Biology Quiz: Toughest Trivia! Exam

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  • 1/169 Questions

    What are the most numerous organisms on Earth?

    • Earth worms
    • Bacteria
    • People
    • Dogs
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About This Quiz


Are you ready for this most challenging biology quiz? Biology is responsible for so many great things. Food is derived from plants and animals that, to some degree, are created because of the knowledge of biology. Farming, crossbreeding, and genetic engineering methods have helped improve production, eliminate weak and undesirable characteristics, and establish disease-resistant varieties into crops, fruits, and vegetables. See moreThis extraordinary quiz will tell you how advantageous biology is for everyone.

Biology Quiz: Toughest Trivia! Exam - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Viruses attack living and nonliving things to take over cells and bacteria.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Viruses can only infect living organisms, such as plants, animals, and bacteria. They cannot infect nonliving things like rocks or water. Therefore, the statement that viruses attack both living and nonliving things is false.

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  • 3. 

    A bat wing and a butterfly wing are examples of what kind of structure?

    • Vestigial

    • Homologous

    • Analogous

    Correct Answer
    A. Analogous
    Explanation
    A bat wing and a butterfly wing are examples of analogous structures. Analogous structures are similar in function but have different evolutionary origins. In this case, both the bat wing and butterfly wing are used for flight, but they have different underlying structures and evolved independently in different lineages. This is an example of convergent evolution, where different species develop similar traits to adapt to similar environments or perform similar functions.

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  • 4. 

     A bat wing and a human arm are examples of what kind of structure?

    • Vestigial

    • Homologous

    • Analogous

    Correct Answer
    A. Homologous
    Explanation
    A bat wing and a human arm are examples of homologous structures because they share a common evolutionary origin. Despite their different functions (flight in bats and manipulation in humans), the underlying bone structure and arrangement are very similar, indicating a common ancestor. This similarity suggests that both species inherited these structures from a shared ancestor and then modified them for their specific needs.

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  • 5. 

    What is an example of biochemical evidence?

    • DNA

    • Embryos

    • Fossils

    Correct Answer
    A. DNA
    Explanation
    DNA is an example of biochemical evidence because it is a molecule that carries genetic information in all living organisms. It can be extracted from various sources such as cells, tissues, or bodily fluids, and analyzed to provide valuable information about an individual's genetic makeup, evolutionary relationships, or the presence of specific genetic disorders. DNA analysis has revolutionized fields like forensics, archaeology, and medicine, and is widely used to identify individuals, study genetic diversity, and trace evolutionary history. Therefore, DNA serves as a crucial biochemical tool for understanding biological processes and relationships.

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  • 6. 

    The driving force of evolution is

    • Natural selection

    • Extinction

    • Embryology

    Correct Answer
    A. Natural selection
    Explanation
    Natural selection is the driving force of evolution because it acts on the variation within a population and favors individuals that are better adapted to their environment. This leads to the survival and reproduction of those individuals, passing on their advantageous traits to future generations. Over time, this process results in the accumulation of beneficial traits and the gradual change of species. Extinction, on the other hand, is a consequence of natural selection when a species fails to adapt and survive in its environment. Embryology, while important in understanding development, is not the driving force of evolution.

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  • 7. 

    What determines an organism's fitness?

    • How physically strong it is

    • How much it changes to fit its environment within its life

    • How well it can survive within its environment

    • Where it fits in on the food chain

    Correct Answer
    A. How well it can survive within its environment
    Explanation
    An organisms fitness is its ability to survive within its environment. Organisms with higher fitness survive, while those with lower fitness die out- hence, "survival of the fittest". An animals fitness is based on inherited traits- organisms don't try to be more perfect; rather, the fitter ones survive and pass those traits on to their descendants.

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  • 8. 
    The flounder has developed a flat sandy-colored body that allows it to lie on the ocean floor where it cannot be seen by predators or prey. The flounder's phenotype is an example of _________________. - ProProfs

    The flounder has developed a flat sandy-colored body that allows it to lie on the ocean floor where it cannot be seen by predators or prey. The flounder's phenotype is an example of _________________.

    • Genetic engineering

    • An adaptation

    • Succession

    • A clone

    Correct Answer
    A. An adaptation
    Explanation
    The flounder's phenotype, which is its flat sandy-colored body, is an adaptation. This means that it is a trait that has evolved over time in response to its environment, allowing the flounder to better survive and reproduce. The flat body helps the flounder blend in with the ocean floor, making it difficult for predators or prey to spot it. This adaptation increases the flounder's chances of survival and is a result of natural selection acting on its genetic variation.

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  • 9. 
    Salamanders with longer tongues tend to live more years than those with short tongues. Long tongues probably enable the salamander to catch more food. This is an example of Darwin's concept of __________. - ProProfs

    Salamanders with longer tongues tend to live more years than those with short tongues. Long tongues probably enable the salamander to catch more food. This is an example of Darwin's concept of __________.

    • Survival of the fittest

    • Evolution of crossing over

    • The tree of life

    Correct Answer
    A. Survival of the fittest
    Explanation
    This is an example of Darwin's concept of survival of the fittest. Salamanders with longer tongues are more likely to catch more food, which increases their chances of survival and reproduction. Over time, individuals with longer tongues will have a higher fitness and will be more likely to pass on their advantageous trait to future generations. This process leads to the evolution of longer tongues in the salamander population.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the statements about evolution is NOT true?

    • Evolution is the slow change in a species over a long period of time.

    • Evolution occurs within individual organisms due to environmental pressures.

    • Evidence of evolution can be seen in the fossil record.

    Correct Answer
    A. Evolution occurs within individual organisms due to environmental pressures.
    Explanation
    This statement is not true because evolution does not occur within individual organisms. Evolution is a process that happens over generations, where genetic traits that are advantageous for survival and reproduction become more common in a population. It is not a change that occurs within an individual's lifetime.

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  • 11. 
    Look at the picture of the cats below: The difference in the color of cats is known as ______. - ProProfs

    Look at the picture of the cats below: The difference in the color of cats is known as ______.

    • Evolution

    • Adaptation

    • Variation

    Correct Answer
    A. Variation
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "variation." In the picture, we can see that the cats have different colors, which is a clear example of variation. Variation refers to the differences or diversity that can be observed within a species, such as differences in appearance, behavior, or genetic traits. In this case, the cats exhibit variation in their coat color.

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  • 12. 

    Ms. Puckett uses an ant spray to kill the ants in her house. Over several months, she notices that fewer and fewer ants are dying and more are living. This is happening because of what process?

    • Crossing over

    • Natural selection

    • Mitosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Natural selection
    Explanation
    Natural selection is the process through which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time. In this scenario, the ants that are more resistant to the ant spray are surviving and reproducing, passing on their resistance to future generations. As a result, the overall population of ants in Ms. Puckett's house is becoming more resistant to the spray, leading to fewer ants dying and more ants living.

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  • 13. 

    Genes are found on

    • Chromosomes

    • Sex cells

    • Alleles

    Correct Answer
    A. Chromosomes
    Explanation
    Genes are found on chromosomes. Chromosomes are structures found in the nucleus of cells that contain DNA. DNA is made up of genes, which are the basic units of heredity. Genes carry the instructions for making proteins, which are essential for the functioning and development of organisms. Each chromosome contains many genes, and the arrangement of genes on the chromosomes determines the traits and characteristics of an individual. Therefore, the correct answer is chromosomes.

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  • 14. 

    When two parent cells join together to form offspring it is

    • Asexual reproduction

    • Sexual reproduction

    • Meiosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Sexual reproduction
    Explanation
    When two parent cells join together to form offspring, it is considered sexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, the genetic material from both parents is combined to create a unique offspring. This process involves the fusion of gametes, such as sperm and egg cells, which contain half the genetic information of the parent. This genetic recombination leads to genetic diversity and variation among offspring, allowing for adaptation and evolution. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, involves the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes or the fusion of genetic material from two parents.

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  • 15. 

    Chromosomes contain

    • Cells

    • Genes, or genetic information

    • Diploid cells

    • Zygotes

    Correct Answer
    A. Genes, or genetic information
    Explanation
    Chromosomes contain genes, which are the units of genetic information. Genes are segments of DNA that encode instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms. They determine traits such as physical characteristics, behavior, and susceptibility to diseases. Each chromosome contains many genes, and the complete set of genes in an organism is called its genome. Genes are passed from parents to offspring during reproduction and are responsible for the inheritance of traits. Therefore, the correct answer is genes, or genetic information.

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  • 16. 

    Meiosis divides one diploid cell into

    • 4 haploid cells

    • 4 diploid cells

    • 2 haploid cells

    • 2 diploid cells

    Correct Answer
    A. 4 haploid cells
    Explanation
    Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells to produce gametes (sperm and egg cells). It involves two rounds of division, resulting in four daughter cells. These daughter cells are haploid, meaning they contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Therefore, the correct answer is 4 haploid cells.

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  • 17. 

    Our traits are determined by

    • Our germ cells

    • Our chromosomes

    • Out homologous cells

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Our chromosomes
    Explanation
    Our chromosomes contain our genetic material, which is responsible for determining our traits. Each chromosome carries a specific set of genes that code for different characteristics. These genes are passed on from our parents through our germ cells, which are the cells that give rise to eggs and sperm. Therefore, our traits are determined by our chromosomes, as they carry the genes that control our physical and genetic characteristics.

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  • 18. 

    Which term is an all-inclusive disease causing agent? (not just one type of agent)

    • Bacteria

    • Virus

    • Vaccine

    • Pathogen

    Correct Answer
    A. Pathogen
    Explanation
    A pathogen is an all-inclusive disease-causing agent because it refers to any microorganism, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, that can cause disease in a host organism. Unlike the other options, which are specific types of disease-causing agents, pathogen encompasses a broad range of organisms that can cause various diseases in humans, animals, and plants. Therefore, pathogen is the correct answer as it includes all types of disease-causing agents, making it the most comprehensive term.

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  • 19. 

    Which term means "a weakened or killed pathogen or part of a pathogen injected into the body to help with immunity".

    • Antibiotics

    • Toxin

    • Vaccine

    • Pathogen

    Correct Answer
    A. Vaccine
    Explanation
    A vaccine is a weakened or killed pathogen or part of a pathogen that is injected into the body to help with immunity. Vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce an immune response without causing the actual disease. This helps the body recognize and fight the pathogen if it is encountered again in the future, providing protection against the disease. Antibiotics are medications used to treat bacterial infections, toxins are harmful substances produced by living organisms, and pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms.

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  • 20. 

    Which choice naturally occurs in organisms and fights pathogens?

    • Antibiotics

    • Disinfectant

    • Toxins

    • Immune system

    Correct Answer
    A. Immune system
    Explanation
    The immune system is the natural defense mechanism present in organisms that fights against pathogens. It is responsible for identifying and eliminating harmful substances, such as bacteria, viruses, and other foreign invaders. Antibiotics are medications that are used to treat infections caused by bacteria, while disinfectants are chemical agents used to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms on surfaces. Toxins are harmful substances produced by certain organisms, including bacteria and plants. However, the immune system is the correct choice as it is the body's natural way of fighting off pathogens.

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  • 21. 

    You have more bacterial cells in you than human cells.  (Recall that bacterial cells are very small compared to your cells.)

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true because bacterial cells are much smaller in size compared to human cells, which means that even though there are fewer bacterial cells, they can still outnumber the larger human cells in terms of quantity.

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  • 22. 
    Which bacteria cell part goes in the box labelled a and is used for movement?  - ProProfs

    Which bacteria cell part goes in the box labelled a and is used for movement? 

    • Flagella

    • DNA

    • Ribosomes

    • Plasma Membrane

    Correct Answer
    A. Flagella
    Explanation
    Flagella is the correct answer because it is a whip-like appendage that helps bacteria to move. It acts as a propeller, allowing bacteria to swim and navigate through their environment. DNA is the genetic material of the cell, ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, and the plasma membrane is the outer boundary of the cell that controls what enters and exits. None of these cell parts are specifically involved in movement, making flagella the most suitable option for the given question.

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  • 23. 
    Which bacteria cell part goes in the box labelled b and is used to make proteins? - ProProfs

    Which bacteria cell part goes in the box labelled b and is used to make proteins?

    • Flagella

    • DNA

    • Ribosomes

    • Cell Wall

    Correct Answer
    A. Ribosomes
    Explanation
    Ribosomes are the correct answer for the given question. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in bacteria cells. They are the cellular structures where proteins are made by assembling amino acids together according to the instructions encoded in the DNA. Therefore, ribosomes play a crucial role in the production of proteins in bacteria.

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  • 24. 

    Bacteria are _______, meaning they have _______ _____________________

    • Prokaryotes; no nucleus

    • Prokaryotes; no DNA

    • Eukaryotes; no nucleus

    • Eukaryotes; no DNA

    Correct Answer
    A. Prokaryotes; no nucleus
    Explanation
    Remember, bacteria are examples of prokaryotes. This means they have NO nucleus. Remember PRO= NO

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  • 25. 
    You are looking at a sample under the microscope to see if your patient has a bacterial infection. When you look in the microscope, you see something that looks like this. Is it a bacterium? - ProProfs

    You are looking at a sample under the microscope to see if your patient has a bacterial infection. When you look in the microscope, you see something that looks like this. Is it a bacterium?

    • Yes this is a bacterium

    • No this is not a bacterium

    Correct Answer
    A. No this is not a bacterium
    Explanation
    Nope! Look at that big nucleus in the middle. Remember, a bacterium does not have a nucleus! The more complex a cell is, the less likely it is to be bacteria.

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  • 26. 

    How does a Virus infect a living thing?

    • It infects a host cell and causes the host cell to make more viruses.

    • It only affects plants.

    • It causes disease only in bacterial cells.

    • It infects the extracellular fluid of organisms.

    Correct Answer
    A. It infects a host cell and causes the host cell to make more viruses.
    Explanation
    A virus infects a living thing by entering a host cell and using the host cell's machinery to replicate itself. Once inside the host cell, the virus takes control of the cell's functions and forces it to produce more viruses. This process eventually leads to the destruction of the host cell and the release of new viruses, which can then go on to infect other cells and continue the cycle of infection.

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  • 27. 

    If you currently have a cold, viruses inside your are undergoing the lytic cycle.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    When you have a cold, the viruses responsible for causing the cold are indeed undergoing the lytic cycle. The lytic cycle is a process in which a virus infects a host cell, takes control of its machinery, replicates itself, and then causes the cell to burst, releasing new viruses to infect other cells. In the case of a cold, the viruses infect the cells in your respiratory system, causing symptoms such as congestion, coughing, and sneezing. Therefore, the statement "If you currently have a cold, viruses inside you are undergoing the lytic cycle" is true.

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  • 28. 
    Which choice is the name for bacteria pictured in A? - ProProfs

    Which choice is the name for bacteria pictured in A?

    • Streptococcus

    • Herpes simplex

    • Spirillis

    • Bacillis

    Correct Answer
    A. Streptococcus
    Explanation
    The correct answer is streptococcus because the picture in A resembles the shape and arrangement of streptococcus bacteria. Streptococcus bacteria are spherical or ovoid in shape and often form chains or pairs. The other options, herpes simplex, spirillis, and bacillis, do not match the characteristics of the bacteria in the picture.

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  • 29. 

    If you get cold sores from time to time but don't currently have one, you have viruses inside you that are in the lysogenic cycle.  

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus, which can exist in two different cycles: the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle. In the lysogenic cycle, the virus remains dormant inside the host's cells without causing any symptoms. However, it can reactivate and enter the lytic cycle, causing cold sore outbreaks. Therefore, if someone gets cold sores occasionally but currently doesn't have one, it means that the viruses responsible for cold sores are present in their body in the lysogenic cycle.

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  • 30. 

    A virus consists of

    • Genetic material and a cell membrane.

    • Genetic material and a protein coat.

    • Nucleosome and injectors.

    Correct Answer
    A. Genetic material and a protein coat.
    Explanation
    A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that contains genetic material, either DNA or RNA, which is surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. The genetic material carries the instructions for the virus to replicate and infect host cells. The protein coat provides protection to the genetic material and helps the virus attach to and enter host cells. Therefore, the correct answer is "genetic material and a protein coat."

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  • 31. 

    Which choice needs a host cell to reproduce? 

    • Bacteria

    • Eukaryote

    • Virus

    • Plants

    Correct Answer
    A. Virus
    Explanation
    Viruses need a host cell to reproduce because they are obligate intracellular parasites. They lack the necessary cellular machinery to carry out essential metabolic processes or replicate their genetic material. Therefore, they rely on infecting a host cell and hijacking its cellular machinery to reproduce. Once inside the host cell, the virus takes over the cellular machinery and uses it to replicate its genetic material and produce new viral particles. These new viral particles can then go on to infect other host cells and continue the cycle of infection and replication.

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  • 32. 

    Viruses are

    • Living

    • Non-living

    • Organisms from the ocean

    • Organisms from heat vents that are poorly understood

    Correct Answer
    A. Non-living
    Explanation
    Viruses are considered non-living because they lack the characteristics of living organisms. Unlike living organisms, viruses do not have cells, cannot reproduce on their own, and do not carry out metabolic processes. They are essentially genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat. Viruses can only replicate by infecting the cells of living organisms and hijacking their cellular machinery. Therefore, they are regarded as non-living entities that rely on host organisms for their survival and reproduction.

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  • 33. 

    Which choice is most likely true?  The HIV virus

    • Only affects immune cells of certain organisms such as humans.

    • Has DNA rather than RNA as its genetic material

    • Lacks genetic material

    • Hardly ever leaves the lysogenic cycle.

    Correct Answer
    A. Only affects immune cells of certain organisms such as humans.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that the HIV virus only affects immune cells of certain organisms such as humans. This is because HIV specifically targets and infects CD4+ T cells, which are a type of immune cell found in humans and some other primates. HIV attaches to the CD4 receptor on these cells and enters them, leading to the destruction of the immune system over time. Other organisms do not have the specific receptors that HIV requires for infection, so they are not affected by the virus.

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  • 34. 

    Antibiotics

    • Kill viruses

    • Do not kill viruses

    • Kill some viruses but not others

    • Can kill viruses but not the ones that have evolved antibiotic resistance

    Correct Answer
    A. Do not kill viruses
    Explanation
    Antibiotics are medications that are designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. They work by targeting specific structures or processes in bacterial cells that are not present in viruses. Since viruses are different from bacteria in terms of their structure and replication mechanisms, antibiotics are not effective against them. Therefore, antibiotics do not kill viruses.

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  • 35. 

    When you have a cold or the flu, you should

    • Take an antibiotic.

    • Not take an antibiotic.

    Correct Answer
    A. Not take an antibiotic.
    Explanation
    When you have a cold or the flu, you should not take an antibiotic. Antibiotics are only effective against bacterial infections, and colds and the flu are caused by viruses. Taking antibiotics when they are not necessary can lead to antibiotic resistance, where bacteria become resistant to the effects of antibiotics. It is important to only take antibiotics as prescribed by a healthcare professional to ensure they are used appropriately and effectively.

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  • 36. 

    Antibiotics 

    • Kill ALL bacteria (good and bad).

    • Kill only bad bacteria.

    • Kill viruses, not bacteria.

    • Destroy the lining of your large intestines which is why they cause diarrhea.

    Correct Answer
    A. Kill ALL bacteria (good and bad).
    Explanation
    Antibiotics are medications that are designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. They work by targeting certain processes or structures specific to bacteria, such as their cell walls or protein synthesis. However, antibiotics are not selective in their action and can affect both beneficial and harmful bacteria in the body. This is why they are known to kill both "good" and "bad" bacteria, which can have consequences for the balance of the microbiome and potentially lead to side effects such as diarrhea.

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  • 37. 

    What do ALL viruses do, no matter which cycle they are in?

    • Attach to a host cell and inject their genetic material

    • Attach to a host cell, inject their genetic material, and trick the cell into making more viruses

    • Attach to a host cell, but may or may not inject their genetic material

    • Option 4

    Correct Answer
    A. Attach to a host cell and inject their genetic material
    Explanation
    All viruses, regardless of the cycle they are in, attach to a host cell and inject their genetic material.

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  • 38. 

    Viruses do not always need a host cell to replicate (make more copies of themselves).

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, meaning they cannot replicate without a host cell. They rely on the host cell's machinery to reproduce and make more copies of themselves. Without a host cell, viruses cannot carry out their replication process. Therefore, the statement that viruses do not always need a host cell to replicate is false.

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  • 39. 

    Choose the smallest.

    • Prokaryote

    • Eukaryote

    • Bacteria

    • Virus

    Correct Answer
    A. Virus
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "virus" because viruses are the smallest of the options given. Viruses are microscopic infectious agents that can only replicate inside the cells of living organisms. They are smaller than prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and bacteria, which are all larger and more complex cellular organisms.

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  • 40. 

    Viruses are SPECIFIC.  This means that they only affect specific types of host cells.  Which 2 choices demonstrate this idea?

    • Rhinoviruses (cold viruses) only affect the cells of your respiratory system - they do not affect your liver, heart, or lungs.

    • HIV only affects the immune system cells of primates like humans. It does not affect ducks, dogs, or fish.

    • Rotavirus causes stomach upset and affects most species. This is why you can catch a "stomach bug" from your dog or cat.

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Rhinoviruses (cold viruses) only affect the cells of your respiratory system - they do not affect your liver, heart, or lungs.
    A. HIV only affects the immune system cells of primates like humans. It does not affect ducks, dogs, or fish.
    Explanation
    The given answer correctly demonstrates the idea that viruses are specific and only affect specific types of host cells. It provides two examples: rhinoviruses, which only affect the cells of the respiratory system and not other organs like the liver, heart, or lungs, and HIV, which specifically targets the immune system cells of primates like humans and not other animals like ducks, dogs, or fish. This highlights the specificity of viruses in their ability to infect and affect certain types of cells or organisms.

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  • 41. 

    Why do people often get diarrhea when they take antibiotics for sinus infections?

    • Because they shouldn't be taking antibiotics for sinus infections and this is their punishment.

    • Because antibiotics do not differentiate (tell the difference) between harmful and harmless bacteria. The helpful bacteria in your digestive tract are also killed, which leads to diarrhea.

    • Because antibiotics are often quite powerful medications that irritate the digestive tract. The cells of your digestive tract become inflamed and irritated, causing diarrhea.

    Correct Answer
    A. Because antibiotics do not differentiate (tell the difference) between harmful and harmless bacteria. The helpful bacteria in your digestive tract are also killed, which leads to diarrhea.
    Explanation
    When people take antibiotics for sinus infections, they may experience diarrhea because antibiotics do not distinguish between harmful and harmless bacteria. As a result, the helpful bacteria in the digestive tract, which are necessary for proper digestion, are also killed. This disruption in the balance of bacteria in the gut can lead to gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea.

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  • 42. 

    Which choice accurately describes a virus in the lysogenic cycle?

    • You have the cold sore virus in your body but do not currently have any cold sores.

    • You have the cold sore virus in your body and you have 2 cold sores on your mouth.

    Correct Answer
    A. You have the cold sore virus in your body but do not currently have any cold sores.
    Explanation
    In the lysogenic cycle, the virus remains dormant in the host's body without causing any symptoms. The virus has integrated its genetic material into the host's DNA and is replicating along with the host's cells. The individual may be a carrier of the virus, but does not exhibit any visible signs or symptoms of the infection. Hence, the correct answer is "You have the cold sore virus in your body but do not currently have any cold sores."

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  • 43. 

    Which choice accurately describes a virus in the lytic cycle?

    • You have the cold sore virus in your body but do not currently have any cold sores.

    • You have the cold sore virus in your body and you have 2 cold sores on your mouth.

    Correct Answer
    A. You have the cold sore virus in your body and you have 2 cold sores on your mouth.
    Explanation
    The lytic cycle is a process in which a virus infects a host cell, takes over its machinery to replicate itself, and then destroys the host cell to release new virus particles. In the given scenario, the presence of the cold sore virus in the body and the occurrence of 2 cold sores on the mouth indicate an active infection and replication of the virus, which aligns with the characteristics of a virus in the lytic cycle.

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  • 44. 

    Which option is true of BOTH the lytic and lysogenic cycles?

    • The host cells bursts when it is full of freshly-made viruses.

    • The virus uses the host cell to make more viruses

    • The virus attaches to a specific host cell and injects its genetic material.

    Correct Answer
    A. The virus attaches to a specific host cell and injects its genetic material.
    Explanation
    In both the lytic and lysogenic cycles, the virus attaches to a specific host cell and injects its genetic material. This is a crucial step in both cycles as it allows the virus to take control of the host cell's machinery and replicate itself. In the lytic cycle, the virus immediately starts producing more viruses, eventually causing the host cell to burst and release the newly made viruses. In the lysogenic cycle, the viral genetic material integrates into the host cell's genome and remains dormant for a period of time before eventually entering the lytic cycle and producing more viruses.

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  • 45. 

    Most bacteria are harmless.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Most bacteria are harmless because they either do not cause any diseases or they live in symbiotic relationships with their hosts. Only a small percentage of bacteria are pathogenic and can cause infections or diseases. The majority of bacteria play important roles in various ecological processes, such as nutrient cycling, decomposition, and nitrogen fixation. Therefore, it is true that most bacteria are harmless.

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  • 46. 

    You need bacteria in your body.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Bacteria are essential for maintaining a healthy body. They help in digestion, produce vitamins, and support the immune system. These beneficial bacteria, also known as probiotics, can be found in the gut and other parts of the body. Without bacteria, our bodies would not be able to function properly, leading to various health issues. Therefore, it is true that we need bacteria in our body.

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  • 47. 

    Which infectious diseases are caused by viruses?  Choose 2.

    • Cold

    • Flu

    • Strep throat

    • Tooth decay

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Cold
    A. Flu
    Explanation
    The common cold and the flu are both infectious diseases caused by viruses. The cold is usually caused by rhinoviruses, while the flu is caused by influenza viruses. Strep throat, on the other hand, is caused by bacteria, specifically Streptococcus bacteria. Tooth decay is caused by the interaction of bacteria and sugars in the mouth, not by viruses. Therefore, the correct answer is cold and flu.

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  • 48. 

    Which infectious disease is caused by bacteria?

    • Cold

    • Flu

    • Strep throat

    • AIDS

    Correct Answer
    A. Strep throat
    Explanation
    Strep throat is caused by bacteria known as Streptococcus pyogenes. It is an infectious disease that affects the throat and tonsils, causing symptoms such as sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and fever. Unlike the common cold and flu, which are caused by viruses, strep throat specifically results from a bacterial infection. AIDS, on the other hand, is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is not a bacterial infection.

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  • 49. 

    An agent such as a bacterium or a virus that causes infectious disease is called 

    • An antigen.

    • An antibody.

    • A pathogen.

    • A desulator.

    Correct Answer
    A. A pathogen.
    Explanation
    A pathogen is an agent, such as a bacterium or a virus, that causes infectious disease. It is responsible for causing harm to the host organism by invading and multiplying within its body. An antigen, on the other hand, is a substance that triggers an immune response in the body, while an antibody is a protein produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens. A desulator is not a recognized term in the context of infectious diseases.

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  • Mar 20, 2023
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  • Jun 04, 2017
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