Biology Exam: Sample Questions Bank

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  • 1/350 Questions

    Frame-shift mutation can be caused by substitution of a nucleotide.

    • Yes
    • No
    • I Don't Know
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About This Quiz

The questions in this bank have been compiled by senior students at Masaryk University, and are intended to help better prepare you for your final exam.

Please note, these questions are NOT past papers. The questions were put together using the Course Syllabus, Lectures, Practical Reports, and the faculty recommended text book 'Campbell, A. Neil, Reece, J. B. : Biology'. See more

Biology Exam: Sample Questions Bank - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Philadelphia chromosome is caused by translocation between chromosome 8 and 11.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    The given statement is incorrect. The Philadelphia chromosome is actually caused by a translocation between chromosome 9 and 22. This translocation results in the fusion of the BCR (breakpoint cluster region) gene on chromosome 22 with the ABL1 (Abelson) gene on chromosome 9. This fusion gene, known as BCR-ABL1, produces a protein that plays a key role in the development of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

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  • 3. 

    Mitosis begins with one diploid cell, and ends in four haploid cells.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two identical diploid cells, not haploid cells. Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes as diploid cells, and they are typically produced through a different process called meiosis. Therefore, the statement that mitosis ends in four haploid cells is incorrect.

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  • 4. 

    Haemophillia A is gonosomal dominant.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Haemophilia A is not gonosomal dominant. It is actually an X-linked recessive disorder, which means it is caused by a mutation in the gene located on the X chromosome. This means that the disorder is more commonly seen in males, who have only one X chromosome. Females, on the other hand, have two X chromosomes, so even if one X chromosome carries the mutation, the other X chromosome can compensate for it.

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  • 5. 

    Reverse Transcriptase allows the transription of viral single-stranded RNA to a DNA molecule. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template. It is commonly found in retroviruses, which have RNA genomes. Reverse transcriptase allows the viral RNA to be converted into DNA, which can then be integrated into the host cell's genome. This process is essential for the replication and propagation of retroviruses. Therefore, the statement that Reverse Transcriptase allows the transcription of viral single-stranded RNA to a DNA molecule is correct.

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  • 6. 

    Almost all programmed cell death occurs by necrosis. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    This statement is incorrect because programmed cell death primarily occurs through apoptosis, not necrosis. Apoptosis is a controlled process that allows cells to self-destruct in a programmed manner, while necrosis is an uncontrolled cell death caused by external factors such as injury or infection. Therefore, the correct answer is No.

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  • 7. 

    DNA denaturation is the process by which double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid unwinds and separates into single-stranded strands.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    DNA denaturation is indeed the process of unwinding and separating the double-stranded DNA into single-stranded strands.

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  • 8. 

    Gamete production in males and females is equal.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    The statement "Gamete production in males and females is equal" is incorrect. In most species, including humans, males and females produce different types and quantities of gametes. Males produce sperm cells, while females produce egg cells. The production of these gametes is not equal, as males continuously produce sperm throughout their lifetime, while females have a limited number of eggs that are released cyclically. Additionally, the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ in terms of duration and energy requirements. Therefore, the correct answer is "No."

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  • 9. 

    Deamination is the removal of amine group from a molecule.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Deamination is a biochemical process in which the amine group (-NH2) is removed from a molecule. This process can occur in various molecules, such as amino acids, nucleotides, and neurotransmitters. The removal of the amine group can have significant effects on the structure and function of the molecule. Therefore, it is correct to say that deamination involves the removal of the amine group from a molecule.

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  • 10. 

    Both benign and malignant tumours cause severe disease for patients. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Both benign and malignant tumors can cause severe disease for patients. Benign tumors may not spread to other parts of the body, but they can still cause complications and health problems depending on their size and location. Malignant tumors, on the other hand, have the ability to invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body, which can lead to more severe diseases and potentially be life-threatening. Therefore, both types of tumors can cause significant health issues for patients.

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  • 11. 

    Patient karyotypes are written in an idiogram.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Karyotypes are indeed written in an idiogram. An idiogram is a diagrammatic representation of the chromosomes of an organism, showing their number, size, and banding pattern. It allows for the visualization and analysis of chromosomal abnormalities and can be used to diagnose genetic disorders. Therefore, the statement is correct.

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  • 12. 

    Southern Blotting can be used to diagnose Cycle Cell Anemia.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Southern blotting is a molecular biology technique used to detect specific DNA sequences. It involves the transfer of DNA fragments from a gel to a membrane, followed by hybridization with a labeled probe. In the case of diagnosing sickle cell anemia, Southern blotting can be used to detect the presence of a mutation in the beta-globin gene, which is responsible for the disease. By comparing the DNA fragments from a patient's sample with a control sample, the presence of the mutation can be identified, confirming the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.

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  • 13. 

    DNA is not spliced in PCR.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a laboratory technique used to amplify a specific segment of DNA. In PCR, DNA is not spliced, but rather replicated. The process involves multiple cycles of heating and cooling, which allows the DNA to denature, or separate into two strands, and then reanneal, or come back together. DNA splicing, on the other hand, refers to the process of cutting and joining different DNA fragments. In PCR, there is no cutting or joining of DNA fragments, making the statement "DNA is not spliced in PCR" correct.

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  • 14. 

    P53 doesn't increase the expression of P21.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    The given statement is stating that P53 does not increase the expression of P21. Therefore, the correct answer is "No" because it contradicts the statement. If P53 does not increase the expression of P21, then the answer cannot be "Yes" or "I Don't Know".

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  • 15. 

    A viral attack of P53 can be a cause of cancer? 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    A viral attack of P53 cannot be a cause of cancer. P53 is a tumor suppressor gene that helps regulate cell growth and prevent the formation of cancerous cells. Viral attacks can cause mutations in the P53 gene, leading to its inactivation and an increased risk of cancer. However, a viral attack itself cannot directly cause cancer.

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  • 16. 

    Bioinformatics is related to Histology and Embryology.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Bioinformatics is a field that combines biology and computer science to analyze and interpret biological data, including DNA sequences, protein structures, and gene expressions. Histology and embryology, on the other hand, are branches of biology that focus on the study of tissues and cells, and the development of embryos, respectively. While bioinformatics may utilize data from histology and embryology in its analyses, it is not directly related to these specific fields.

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  • 17. 

    Bioinformatics is related to Histology and Embryology.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Bioinformatics is not related to Histology and Embryology. Bioinformatics is the field of science that combines biology, computer science, and information technology to analyze and interpret biological data. It involves the use of computational tools and algorithms to study biological systems, including genomics, proteomics, and evolutionary biology. Histology and Embryology, on the other hand, are branches of biology that focus on the study of tissues and organs and the development of embryos, respectively. While there may be some overlap in terms of data analysis and interpretation, Bioinformatics is a distinct field that is not directly related to Histology and Embryology.

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  • 18. 

    The division of Emothopoetic stem cells is symmetrical.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    The statement is incorrect because the division of Emothopoetic stem cells is actually asymmetrical. Asymmetrical division refers to the process where the stem cell divides into two daughter cells with different properties. In the case of Emothopoetic stem cells, this division leads to the production of one stem cell and one progenitor cell, which will differentiate into specialized blood cells.

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  • 19. 

    Centrioles are present in animal, plant and bacterial cells.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Centrioles are not present in plant and bacterial cells. They are only found in animal cells. Centrioles are cylindrical structures that play a crucial role in cell division by organizing the microtubules that form the spindle apparatus. Plant cells have a similar structure called the centrosome, but it lacks centrioles. Bacterial cells, on the other hand, do not have any organelles or structures equivalent to centrioles. Therefore, the correct answer is "No".

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  • 20. 

    The cytoskeleton is always present in eukaryotic cells.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that provides structural support and helps with cell movement and division. It is a fundamental component of eukaryotic cells and is found in all eukaryotic organisms. Therefore, it can be concluded that the cytoskeleton is always present in eukaryotic cells.

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  • 21. 

    The process of protein synthesis is different in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    The explanation for the answer "No" is that the process of protein synthesis is not different in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Both types of cells use the same basic steps of transcription and translation to synthesize proteins. However, there are some differences in the details of these processes, such as the location of transcription and translation, the presence of introns in eukaryotic genes, and the involvement of different factors and enzymes. Overall, while there are some variations, the fundamental process of protein synthesis is conserved across different types of cells.

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  • 22. 

    Intermediate filaments are made of keratins.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Intermediate filaments are a type of cytoskeletal protein that provide structural support to cells. Keratins are a family of intermediate filament proteins that are found in epithelial cells, such as those in the skin, hair, and nails. Therefore, it is correct to say that intermediate filaments are made of keratins.

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  • 23. 

    Cells can store RNA in an untranslated state.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Cells can store RNA in an untranslated state. This means that RNA molecules can be stored within cells without being translated into proteins. This is important because it allows cells to regulate the expression of certain genes by controlling when and where the RNA molecules are translated. Additionally, storing RNA in an untranslated state can serve as a way for cells to quickly respond to changes in their environment, as the stored RNA can be rapidly translated into proteins when needed.

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  • 24. 

    Growth factors are usually proteins or steroid hormones. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Growth factors are signaling molecules that play a crucial role in regulating cell growth, division, and differentiation. They are typically proteins or steroid hormones that bind to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, triggering a cascade of intracellular events that ultimately promote cell proliferation and survival. Therefore, it is correct to say that growth factors are usually proteins or steroid hormones.

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  • 25. 

    Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive disease.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive disease, meaning that both copies of the gene responsible for the condition must be mutated in order for an individual to have the disease. In other words, an affected person must inherit one mutated gene from each parent. This mode of inheritance is characteristic of autosomal recessive disorders.

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  • 26. 

    Mendel's research was conducted on Pisum Satvium.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Mendel's research was indeed conducted on Pisum Sativum, which is commonly known as the garden pea. This plant species was chosen by Mendel for his experiments on inheritance because it possesses several easily observable traits that can be easily manipulated and controlled for breeding purposes. Mendel's groundbreaking work with Pisum Sativum laid the foundation for the modern understanding of genetics and inheritance.

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  • 27. 

    The MYF5 gene intervene in myogenesis.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    The MYF5 gene plays a role in myogenesis, which is the process of muscle formation and development. This gene is involved in the activation and differentiation of muscle precursor cells, leading to the formation of skeletal muscle. Therefore, it is correct to say that the MYF5 gene intervenes in myogenesis.

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  • 28. 

    The human geonome contains aproximately 25 000 coding proteins.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    The statement is true. The human genome is estimated to contain approximately 25,000 coding proteins. These proteins are responsible for various functions in the human body and play a crucial role in maintaining cellular processes and overall health.

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  • 29. 

    The human geonome contains aproximately 25 000 coding proteins.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    The human genome contains approximately 25,000 coding proteins. This means that within our DNA, there are around 25,000 genes that provide instructions for building proteins, which are essential for various biological processes in the human body. These proteins play crucial roles in functions such as cell structure, metabolism, immune response, and many others. The number of coding proteins in the human genome is well-established through scientific research and analysis of the human DNA sequence.

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  • 30. 

    Klinefelter syndrome is 46,XYY.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Klinefelter syndrome is not 46,XYY. It is a genetic disorder that occurs in males who have an extra X chromosome, resulting in a karyotype of 47,XXY. This additional chromosome can cause various physical, developmental, and cognitive differences in affected individuals. However, 46,XYY is a different genetic condition known as Jacob's syndrome, which occurs when males have an extra Y chromosome.

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  • 31. 

    Klinefelter syndrome is 46,XYY.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Klinefelter syndrome is not 46,XYY. Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs in males when they have an extra X chromosome, resulting in a karyotype of 47,XXY. On the other hand, 46,XYY is a different genetic condition known as XYY syndrome, where males have an extra Y chromosome. Therefore, the correct answer is "No."

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  • 32. 

    Chromatin contains DNA, non-histones and histone proteins.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Chromatin is a complex of DNA, proteins, and RNA that forms the genetic material in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It consists of DNA tightly wrapped around histone proteins, forming nucleosomes. Non-histone proteins are also present in the chromatin, playing various roles in DNA replication, transcription, and repair. Therefore, the statement that chromatin contains DNA, non-histones, and histone proteins is correct.

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  • 33. 

    Chromatin contains DNA, non-histones and histone proteins.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins that make up the genetic material within the nucleus of a cell. It consists of DNA, as well as non-histone proteins and histone proteins. Histones are proteins that help in organizing and packaging DNA, while non-histone proteins have various functions such as gene regulation and DNA repair. Therefore, the statement that chromatin contains DNA, non-histones, and histone proteins is correct.

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  • 34. 

    If both parents have brown eyes and their son has blue eyes (brown is dominant), the probability of their next child having blue eyes is 20%.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    If both parents have brown eyes and their son has blue eyes, it means that both parents must be heterozygous for the eye color gene, meaning they carry one dominant brown allele and one recessive blue allele. The son inherited the recessive blue allele from both parents, resulting in blue eyes. The probability of their next child having blue eyes is 25%, as there is a 25% chance that both parents will pass on their recessive blue allele. Therefore, the answer is "Yes."

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  • 35. 

    Cellulose consists of a linear chain of D-Glucose units. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate and the main component of plant cell walls. It is made up of a linear chain of D-Glucose units, which are connected by beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds. This arrangement gives cellulose its strong and rigid structure, making it an important structural component in plants. Therefore, the statement that "Cellulose consists of a linear chain of D-Glucose units" is correct.

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  • 36. 

    30s and 50s ribosomes exist in prokaryotic cells.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, have both 30s and 50s ribosomes. These ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell. The 30s and 50s ribosomes combine to form a 70s ribosome, which is smaller than the 80s ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells. Therefore, the statement that 30s and 50s ribosomes exist in prokaryotic cells is correct.

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  • 37. 

    Glyceraldehyde is used for fixation in microscopes. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Glyceraldehyde is a chemical compound that is commonly used as a fixative in microscopy. Fixation is the process of preserving biological specimens by preventing decay or degradation. In microscopy, it is essential to fix specimens to maintain their structural integrity and prevent any changes that may occur during the imaging process. Glyceraldehyde acts as a fixative by cross-linking the proteins and other biomolecules in the specimen, stabilizing them and preventing any further changes. Therefore, it is correct to say that glyceraldehyde is used for fixation in microscopes.

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  • 38. 

    Cyclins are responsible for the control the progression of cells through the cell cycle.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Cyclins are proteins that regulate the cell cycle by binding to and activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). This activation allows CDKs to phosphorylate target proteins, which in turn control the progression of cells through the cell cycle. Therefore, it is correct to say that cyclins are responsible for controlling the progression of cells through the cell cycle.

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  • 39. 

    In a Sodium-Potassium pump, K+ exits the cell as Na+ enters.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    The statement is incorrect because in a Sodium-Potassium pump, K+ ions enter the cell while Na+ ions exit. This pump is responsible for maintaining the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane. It actively transports three sodium ions out of the cell while bringing two potassium ions into the cell. This process requires ATP energy to function properly.

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  • 40. 

    The following components are part of the cytoskeleton: microtubules, microfilaments, cell wall.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    The correct answer is No because the cell wall is not part of the cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that provide structure and support to the cell, while the cell wall is a rigid layer outside the cell membrane found in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Microtubules and microfilaments, on the other hand, are two types of protein filaments that make up the cytoskeleton and are involved in various cellular processes such as cell division, movement, and shape maintenance.

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  • 41. 

    A patient with trisomy 18 suffers from Edwards disease.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    A patient with trisomy 18 suffers from Edwards disease. Trisomy 18, also known as Edwards syndrome, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 18. This condition leads to various physical and developmental abnormalities, including heart defects, kidney malformations, and intellectual disabilities. Therefore, it is correct to say that a patient with trisomy 18 suffers from Edwards disease.

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  • 42. 

    Chromatin is composed of RNA.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Chromatin is not composed of RNA. Chromatin is a complex of DNA, proteins, and RNA molecules found in the nucleus of a cell. It is responsible for packaging and organizing the DNA into a compact structure called a chromosome. While RNA molecules are present in chromatin, they are not the main component. The main components of chromatin are DNA and proteins, such as histones, which help in the organization and regulation of gene expression. Therefore, the statement that chromatin is composed of RNA is incorrect.

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  • 43. 

    Drosophila melanogaster is a species commonly used in genetic and physiological studies. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Drosophila melanogaster is indeed a species commonly used in genetic and physiological studies. This species of fruit fly has a short life cycle, a small genome, and is easy to maintain in a laboratory setting. It has been extensively studied and its genetic makeup is well understood, making it a valuable model organism for research in genetics, development, and behavior.

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  • 44. 

    Ribosomes contain ribosomal DNA.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) refers to the genes that encode the rRNA molecules. These genes are located in the nucleolus of the cell and are responsible for producing the rRNA components of ribosomes. Therefore, it is correct to say that ribosomes contain ribosomal DNA.

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  • 45. 

    Viruses contain proteins.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Viruses are infectious agents that consist of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat called a capsid. This protein coat helps protect the genetic material and allows the virus to enter and infect host cells. Therefore, it is accurate to say that viruses contain proteins.

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  • 46. 

    P53 induces apoptosis. 

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    P53 is a protein that plays a crucial role in regulating cell cycle and preventing the formation of tumors. One of the ways it does this is by inducing apoptosis, which is programmed cell death. When P53 detects DNA damage or other abnormalities in a cell, it can activate the apoptotic pathway to eliminate the damaged cell. Therefore, the statement "P53 induces apoptosis" is correct.

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  • 47. 

    Foetal and adult stem cells divide symmetrically.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Stem cells have the ability to divide asymmetrically, producing one stem cell and one specialized cell. This process allows for self-renewal of the stem cell population while also generating differentiated cells for tissue repair and regeneration. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that foetal and adult stem cells divide symmetrically.

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  • 48. 

    Embryonic stem cells divide symmetrically.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Embryonic stem cells have the ability to divide symmetrically, meaning that when they divide, they produce two identical daughter cells. This type of division allows for the expansion of the stem cell population, as each division results in the formation of two new stem cells. This characteristic is important for the maintenance and growth of embryonic stem cell cultures in the laboratory. Additionally, symmetric division allows for the potential to generate large numbers of identical cells for use in various research and therapeutic applications.

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  • 49. 

    All stem cells divide symmetrically.

    • Yes

    • No

    • I Don't Know

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    Stem cells can divide both symmetrically and asymmetrically. In symmetric division, stem cells divide into two identical daughter cells, while in asymmetric division, stem cells produce one daughter cell that remains a stem cell and another daughter cell that differentiates into a specialized cell. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that all stem cells divide symmetrically.

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  • Mar 20, 2023
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