium

    • Right atrium

    • Left auricle

    Correct Answer
    A. Left atrium
    Explanation
    An esophageal aneurysm refers to the abnormal dilation of the esophagus, which is a part of the digestive system and not directly related to the heart. Therefore, it is not clear how an esophageal aneurysm would directly affect any part of the heart. As a result, an explanation for the given correct answer is not available.

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  • 18. 

    The mitral (bicuspid) valve is best heard:

    • Over the left second intercostal space

    • Over the right second intercostal space

    • Over the lower part of the sternal body

    • Over the mid-portion of the sternum

    • Over the fifth left Intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line

    Correct Answer
    A. Over the fifth left Intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line
    Explanation
    The mitral (bicuspid) valve is best heard over the fifth left intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line. This is because the mitral valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle, and the fifth left intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line is the area where the valve's sound is most easily heard.

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  • 19. 

    A bullet shot into the lateral chest wall through an intercostal space would perforate immediately which of the following after passing through the parietal pleura:

    • Innermost intercostal muscle

    • Potential pleural cavity

    • Internal Intercostal muscle

    • Endothoracic fascia

    • Pericardial cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Potential pleural cavity
    Explanation
    After passing through the parietal pleura, a bullet shot into the lateral chest wall would perforate the potential pleural cavity. The potential pleural cavity is the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, which are the two layers of the pleura that line the lungs and the chest wall respectively. The bullet would enter this space, potentially causing damage to the lungs or other structures within the thoracic cavity.

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  • 20. 

    Which one of the following is not associated with the posterior mediastinum

    • Vagus nerve

    • Esophagus

    • Thoracic duct

    • Azygos vein

    • Phrenic nerve

    Correct Answer
    A. Phrenic nerve
    Explanation
    The phrenic nerve is not associated with the posterior mediastinum. The posterior mediastinum is located behind the pericardium and contains structures such as the esophagus, thoracic duct, azygos vein, and vagus nerve. The phrenic nerve, on the other hand, is not located in the posterior mediastinum but rather in the anterior mediastinum. It originates from the cervical spine and innervates the diaphragm, playing a crucial role in breathing.

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  • 21. 

    A 60-year-old construction worker was admitted to the hospital with severe shortness of breath (dyspnea) and great difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia). The patient states he has suffered increased difficulty and pain in swallowing for over six month, has subsisted on a liquid diet and lost thirty pounds. His sputum is bloodtinged and for the last few weeks he has become hoarse. X-ray examination of chest reveals a widening of the mediastinum and fluoroscopy shows obstruction of esophagus at level of tracheal bifurcation, Diagnosis: cancer of esophagus with obstruction and metastatic Involvement of surrounding posterior mediastinal structures. The hoarseness was due to involvement of

    • Right vagus nerve

    • Right recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Left recurrent laryngeaI nerve

    • Left phrenic nerve

    • Greater splanchnic nerve

    Correct Answer
    A. Left recurrent laryngeaI nerve
    Explanation
    right recurrent laryngeal nerve is NOT in the mediastinum, it is above it. The LEFT gets hooked on the ligamentum arteriosum.

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  • 22. 

    An aneurysm (ballooning) of the arch of the aorta would most likely affect all except one of the following:

    • Left primary bronchus

    • Esophagus

    • Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Right recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Phrenic nerve

    Correct Answer
    A. Right recurrent laryngeal nerve
    Explanation
    An aneurysm of the arch of the aorta is likely to affect the left primary bronchus, esophagus, left recurrent laryngeal nerve, and phrenic nerve due to their proximity to the aorta. However, the right recurrent laryngeal nerve is not directly adjacent to the arch of the aorta, so it would not be affected by the aneurysm.

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  • 23. 

    The anterior intercostal arteries are branches of the:

    • Posterior intercostal arteries

    • Internal thoracic arteries

    • MediastinaI arteries

    • Highest intercostaI arteries

    • Subcostal arteries

    Correct Answer
    A. Internal thoracic arteries
    Explanation
    The anterior intercostal arteries are branches of the internal thoracic arteries. These arteries supply blood to the muscles and tissues of the anterior (front) part of the chest wall. The internal thoracic arteries are located on the inside of the thoracic cavity and give rise to several branches, including the anterior intercostal arteries. These arteries play a crucial role in providing oxygenated blood to the intercostal muscles and other structures in the front of the chest.

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  • 24. 

    Which of the following statements is incorrect:

    • The base of the heart if formed by the ventricles

    • The sternocostal surface of the heart is formed mainly by the right ventricle

    • The inner surfaces of both auricles of the heart are ridged by the musculi pectinate

    • The septomarginal trabecula (moderate band) contains Purkinje flbers from the right limb of the atrioventricular bundle

    • The cardiac skeleton surrounds the atrioventricular and semilunar openings giving attachment to the valves

    Correct Answer
    A. The base of the heart if formed by the ventricles
    Explanation
    Atria.....Atria....Atria

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  • 25. 

    Examination of a heart reveals an old and a new area of damage (infarction) caused by occlusion of the Circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. The damage is in the:

    • Right atrium and right ventricle

    • Left atrium and left ventricle

    • Left auricle and interventricular septum

    • Apex of the heart

    • Pulmonary artery

    Correct Answer
    A. Left atrium and left ventricle
    Explanation
    The examination of the heart reveals an old and a new area of damage caused by occlusion of the Circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. The left atrium and left ventricle are specifically mentioned as the areas of damage. This suggests that the occlusion of the Circumflex branch has affected the blood supply to the left side of the heart, resulting in infarction in the left atrium and left ventricle.

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  • 26. 

    The sternal angle is an important landmark. It is at the level of:

    • Cervical vertebra 7

    • Disc between thoracic vertebrae 2 and 3

    • Disc between thoracic vertebrae 4 and 5

    • Disc between thoracic vertebrae 6 and 7

    • Thoracic vertebra 7

    Correct Answer
    A. Disc between thoracic vertebrae 4 and 5
    Explanation
    The sternal angle, also known as the angle of Louis, is an important landmark in the thorax. It is formed by the articulation of the manubrium and the body of the sternum. It is located at the level of the disc between thoracic vertebrae 4 and 5. This landmark is commonly used as a reference point for counting ribs and locating other anatomical structures in the thoracic region.

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  • 27. 

    The major venous drainage of the heart is into the:

    • Thebesian veins

    • Anterior cardiac veins

    • Marginal veins

    • Coronary veins (sinus)

    • Inferior veins

    Correct Answer
    A. Coronary veins (sinus)
    Explanation
    The major venous drainage of the heart is into the coronary veins (sinus). The coronary veins collect deoxygenated blood from the myocardium and drain it into the right atrium of the heart. These veins are responsible for returning the blood that has supplied the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients back to the circulation. The other options listed, such as the thebesian veins, anterior cardiac veins, marginal veins, and inferior veins, are either incorrect or not the major venous drainage of the heart.

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  • 28. 

    Contents of the anterior mediastinum includes:

    • Trachea

    • Vagus nerve

    • Phrenic nerves

    • Internal thoracic vessels

    • Thymus

    Correct Answer
    A. Internal thoracic vessels
    Explanation
    thymus is correct in children,

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  • 29. 

    Which of the Following is not true of the greater splanchnic nerves :

    • Consist of myelinated fibers

    • Formed from contributions from the 5th to 9th thoracic ganglia

    • Are preganglionic parasympathetic nerves

    • Lie in the posterior mediastinum

    • Pierce the diaphragm to enter the celiac ganglion

    Correct Answer
    A. Are preganglionic parasympathetic nerves
    Explanation
    The greater splanchnic nerves consist of myelinated fibers and are formed from contributions from the 5th to 9th thoracic ganglia. They lie in the posterior mediastinum and pierce the diaphragm to enter the celiac ganglion. However, they are not preganglionic parasympathetic nerves.

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  • 30. 

    A tumor at the bifurcation of the trachea wouId affect aII except one of the following

    • Aortic arch

    • Superior vena cava

    • Esophagus

    • Right recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Deep cardiac plexus

    Correct Answer
    A. Right recurrent laryngeal nerve
    Explanation
    A tumor at the bifurcation of the trachea would affect all the structures mentioned except for the right recurrent laryngeal nerve. The aortic arch, superior vena cava, esophagus, and deep cardiac plexus are all located near the trachea and could potentially be affected by a tumor in that area. However, the right recurrent laryngeal nerve is not directly located at the bifurcation of the trachea and would therefore not be affected.

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  • 31. 

    Identify the correct statement regarding the parietal pleura:

    • Is in direct contact with the parietal layer of serous pericardium at the base of the heart

    • Has a rich sensory nerve supply where it reflects onto the surface of organs

    • Covers the entire thoracic surface of the diaphragm

    • Lines the costodiaphragmatic and costomediastinal recesses

    • Separates the phrenic nerves from the mediastinum

    Correct Answer
    A. Lines the costodiaphragmatic and costomediastinal recesses
    Explanation
    The correct statement regarding the parietal pleura is that it lines the costodiaphragmatic and costomediastinal recesses. This means that the parietal pleura forms a lining along the spaces between the ribs and the diaphragm, as well as the spaces between the ribs and the mediastinum.

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  • 32. 

    The sinus artery to the SA node is a branch of:

    • The circumflex artery

    • The left coronary artery

    • The anterior descending artery

    • The right coronary artery

    • The posterior descending artery

    Correct Answer
    A. The right coronary artery
    Explanation
    The sinus artery to the SA node is a branch of the right coronary artery. The SA node is responsible for initiating the electrical impulses that regulate the heart's rhythm. The right coronary artery supplies blood to the right side of the heart, including the SA node. Therefore, the right coronary artery is the correct answer as it provides the necessary blood supply to the SA node.

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  • May 01, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Nov 16, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    Chachelly

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