Pharm Antiarrhythmics
In today’s medical quiz, we’ll be looking at antiarrhythmics, which are pharmaceuticals that help to ease abnormal rhythms of the heart, which can come about as a result of a number of different heart conditions. What can you tell us about these kinds of drugs? Let’s take a look.
- 1.Directions: questions 1-6 Match each antiarrhythmic drug with the appropriate description (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): This drug is an anticonvulsant frequently used in case of generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
- A.
Adenosine
- B.
Amiodarone
- C.
Diltiazem
- D.
Esmolol
- E.
Flecainide
- F.
Ibutilide
- G.
Lidocaine
- H.
Magnesium sulfate
- I.
Metoprolol
- J.
Mexiletine
- K.
Phenytoin
- L.
Procainamide
- M.
Quinidine
- N.
Sotalol
- 2.Directions: questions 1-6 Match each antiarrhythmic drug with the appropriate description (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): This drug acts on acetylcholine sensitive K+ channels
- A.
Adenosine
- B.
Amiodarone
- C.
Diltiazem
- D.
Esmolol
- E.
Flecainide
- F.
Ibutilide
- G.
Lidocaine
- H.
Magnesium sulfate
- I.
Metoprolol
- J.
Mexiletine
- K.
Phenytoin
- L.
Procainamide
- M.
Quinidine
- N.
Sotalol
- 3.Directions: questions 1-6 Match each antiarrhythmic drug with the appropriate description (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): This drug is the most effective antiarrhythmic agent for both supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias
- A.
Adenosine
- B.
Amiodarone
- C.
Diltiazem
- D.
Esmolol
- E.
Flecainide
- F.
Ibutilide
- G.
Lidocaine
- H.
Magnesium sulfate
- I.
Metoprolol
- J.
Mexiletine
- K.
Phenytoin
- L.
Procainamide
- M.
Quinidine
- N.
Sotalol
- 4.Directions: questions 1-6 Match each antiarrhythmic drug with the appropriate description (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): This drug blocks inactivated (but not activated) Na+ channels
- A.
Adenosine
- B.
Amiodarone
- C.
Diltiazem
- D.
Esmolol
- E.
Flecainide
- F.
Ibutilide
- G.
Lidocaine
- H.
Magnesium sulfate
- I.
Metoprolol
- J.
Mexiletine
- K.
Phenytoin
- L.
Procainamide
- M.
Quinidine
- N.
Sotalol
- 5.Directions: questions 1-6 Match each antiarrhythmic drug with the appropriate description (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): This drug blocks both beta receptors and K+ channels
- A.
Adenosine
- B.
Amiodarone
- C.
Diltiazem
- D.
Esmolol
- E.
Flecainide
- F.
Ibutilide
- G.
Lidocaine
- H.
Magnesium sulfate
- I.
Metoprolol
- J.
Mexiletine
- K.
Phenytoin
- L.
Procainamide
- M.
Quinidine
- N.
Sotalol
- 6.Directions: questions 1-6 Match each antiarrhythmic drug with the appropriate description (each lettered option can be selected once, more than once, or not at all): This drug may be used for the therapy of malaria
- A.
Adenosine
- B.
Amiodarone
- C.
Diltiazem
- D.
Esmolol
- E.
Flecainide
- F.
Ibutilide
- G.
Lidocaine
- H.
Magnesium sulfate
- I.
Metoprolol
- J.
Mexiletine
- K.
Phenytoin
- L.
Procainamide
- M.
Quinidine
- N.
Sotalol
- 7.A 51-year-old woman was found to have a heart rhythm of 110 bpm during a control visit. The woman, suffering from atrial flutter, had been receiving quinidine for two weeks, after a successful electrical cardioversion. The physician thought that her tachycardia was caused by quinidine. Which of the following actions best explains the mechanism of this adverse effect of quinidine?
- A.
Blockade of muscarinic receptors
- B.
Activation of alpha-1 receptors
- C.
Stimulation of arterial baroreceptors
- D.
Activation of Ca channels
- E.
Activation of potassium channels
- 8.A Purkinje fiber was isolated from an animal heart and placed in a recording chamber. Action potentials were recorded before and after a low dose of quinidine was added to the perfusate. Which of the following was an electrophysiological action of quinidine on this preparation?
- A.
Decreased action potential duration
- B.
Increased slope of phase 3
- C.
Decreased slope of phase 0
- D.
Decreased effective refractory period
- E.
Increased slope of phase 4
- 9.A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever, chills, and profuse epistaxis. The man, recently diagnosed with a supraventricular arrhythmia, had started an antiarrhythmic drug the day before. Lab results on admission disclosed a platelet count of 50,000/mm . Which of the following drugs most 3 likely caused the patient’s disorder?
- A.
Lidocaine
- B.
Verapamil
- C.
Quinidine
- D.
Adenosine
- E.
Sotalol
- F.
Diltiazem
- 10.A 24-year-old man presented to the emergency room with a chief complain of palpitations for three hours. He had experienced no prior symptoms and had no significant past medical history. Vital sings were: pulse 190 bpm, blood pressure 100/60 mm Hg, respiratory rate 14/min. An ECG showed a picture compatible with Wolff- Parkinson-White syndrome. An appropriate therapy was instituted which included an IV administration of a drug. Which of the following drugs was most likely given?
- A.
Digoxin
- B.
Verapamil
- C.
Propranolol
- D.
Procainamide
- E.
Nifedipine
- 11.A 47-year-old woman suffering from sustained ventricular tachycardia had been receiving mexiletine for one month. In the abnormal pacemaker cells of this patient the drug most likely decreased which of the following electrophysiological parameters of the heart?
- A.
Refractoriness
- B.
Slope of phase 4
- C.
Action potential duration
- D.
Length of phase 3
- E.
Diastolic interval
- 12.A 47-year-old man, admitted to the coronary unit because of a myocardial infarction, developed increasing ectopic beats followed by sustained tachycardia. The ECG showed a frequency of 175 bpm, wide QRS complexes and atrioventricular dissociation. He was given an IV infusion of an antiarrhythmic drug which restored the normal sinus rhythm, but one hour later the patient showed increased agitation, loss of coordination, confusion, slurred speech, nystagmus, trembling and muscle twitching. Which of the following drug was most likely administered?
- A.
Lidocaine
- B.
Phenytoin
- C.
Sotalol
- D.
Mexiletine
- E.
Verapamil
- F.
Digoxin
- 13.A 27-year-old cocaine addict was admitted to the emergency department after an intravenous injection of a high dose of cocaine. Physical examination showed an agitated and uncooperative patient with normal sensorium an purposeless psychomotor activity. Vital signs on admission were: blood pressure 190/100 mm Hg, pulse 180 beats/min, respirations 20/min. An appropriate therapy was initiated, which included the parenteral administration of a drug. Which of the following drugs was most likely given?
- A.
Procainamide
- B.
Labetalol
- C.
Digoxin
- D.
Flecainide
- E.
Verapamil
- 14.A 54-year-old woman complained to her physician of palpitations, insomnia, diarrhea and increased sweating for the last three weeks. Physical examination revealed a patient in moderate distress with mild hand tremors and exophthalmos. Vital sings were: pulse 122 bpm, blood pressure 146/62 mm Hg, respiratory rate 18/min. An ECG showed atrial tachycardia. Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate to treat the patient’s arrhythmia?
- A.
Quinidine
- B.
Amiodarone
- C.
Verapamil
- D.
Propranolol
- E.
Digoxin
- 15.A 24-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room with severe dyspnea and chest pain. Auscultation of the heart showed an ejection-type murmur and chest x-ray disclosed a massive cardiomegaly. His father was reported to have died from a similar problem that was likely related to a gene defect. The ECG showed atrial fibrillation. An appropriate therapy was ordered. Which of the following drugs was most likely given?
- A.
Procainamide
- B.
Quinidine
- C.
Flecainide
- D.
Propranolol
- E.
Nitroglycerin
- 16.A 58-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnea, a nonproductive cough and fever. The man, suffering from sustained ventricular tachycardia, had been receiving an antiarrhythmic drug for one month. Chest x-ray showed diffuse bilateral infiltrates. Bacterial, fungal and viral cultures were negative. Which of the following drugs most likely caused the patient’s pulmonary disorder?
- A.
Flecainide
- B.
Mexiletine
- C.
Amiodarone
- D.
Sotalol
- E.
Procainamide
- 17.A 44-year-old man complained to his physician of joint pains in elbows and knees and of an unusual mask-like rash over his face. The man, who was suffering from Wolff- Parkinson-White syndrome, had been receiving an antiarrhythmic drug for one month. Discontinuation of the drug caused the symptoms to abate. Which of the following drugs did the patient most likely take?
- A.
Quinidine
- B.
Lidocaine
- C.
Amiodarone
- D.
Adenosine
- E.
Procainamide
- F.
Ibutilide
- 18.A 56-year-old woman was admitted to the intensive care unit because of chest palpitations for three hours. Vital sings on admission were: blood pressure 96/70 mm Hg, heart rate 210 bpm, respiration 15 breaths/min. Physical examination showed a neck pulsation corresponding to the heart rate . An ECG indicated atrial fibrillation with wide QRS. A diagnosis of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia was made and amiodarone was given IV, but fifteen minutes later the heart rate was still 180 bpm. Another drug was tried IV. Which of the following drugs was most likely administered?
- A.
Lidocaine
- B.
Mexiletine
- C.
Phenytoin
- D.
Nifedipine
- E.
Nitroglycerin
- F.
Procainamide
- 19.A 53-year-old woman with a history of major depression was brought to the emergency room by her husband because of lethargy. Her medications included amitriptyline and the husband referred that he found an empty bottle of the medication in her room. Physical examination showed a lethargic, oriented patient with pulse 135 bpm, blood pressure 113/64, respiratory rate 22/min. The ECG showed a ventricular arrhythmia with widened QRS complexes. An appropriate therapy was instituted and an antiarrhythmic drug was prescribed. Which of the following antiarrhythmic drugs would be absolutely contraindicated for this patient?
- A.
Mexiletine
- B.
Lidocaine
- C.
Quinidine
- D.
Phenytoin
- E.
Propranolol
- 20.A 54-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of an episode of dizziness and near syncope. Medical history of the patient was significant for urinary tract infection, presently treated with ciprofloxacin. Few days ago she was diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and started a treatment with sotalol, one tablet daily. An ECG strip recorded by a Holter monitor during another episode of near syncope clarified the diagnosis. Which of the following disorders did the patient most likely suffer from?
- A.
Premature ventricular contractions
- B.
Atrial fibrillation
- C.
Second degree AV block
- D.
Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
- E.
Atrial tachycardia
- F.
Ventricular fibrillation
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