Dyspnea Symptoms And Causes Quiz! Trivia
(98).jpg "Dyspnea Symptoms And Causes Quiz! Trivia - Quiz")
Do you know what dyspnea is? Dyspnea is a common condition in which you feel like you cannot take a deep breath. Dyspnea can also be a sign that there is something more serious going on, such as heart disease or damage to the lungs. You can also experience it after a hard workout. If you are ready to take this quiz, take a deep breath and see what you know.
- 1.A 55 year old attorney crashes his bicycle during a spirited sprint for the city limits sign. He fractures his right clavicle in the fall. Four days later, while in his clavicle strap and an arm sling, he notes that his right hand is extremely swollen, which he thinks is probably normal. The next day he suddenly becomes very short of breath and has his wife take him to the Emergency Department. While performing your respiratory examination, which of the following are you most likely to find?
- A.
Tracheal deviation
- B.
A pleural friction rub
- C.
Unilateral hyperresonance on chest percussion
- D.
Crackles localized over the right mid-axillary line
- E.
Tachypnea
- 2.
A 34 yo male presents to the Emergency Department with an acute onset of SOB and the following CXR: His O2 saturation is 84%. He most likely has which type of respiratory failure?- A.
Hypoxemic
- B.
Hypercapnic
- C.
Compensated
- D.
ARDS
- E.
Mixed hypoxemic and hypercapnic
- 3.A patient with a long history of asthma reports to your office with shortness of breath. She is normally maintained on a daily corticosteroid inhaler and an albuterol inhaler which she uses for “rescue” about 4 times a month. Two days ago she noted that she had to increase her albuterol inhaler use to every 4 hours. This strategy is no longer providing her with relief. Which is the most ominous sign in a patient with an acute asthma attack?
- A.
Nervousness and pressure of speech
- B.
Tachypnea and tachycardia
- C.
Wheezing audible across the exam room
- D.
A silent chest
- E.
Inspiratory stridor
- 4.As a country doctor in rural Kentucky, you are always ready to help. Your neighbor, a 64-year-old heavy smoker and former coal miner develops a “chest cold”. His wife calls and asks you to visit him on your way home from the office one evening. You note that he is drowsy and he has central cyanosis. As someone who is always prepared, you carry a cylinder of 100% oxygen in your SUV. You administer 100% O2 by mask and take him in your vehicle to the hospital 40 miles away. By the time you get there, he is comatose. His ABGs show severe hypercapnia, though the PaO2 is high. Why did he get worse?
- A.
High FIO2 caused CO2 narcosis
- B.
He went into type I respiratory failure
- C.
He had a cardiac arrest
- D.
He had ARDS
- E.
He had a pulmonary embolism
- 5.One of your young patients develops flu like symptoms then rapidly deteriorates with increasing dyspnea and tachypnea. In the office you note diffuse wheezes on respiratory exam and her pulse oximetry is 89% on 100% O2. A STAT chest x ray shows diffuse patchy infiltrates. She is admitted to the hospital. What mechanical ventilator strategy is presently considered most appropriate for ARDS?
- A.
High tidal volume, high FIO2 to increase O2 saturations as soon as possible
- B.
High respiratory rate to facilitate lowering of CO2
- C.
Low respiratory rate to stimulate respiratory drive
- D.
Low tidal volume ventilation to reduce lung injury
- E.
Positive end expiratory pressure to prevent atelectasis
- 6.Mrs. Mulcahy presents to the emergency room with complaints of shortness of breath and generalized muscle weakness both of which have gradually worsened. She has received a recent MMR booster. Admission pO2 is 60mmHg. The most likely diagnosis would involve:
- A.
Disorder of the peripheral nervous system
- B.
Disorder of the alveoli
- C.
Disorder of the airways
- D.
Disorder of the central nervous system producing hypoventilation
- 7.What is the cause of late inspiratory crackles?
- A.
Small airways, deflated during expiration, pop open during inspiration
- B.
Air flows rapidly through bronchi narrowed nearly to closure
- C.
Air bubbles flow through secretions or slightly closed small airways during respiration
- D.
Air flows through secretions in large airways
- 8.Which one of the following patients has dyspnea?
- A.
A patient complaining of labored breathing
- B.
A patient with pink-colored skin, barrel chest, and tachypnea
- C.
) An unconscious patient with low blood pH and high pCO2
- D.
) A patient with fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea
- 9.Which one of the following conditions is characterized by tympany on chest percussion?
- A.
Bronchial asthma
- B.
Diaphragmatic hernia
- C.
Lung emphysema
- D.
Pulmonary embolism
- 10.Which one of the following patients has central cyanosis?
- A.
A patient with bluish discoloration of nail beds, lips, frenulum of the tongue and helix of the ear, and SaO2 of 75mmHg
- B.
A patient with bluish discoloration of nail beds and helix of the ear, and PaO2 of 60mmHg
- C.
A patient with bluish discoloration of nail beds, pale mucous membranes, and PaO2 of 40mm Hg
- D.
A patient with bluish discoloration of nail beds, normal mucous membranes, and SaO2 of 90mmHg
- 11.A 40-year-old woman with leukemia is treated with chemotherapy. During treatment, she develops an increasing cough and shortness of breath. A chest x-ray shows diffuse lung infiltrates. Sputum cultures are negative, and the patient does not respond to routine antibiotic therapy. An open lung biopsy is diagnosed by the pathologist as severe viral pneumonia. Which of the following histopathologic findings would be expected in the lungs of this patient?
- A.
Clusters of epithelioid macrophages
- B.
Confluent areas of caseous necrosis
- C.
Fibrous scarring of lung parenchyma
- D.
Hyaline membranes and interstitial inflammation
- E.
Sheets of bacilli-filled macrophages
- 12.A 28 years old male was brought to the ER after a motor vehicle accident. He had a blunt injury to the left chest with extreme tenderness to the left side. The patient is dyspneic with respiratory rate 28/min, blood pressure 100/60 mm of Hg, temp 37 C. On examination you found the neck veins are prominent, the patient is having labored breathing with limited movement on the right side, palpation showed shifting of the trachea and apical impulse on the right side, percussion on the right side is hyper resonant and auscultation shows the absence of breath sound on the right side. Your management should be
- A.
Proper investigation to establish the diagnosis
- B.
Refer the patient to the trauma surgeon
- C.
Call the chest physician to examine the case
- D.
Contact the relatives and friends to take the proper past history of the patient
- E.
Put multiple wide bore needles to the right chest wall and then put a chest tube into the right pleural space
- 13.A 24 years old African American male was admitted to the hospital with acute watery diarrhea. On examination he was dehydrated with pulse rate 100/minute, regular respiration rate 20/minute, Hb 15 gm%, Total WBC 7000/cmm of blood, 170,000/cmm of blood. Old notes of the patient showed that he had some hemoglobinopathy. He was advised to have IV fluid by the attending physician, but in spite of the explanation of grave consequence of dehydration the patient refused it. He suddenly developed severe respiratory distress and the rate of respiration went up to 30/minute. Pulse oximetry showed the hemoglobin saturation 90%. The most likely diagnosis is
- A.
Acute chest syndrome or sickle chest syndrome
- B.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- C.
Massive pleural effusion
- D.
Aortic dissection
- E.
Pulmonary embolism
- 14.17 years old caucasian lady is escorted to the ER with complaints of dyspnoea, cough, expectoration of foul yellow-green sputum with hemoptysis. She had a neonatal surgery for bowel obstruction and at present having repeated pain epigastrium, loss of weight, a foul-smelling stool which floats on water. Presently she is having repeated respiratory infections for which she is on physiotherapy and antibiotics. What is the diagnosis?
- A.
Acute bronchitis
- B.
Recurrent attack of bronchial asthma
- C.
Bronchiectasis
- D.
Aspiration pneumonia
- E.
Pancreatic cancer with lung metastasis
- 15.The dreaded complication of a pharyngeal diverticulum in a 79 years old lady is?
- A.
Asphyxia and aspiration pneumonia by regurgitation of diverticular contents
- B.
Pulmonary embolism
- C.
Cardiac arrest due to pressure on the vagus nerve
- D.
Air embolism
- E.
Dysphagia due to pressure on the pharynx and upper esophagus
- 16.A two-year-old child is brought to the Emergency Department with acute onset of high fever and stridor. He is actively drooling and sitting very still with his neck extended. His mother admits that she had him immunized only for tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis because she was worried he would “develop autism”. What condition does this child now have?
- A.
Peritonsillar abscess
- B.
Laryngotracheobronchitis
- C.
Epiglottitis
- D.
Croup
- E.
Bronchiolitis
.JPG "A 34 yo male presents to the Emergency Department with an acute onset of SOB and the following CXR:
His O2 saturation is 84%. He most likely has which type of respiratory failure?")
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