Biology 1320 Exam Two Fall 2012
- 1.
Which of the following are not components of the plasma membrane?
- A.
Proteins
- B.
Phospholipids
- C.
Sterols
- D.
Nucleic Acid
- E.
All of these are components
Correct Answer
D. Nucleic Acid -
- 2.
Which membrane component is involved in cystic fibrosis?
- A.
A recognition protein
- B.
An adhesion protein
- C.
A transport protein
- D.
A communication sugar
- E.
A receptor protein
Correct Answer
C. A transport protein -
- 3.
The organelle that pinches off portions of its membrane to form a compartment used for storage or transport is the:
- A.
Vesicle
- B.
Mitochondrion
- C.
Chloroplast
- D.
Nucleolus
- E.
Dictyosome
Correct Answer
E. Dictyosome -
- 4.
Hooke was the first to observe cells under a simple microscope in the 1600s because he was looking at:
- A.
Plant cells in which the thick cell wall was clearly visible and reminded him of prison cells
- B.
Flagellated eukaryotic cells that were moving
- C.
Flagellated bacterial cells that were moving
- D.
Egg cells, which can be extraordinarily large
- E.
Cells that were naturally colored
Correct Answer
A. Plant cells in which the thick cell wall was clearly visible and reminded him of prison cells -
- 5.
Which of the following will diffuse across a lipid bilayer?
- A.
Sodium ions
- B.
Potassium
- C.
DNA
- D.
Carbon dioxide
- E.
Glucose
Correct Answer
D. Carbon dioxide -
- 6.
The RNA in the nucleus leaves through
- A.
Frets
- B.
Ribosomes
- C.
Vessicles
- D.
Nuclear pores
- E.
Thylakoids
Correct Answer
D. Nuclear pores -
- 7.
The largest cytoskeletal element is the:
- A.
Actin molecule
- B.
Microfilament
- C.
Microtubule
- D.
Intermediate filament
- E.
Myosin molecule
Correct Answer
C. Microtubule -
- 8.
The energy for flagellar movement (as in sperm swimming)
- A.
Appears to come from protein polarization
- B.
Comes directly from dictyosomes
- C.
Appears to come from mitochondria
- D.
Endoplasmic reticuli
- E.
Comes directly from oxygen
Correct Answer
C. Appears to come from mitochondria -
- 9.
You received all of your mitochondria from
- A.
Dad
- B.
Plants
- C.
Fish
- D.
Mom
- E.
Protozoans
Correct Answer
D. Mom -
- 10.
Probably the most important cross-linkage determining the tertiary structure of many proteins is the:
- A.
Disulfide bridge
- B.
Hydrogen bond
- C.
Ester
- D.
Peptide bond
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Disulfide bridge -
- 11.
In general, the net movement of molecules in a fluid is a response to the
- A.
Electrical gradient
- B.
Energy gradient
- C.
Heat gradient
- D.
Concentration gradient
- E.
Pressure gradient
Correct Answer
D. Concentration gradient -
- 12.
Ribonucleic acid differs from deoxyribonucleic acid in that RNA substitutes:
- A.
Ribose for deoxyribose
- B.
Uracil for thymine
- C.
Uracil for cytosine
- D.
Both ribose for deoxyribose AND uracil for thymine
- E.
Both ribose for deoxyribose AND uracil for cytosine
Correct Answer
D. Both ribose for deoxyribose AND uracil for thymine -
- 13.
A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of _____.
- A.
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
- B.
Exocytosis
- C.
Pinocytosis
- D.
Facilitated diffusion
- E.
Phagocytosis
Correct Answer
E. Phagocytosis -
- 14.
The system of canals, tubes, and sacs that transports molecules inside the cytoplasm is the:
- A.
Golgi bodies
- B.
Ribosomes
- C.
Vesicles
- D.
Lysosomes
- E.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer
E. Endoplasmic reticulum -
- 15.
Lysosomes contain _____ enzymes.
- A.
Synthesis
- B.
Digestive
- C.
Photosynthetic
- D.
Growth
- E.
Respiration
Correct Answer
B. Digestive -
- 16.
What is a role of proteins found in eukaryotic plasma membranes:
- A.
Copying DNA
- B.
Regulating the flow of materials through the membrane
- C.
Building proteins
- D.
Immune system action
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Regulating the flow of materials through the membrane -
- 17.
Organisms sometimes need sulfur for synthesis of:
- A.
Nucleotides
- B.
Ribosomes
- C.
Protein
- D.
Fats and oils
- E.
Phospholipids
Correct Answer
C. Protein -
- 18.
In a lipid bilayer, _____ of lipid molecules are sandwiched between _______.
- A.
The two unit membanes
- B.
Hydrophilic tails; hydrophobic heads
- C.
Hydrophilic heads; hydrophilic tails
- D.
Hydrophobic tails; hydrophilic heads
- E.
Hydrophobic heads; hydrophilic tails
Correct Answer
D. Hydrophobic tails; hydrophilic heads -
- 19.
The stacks of coin-shaped (mint-like) double membranes found in chloroplasts are
- A.
Frets
- B.
Plasma membranes
- C.
Vacuolar membranes
- D.
Golgi bodies
- E.
Grana
Correct Answer
E. Grana -
- 20.
- What is the fate of defective or malfunctioning organelles in cells?
- A.
They are broken down by cytoplasmic enzymes
- B.
They are exported by exocytosis
- C.
They are stored in plastids
- D.
They accumulate in the cytoplasm, eventually resulting in cell death
- E.
They are broken down by lysosomal digestive enzymes
Correct Answer
E. They are broken down by lysosomal digestive enzymes - 21.
Which of the following is/are not required for cell function since prokaryotes do not have them?
- A.
A plasma membrane
- B.
Transport mechanisms to bring substances in from outside of the cell
- C.
Mitochondria
- D.
Ribosomes
- E.
DNA
Correct Answer
C. Mitochondria -
- 22.
Which one of the following organelles resembles a bacterium in its size and biochemistry?
- A.
A lyzosome
- B.
The nucleolus
- C.
The endoplasmic reticulum
- D.
A golgi body
- E.
A mitochondrion
Correct Answer
E. A mitochondrion -
- 23.
Which organelle below is capable of producing its own protein since it has its own ribosomes?
- A.
Dictyosome
- B.
Lysosome
- C.
Chloroplast
- D.
Microtubule
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Chloroplast -
- 24.
Cystic fibrosis
- A.
Develops when a person inherits a single copy of a mutant gene
- B.
Is the most common fatal genetic disorder in the United States
- C.
Can be cured by antibiotics
- D.
Affects primarily mucle cells
- E.
All of these are correct
Correct Answer
B. Is the most common fatal genetic disorder in the United States -
- 25.
A phospholipid has a phosphate-containing head and two fatty acid tails attached to a backbone of
- A.
Nucleic acid
- B.
Glycerol
- C.
Glycogen
- D.
Guanine
- E.
Glucose
Correct Answer
B. Glycerol -
- 26.
Scientists demonstrated the fluidity of plasma membranes by
- A.
Causing rapid diffusion
- B.
Fusing the membranes of two different species
- C.
Centrifuging cell membranes
- D.
Freeze-fracturing and freeze-ethching cells
- E.
Using light microscopy
Correct Answer
B. Fusing the membranes of two different species -
- 27.
Resolution (the smallest detail it can see or resolve) by the best light microscope is ultimately limited by:
- A.
Lense aberrations
- B.
Light intensity
- C.
The wavelength of the light
- D.
The intensity of the light used
- E.
The curvature of the lenses
Correct Answer
C. The wavelength of the light -
- 28.
Proteins consist of:
- A.
Glycerol and fatty acids linked together
- B.
Amino acids linked together
- C.
Phosphates and glycerol
- D.
Lipids and membranes
- E.
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Correct Answer
B. Amino acids linked together -
- 29.
There are many kinds of _______ in cell membranes; they help to move material into and out of the cell.
- A.
Lipids
- B.
Pores
- C.
Vessicles
- D.
Golgi bodies
- E.
Proteins
Correct Answer
E. Proteins -
- 30.
A peptide bond joins:
- A.
The amine group of one amino acid and the peptide group of another
- B.
The carboxyl groups of two amino acids.
- C.
The amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another.
- D.
Glucose to fructose.
- E.
The amino groups of two amino acids.
Correct Answer
C. The amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another. -
- 31.
In reference to diffusion, "passive" really means:
- A.
No ATP energy is required
- B.
No gradient
- C.
Very slowly
- D.
In the air
- E.
Without a membrane
Correct Answer
A. No ATP energy is required -
- 32.
What is a characteristic of all life on earth?
- A.
Cells must take in raw materials
- B.
Cells must take in energy
- C.
Cells must build biological molecules
- D.
The cellular interior must be isolated from the environment
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the above -
- 33.
Which of these is not found in the nucleus?
- A.
All forms of RNA
- B.
Functioning ribosomes
- C.
Chromatin that condenses to chromosomes
- D.
Nucleolus that produces rRNA
- E.
Nucleoplasm instead of cytoplasm
Correct Answer
B. Functioning ribosomes -
- 34.
Plasma membranes incorporate ______.
- A.
Receptor proteins
- B.
Transport proteins
- C.
Recognition proteins
- D.
Adhesion proteins
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the above -
- 35.
Four of the five structures listed below are composed of membranes. Select the exception.
- A.
Chromosome
- B.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
Granum
- D.
Nuclear envelope
- E.
Plasma membrane
Correct Answer
A. Chromosome -
- 36.
In eukaryotic cells, the endoplasmic reticulum can
- A.
Be characterized by the presence of ribosomes throughout
- B.
Serve as the internal transportation system of a cell
- C.
Be the inner membrane of the mitochondria
- D.
Manufacture ATP
- E.
Be found in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm
Correct Answer
B. Serve as the internal transportation system of a cell -
- 37.
The Golgi apparatus packages materials into _____ for transport or export.
- A.
Organelles
- B.
Plastids
- C.
Nucleoli
- D.
Micelles
- E.
Vesicles
Correct Answer
E. Vesicles -
- 38.
The little "tanks" that hold and modify cell products in this cell organelle are called _______.
- A.
Cistae
- B.
E.R.
- C.
Dictyosome
- D.
Amyloplasts
- E.
Cisternae
Correct Answer
E. Cisternae -
- 39.
What are cilia?
- A.
Short, eyelash-like projections from the cell membrane that provide for locomotion
- B.
Globs of RNA
- C.
Central vauoles
- D.
Bundles of chloroplats
- E.
Long whip-like projections from the cell membrane that provide for locomotion
Correct Answer
A. Short, eyelash-like projections from the cell membrane that provide for locomotion -
- 40.
A hypothetical "microbullet" shot through a phospholipid bilayer would pass the components in which order?
- A.
Head>>>tail>>>head>>>tail
- B.
Tail>>>head>>>head>>>tail
- C.
Tail>>>tail>>>head>>>head
- D.
Head>>>head>>>tail>>>tail
- E.
Head>>>tail>>>tail>>>head
Correct Answer
E. Head>>>tail>>>tail>>>head -
- 41.
Nucleotides can contain any one of _______ nitrogenous bases.
- A.
Five
- B.
One
- C.
Two
- D.
Three
- E.
Four
Correct Answer
A. Five -
- 42.
The capacity of a cell to exhibit movement or mobility is generally attributed to which cellular component?
- A.
Microtubules
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Chromosomes
- D.
Vacuoles
- E.
Microbodies
Correct Answer
A. Microtubules -
- 43.
The DNA molecules is usually made up of how many strands?
- A.
12
- B.
1
- C.
2
- D.
3
- E.
6
Correct Answer
C. 2 -
- 44.
The fluid behavior of the plasma membrane as we saw in the class video clip results primarily from the ______. (Remember the movie clip of a pin poking the cell membrane).
- A.
Temperature gradients across the membrane
- B.
Distribution of membrane proteins
- C.
Ability of membrane proteins to change shape
- D.
PH factor of the membrane
- E.
Flexibility of the lipid components
Correct Answer
E. Flexibility of the lipid components -
- 45.
If lysosomes bursts inside a cell, the immediate result is likely to be:
- A.
The cell will be unable to export its products
- B.
It will be repaired with no loss of function
- C.
The cell will be digested from within
- D.
DNA will be released into the cytoplasm
- E.
The cell will be unable to build proteins
Correct Answer
C. The cell will be digested from within -
- 46.
Which represents a correct sequence of relative size in ascending order?
- A.
Amino acid, atom, polypeptide, protein
- B.
Atom, amino acid, polypeptide, protein
- C.
Amino acid, atom, protein, polypeptide
- D.
Protein, polypeptide, amino acid, atom
- E.
Atom, amino acid, protein, polypeptide
Correct Answer
B. Atom, amino acid, polypeptide, protein -
- 47.
Inside the nuclear envelope, the DNA maybe found in the form of fine diffuse strands called ______.
- A.
Nuclear matrix
- B.
Nucleoplasm
- C.
Nucleolus
- D.
Chromatin
- E.
Chromosomes
Correct Answer
D. Chromatin -
- 48.
Microfilaments and microtubules
- A.
Are sites of repiration
- B.
Contain digestive enzymes
- C.
Are sites of protein synthesis
- D.
Function in cell structure and movement
- E.
Are sites of photosynthesis
Correct Answer
D. Function in cell structure and movement -
- 49.
The cell wall:
- A.
Prevents the transport of toxic substances into the plant cells
- B.
Provides physical support for plant cells
- C.
Controls the transport of materials out of the cell
- D.
Replaces the plasma membrane in plant cells
- E.
Is found in all eukaryotes
Correct Answer
B. Provides physical support for plant cells -
- 50.
Which of the following are sometimes referred to as rough or smooth depending on surface structure?
- A.
Endoplasmic reticula
- B.
Nuclear envelope
- C.
Lysosomes
- D.
Plasma membrane
- E.
Golgi bodies
Correct Answer
A. Endoplasmic reticula -
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